Shin kun san cewa akwai wata kungiya mai shekaru 167 da ke cikin New York City wanne ya mallaki kuma yake gudanar da sama da dakunan otel 1,200 a wurare daban-daban a cikin kananan hukumomi uku? Wasu daga cikin kayan aikin nata suna cikin manyan gine-ginen ƙasa kuma suna ƙunshe da cibiyoyin wasan motsa jiki da cibiyoyin motsa jiki waɗanda suka zarce duk wuraren wasan gasa masu zaman kansu.

Yana da YMCA na Babban Birnin New York wanda ya samo asali daga shekara ta 1852 kuma ya samo asali ne a matsayin ƙungiya mai sassauƙa wacce ke yiwa mutane jinsi maza da mata, duk shekaru, jinsi, da imani na addini. Tarihinta yana daya daga cikin bada karfi da karfinta ga zamani da sauye-sauyen bukatun masu zabe da al'ummomin sa.

Tun daga alkiblar kirista ta bisharar farko, YMCA ta zama ƙungiya ta masu addini, masu ɗabi'a mai ɗabi'a tare da mai da hankali na musamman ga ci gaba mai kyau a cikin samarin birni. A tarihance ya yiwa talakawan birni da kuma masu matsakaita aiki tare da shirye-shirye tun daga kwasa-kwasan ilimi da ofisoshin aiki zuwa wuraren motsa jiki da masaukai mazauna. Wasu mutane suna fassara “YMCA” yana nufin YMCAs kawai na “samari Kiristoci samari ne.” Ba gaskiya bane. Duk da sunan ta, YMCA ba ta matasa kawai ba ce, ba ta maza ba ce kawai ba ta Kiristoci ba. Dukkanin shekaru, duka addinai, da jinsi ana maraba dasu a YMCA.

A halin yanzu akwai kaddarorin YMCA guda biyar a cikin yankin New York wanda ke ba da masauki don baƙi masu wucewa. Waɗannan gidan YMCA ɗin baƙi ne maza da mata waɗanda ke da sha'awar samun aminci, tsafta, mai araha da kuma wuraren baƙi, cibiyoyin motsa jiki da gidajen abinci.

Roomsakunan baƙi a YMCA su ne ɗakuna da tagwayen ɗakuna (gadaje masu kan gado) tare da wuraren wanka na ban daki da ke kan farfajiyoyi. Akwai iyakantattun ɗakuna masu mahimmanci tare da gadaje biyu da ɗakuna tare da wanka mai zaman kansu a ƙarin farashi.

Ayyuka a cikin duk YMCA sun haɗa da sabis na tsaftace gida, azuzuwan motsa jiki na kyauta, horo na ƙarfin zuciya, kotun kwando / gidan motsa jiki, sauna, shirye-shiryen matasa, wasannin matasa, darussan ninkaya, makullan ƙofa na lantarki, wankin baƙi, ajiyar kaya da gidan abinci.

YMCA na Yammacin Yamma - 480 Rooms

An buɗe YMCA mafi girma a duniya ga jama'a a ranar Litinin, 31 ga Maris, 1930. Architect Dwight James Baum ne ya tsara shi wanda ya tsara gidaje 140 a yankin Riverdale daga shekara ta 1914 zuwa 1939.

Yankin Yammacin Y yana da wuraren ninkaya guda biyu: wurin waha na Pompeiian (75 'x 25') tare da kyallen faranti na Italiya. Poolaramin ƙaramin gidan ruwa na Sifen (60 'x 20') an nuna shi da fale-falen Andalus na babban shuɗi mai launin shuɗi mai launin shuɗi mai launin rawaya, kyauta ce daga gwamnatin Spain. Y yana da dakin motsa jiki guda uku, ɗaya tare da waƙa mai gudana a sama; kotunan kwallon hannu biyar / racquetball / squash, dakunan motsa jiki na rukuni guda biyu, 2,400 sq. ft. dakin nauyi mara nauyi, dakin dambe mai dauke da jakunkuna masu nauyi da sauri, shimfidawa da dakunan zane-zane, sutudiyya mai sassauci don yoga da azuzuwan sulhu. Ginin kuma yana dauke da akwatin lu'ulu'u mai suna Little Theater, inda aka gabatar da wasan kwaikwayon Tennessee William na "Summer da hayaki" a shekara ta 1952.

Duk wasu shahararrun mutane sun zauna a Yammacin Y yayin da suke kafa ayyukansu; daga cikinsu Fred Allen, John Barrrymore, Montgomery Clift, Kirk Douglas, Eddie Duchin, Lee J. Cobb, Douglas Fairbanks, Dave Garroway, Bob Hope, Elia Kazan, Norman Rockwell, Robert Penn Warren da Johnny Weismuller.

Gyaran baya ga dakunan wanka yana nuna muhimmin ci gaban kayan more rayuwa wanda za'a girka akan ragowar benaye na West Side Y kuma daga ƙarshe zuwa ɗayan YMCA na New York. Wuraren wanka da aka raba an canza su zuwa dakunan wanka masu zaman kansu, kowannensu yana da shagon shawa, banɗaki, kwandon wanki, haske mai kyau, madubi, mashigar lantarki, ƙugiyoyi da sabon tayal mai launi daga bene zuwa rufi. Waɗannan ɗakunan wanka masu zaman kansu masu kulle ana samun su ne kawai tare da katin maɓallin lantarki na baƙi. Wadannan dakunan wanka sun fi na kulob din kasar kyau.

YMCA na Vanderbilt - Dakuna 367

Ginin da ke kan Manhattan na Yankin Gabas ta Gabas, gidan Vanderbilt Y yana da ƙirar ƙira wacce ta dace da ta maƙwabta, waɗanda suka haɗa da Majalisar Dinkin Duniya da Grand Central Station. A saman ƙofar Vanderbilt Y waɗannan kalmomin an saka su cikin dutse: "“ungiyar Railway Branch Young Mens Christian Association". An fara shi a ƙarƙashin jagorancin Cornelius Vanderbilt II a cikin 1875 lokacin da YMCA ya yi girma sosai, yana yaɗuwa daga Manhattan da Bronx zuwa Brooklyn da Queens.

An buɗe sabon YMCA Railroad a cikin 1932 akan kuɗi $ 1.5 a kan 224 East 47th Street tsakanin Hanyoyi na biyu da Na Uku. A cikin 1972 an canza sunansa don girmama Cornelius Vanderbilt. Ginin yana da dakunan baƙi 367, babban dakin motsa jiki, gidan wanka na cikin gida mai layi huɗu tare da jirgin ruwa mai faɗar mita ɗaya. Akwai dakunan wanka ga maza da mata; horar da nauyi da dakunan motsa jiki; da kuma tausa, hasken rana da sassan sauna.

Babban gidan Vanderbilt, gidan abinci mai kwandishan yana ba da karin kumallo, abincin rana da abincin dare daga Litinin zuwa Jumma'a. Ginin yana ɗaukar mutane 122 kuma yana hidimar abinci sama da 250,000 a kowace shekara.

Harlem YMCA - Dakuna 226

Titin 135th YMCA ya samo asalinsa zuwa lokacin bazara na 1900 wanda aka nuna shi da rikice-rikicen launin fata a cikin har yanzu galibinsu fararen fata Harlem da gundumar Tenderloin ta Manhattan game da rashin daidaituwar baƙar fata. Tun farko YMCA mai “launuka” mai aiki a 132 W. 53rd Street a tsakiyar San Juan Hill, wani yanki ne na zama Baƙon Ba'amurke inda clubsan wasa irin na zamani suka haifar da rayuwa mai kyau kuma suka ba wa gundumar sunan ta "baƙar fata Bohemia". Tsakanin 1910 da 1930, bakar fata na Harlem ya ninka sau biyu don samar da babban sikeli, cikakkiyar al'ummar Afirka Ba'amurke a cikin ƙasar.

Julius Rosenwald, babban jami'in Sears, Roebuck da Kamfanin a Chicago, ya ba da jimlar dala 600,000 a cikin ƙalubalen tallafi don gina YMCA da YMCA na Amurkawan Afirka a cikin biranen Arewacin Amurka da yawa. Ofayan waɗannan shine titin 135 na Y wanda aka buɗe a cikin 1919 akan kuɗi $ 375,000. Quicklyungiyar ta hanzarta kafa kanta a matsayin ginshiƙan al'umma a cikin lamuran jama'a da zamantakewar al'umma da na Harlem Renaissance wanda ya fara a cikin 1920s. Da yake rubutu a cikin theOutlook, Booker T. Washington ya lura da cewa kyaututtukan da abokin sa Julius Rosenwald ya baiwa YMCA "sun kasance masu taimako ga tseren na… .a cikin abin da suke yi don gamsar da fararen farar ƙasar nan cewa a cikin makarantun da suka daɗe suna mafi rahusa fiye da ‘yan sanda; cewa akwai mafi hikimar hana mutum fita daga rami fiye da kokarin ceton shi bayan ya fada; cewa ya fi zama kirista da tattalin arziki shirya samari don su rayu daidai fiye da hukunta su bayan sun aikata laifi. ” Zuwa 1940, ainihin asalin Harlem Y bai isa ba, cunkoson mutane ne kuma an sa shi kuma yana buƙatar filin shirye-shirye don yara maza, ɗakin kwanan makaranta da wuraren ba da shawara ga dubunnan samarin Afirka na Afirka da ke neman aiki a Birnin New York. Masu wucewa "Red Caps", 'yan dako da Pullman da mazajen motocin cin abinci, waɗanda ba a ba su izinin amfani da keɓaɓɓun Railway YMCA ba, suma suna buƙatar masaukai. A cikin 1933, an gina sabon Harlem YMCA akan titin West 135th kai tsaye daga hawan Harlem Y. A shekarar 1938, asalin Y an sake shi azaman "Harlem annex" don sanya sashen samarin ta. A cikin 1996, an sake sake shi, an sake buɗe shi azaman Cibiyar Matasa ta Harlem YMCA Jackie Robinson.

Cibiyar al'adu ga kanta, Reshen ya dauki bakuncin kuma ya hada mashahuran marubuta irin su Richard Wright, Claude McKay, Ralph Ellison, Langston Hughes; masu zane-zane Jacob Lawrence da Aaron Douglas; 'yan wasan kwaikwayo Ossie Davis, Ruby Dee, Cicely Tyson da Paul Robeson. A cikin shekarun da suka gabata, ɗakunan Harlem YMCA na 226 galibi baƙi Ba'amurke baƙi ne suka mamaye su kuma suna yin wasan kwaikwayon zuwa Birnin New York waɗanda ba za su iya samun ɗakuna a cikin manyan otal-otal a cikin gari ba saboda wariyar launin fata.

Fitar YMCA - Dakuna 127

'Yan ƙasa a cikin Flushing sun faɗi ƙasa a cikin 1924 don reshen YMCA a arewacin Boulevard kusa da Filin jirgin saman La Guardia don yi wa mazaunan Bayside, Douglaston, College Point, Whitestone, Kew Gardens da sauran al'ummomin da ke kusa da su hidima. Ginin tare da ɗakunan baƙi 79 ya buɗe a cikin 1926. expansionaddamar da ci gaba ta faru a cikin shekaru biyu masu zuwa tare da sabbin filayen wasanni, wasannin motsa jiki, da sansanonin bazara. Flushing ya kara sabon fuka-fuki tare da wurin wanka mai girman Olympic da kungiyar wasan yan kasuwa a 1967 da 1972, dakunan baki 48.

Greenpoint YMCA - Dakuna 100

Brooklynungiyar Brooklyn ta tara kuɗaɗe don sababbin gine-gine ta hanyar Asusun Jubilee na 1903, tuki wanda ya nuna bikin cika shekaru 50 da kafuwa. Tsakanin 1904 da 1907, Associationungiyar ta kammala sabbin gine-gine uku: Gundumar Gabas a Williamsburg; Bedford tsakanin Gates da Monroe Streets; da kuma Greenpoint. Kowane ɗayan waɗannan rassa suna ƙunshe da wurin wanka, waƙa mai gudana, dakin motsa jiki, ɗakunan kulab, wuraren shakatawa da kuma ɗakunan baƙi. A cikin 1918, Reshen Greenpoint ya kara hawa biyu na dakunan kwanan dalibai. A farkon zamanin, an san shi da YMCA na masu aiki saboda mayar da hankali kan bukatun ma'aikata a yawancin masana'antu da ke kusa.

William Sloane Memorial YMCA-1,600 Dakuna

An buɗe shi a cikin 1930 akan Yamma talatin da Hudu da Titin Ninth, an gina ginin ne da farko don yiwa samari sama da 100,000 da ke neman dukiyar su a lokacin Babban Tashin Hankali da dubban sojoji, matuƙan jirgin ruwa da na ruwa ruwa a lokacin da kuma bayan Yaƙin Duniya na II. A ƙarshe, a cikin 1991, Associationungiyar ta rufe gidan Sloane kuma ta sayar da ginin.

A shekara ta 1979, kungiyar masu rera waka, mutanen kauye, suka fi kowannensu yawan bugawa a cikin "YMCA", rikodin diski na disko. Ungiyar ta inganta waƙar tare da rawar rawar gargajiya wacce ke nuna alamun hannu waɗanda ke nuna haruffan taken. Wannan ya faru ne a kan faya faya a duniya kuma tun daga wannan ya zama wani ɓangare na al'adun gargajiya na gargajiya. Duk lokacin da aka kunna waƙar a filin rawa, amintacciyar caca ce cewa mutane da yawa za su yi rawar rawar tare da alamun YMCA masu dacewa.

YMCA

“Saurayi, babu bukatar jin kasala.

Na ce, saurayi, tsamo kanka daga kasa.

Na ce, saurayi, 'saboda kana cikin sabon gari

Babu buƙatar zama marar farin ciki.

Saurayi, akwai inda zaku iya zuwa.

Na ce, saurayi, lokacin da ka rage a kan kullu.

Kuna iya tsayawa a wurin, kuma na tabbata za ku samu

Hanyoyi da yawa don samun nishaɗi.

Abin farin ciki ne a zauna a YMCA

Abin farin ciki ne zama a YMCA. ”

Marubucin, Stanley Turkel, mashahurin masani ne kuma mai ba da shawara a masana'antar otal. Yana aiki a otal dinsa, karimci da kuma aikin tuntuba wanda ya kware a harkar sarrafa kadara, binciken kudi da kuma tasirin yarjejjeniyar mallakar otal da ayyukan bada tallafi. Abokan ciniki sune masu mallakar otal, masu saka hannun jari, da cibiyoyin bada lamuni.

"Greatwararrun Hotelwararrun Otal ɗin Amurka"

Littafin tarihin otal na takwas ya ƙunshi masu gine-gine goma sha biyu waɗanda suka tsara otal-otal 94 daga 1878 zuwa 1948: Warren & Wetmore, Schultze & Weaver, Julia Morgan, Emery Roth, McKim, Mead & White, Henry J. Hardenbergh, Carrere & Hastings, Mulliken & Moeller, Mary Elizabeth Jane Colter, Trowbridge & Livingston, George B. Post da 'Ya'yan.

Sauran Littattafan da Aka Buga:

Duk waɗannan littattafan ana iya yin odarsu daga AuthorHouse, ta ziyartar stanleyturkel.com kuma ta hanyar latsa taken littafin.

ABUBUWAN DA ZA KU GUDU DAGA WANNAN LABARI:

Gyaran dakunan wanka na baya-bayan nan yana nuna ingantaccen kayan jin daɗi wanda za'a girka akan ragowar benayen Side Y na Yamma kuma daga ƙarshe zuwa sauran YMCA's City na New York.
Tun daga farko-farko na kiristanci na bishara, YMCA ta girma ta zama kungiya mai zaman kanta, mai ra'ayin dabi'u tare da mai da hankali na musamman kan ingantaccen ci gaba a cikin matasan birni.
Ita ce YMCA ta Babban New York wacce ta samo asalinta zuwa 1852 kuma ta samo asali a matsayin ƙungiya mai sassauƙa da ke hidima ga mutanen duka jinsi, kowane zamani, jinsi, da imani na addini.