Wani yaki yana taso a kan Tekun Atlantika - mai tsayi a saman teku.
Kamfanin jiragen sama na American Airlines da British Airways da kuma na Sipaniya Iberia na kokarin hada kai a wani mataki da masu fafatawa da su ke kira na monopolistic kuma sun ce zai iya haifar da hauhawar farashin jiragen sama.
Kamfanonin guda uku sun ce yarjejeniyar kasuwanci ta haɗin gwiwa za ta bai wa matafiya babban zaɓi, ingantacciyar alaƙa da ingantattun jadawalin jirage. Suna neman kariya daga tuhuma a nan da Turai.
"Idan kun saurari ƙawancen, yana nufin mabukaci sun amfana da wazoo," in ji Robert Mann, wani manazarci kuma mai ba da shawara kan harkokin sufurin jiragen sama. "Idan ka kalli abin da suke faɗa wa Wall Street, ya ce ikon daidaita jadawalin jadawalin da farashi, wanda ke nufin kawar da ƙarancin ƙarancin farashi, wanda da alama ba zai zama abokantaka ba."
A karkashin shawarar, kamfanonin jiragen sama uku za su ci gaba da kasancewa kamfanoni masu zaman kansu amma za su iya yin hadin gwiwa tare da tsara jadawalin da farashi. A yanzu irin waɗannan ayyukan gabaɗaya sun sabawa doka a ƙarƙashin dokokin hana amana.
Kamfanonin za su kuma fadada yarjejeniyoyinsu na codeshare inda wani kamfanin jirgin sama ke sayar da kujeru a jirgin da wani ke yi. Misali, matafiyi da zai tashi daga St. Louis, Mo., zuwa Landan na iya siyan tikiti ta hanyar Amurka amma ya kasance a cikin jirgin Amurka don rabin farko na tafiya da jirgin British Airways don tafiya ta biyu.
Kamfanonin jiragen sama da yawa sun riga sun sami rigakafin rashin amincewa don ƙawancensu.
Kamfanin na United da Jamus Lufthansa da sauran membobinsu na Star Alliance suna da irin wannan kariya.
Kamfanin jirgin sama na Northwest da Dutch KLM (yanzu hade da Air France) suma suna da wannan kariyar. Delta tana hadewa da Arewa maso Yamma kuma ana samun kariya daga dokokin hana amana. Duk waɗannan kamfanonin jiragen sama suna cikin ƙawancen SkyTeam.
American, British Airways da Iberia wani bangare ne na kawancen duniya daya.
Wannan shi ne karo na uku da jiragen saman Amurka da na Biritaniya ke neman irin wannan kariya. Lokaci na farko shine a cikin 1996, lokacin da Northwest da KLM suka haɗu kuma lokacin da United da Lufthansa suka haɗu. Yunkurin na biyu shi ne a shekara ta 2002. Duka lokuttan biyu, yarjejeniyar da aka yi na hana rigakafi ita ce, kamfanonin jiragen sama guda biyu suna kula da muhimman wuraren sauka a filin jirgin sama na Heathrow na London, daya daga cikin kasuwannin da suka fi samun riba a duniya.
Jirgin sama mai arha ko Haɗin farashi?
Lokacin da aka yi watsi da yunkurin na farko, shugaban sashen masu adawa da amana na ma'aikatar shari'a ya ce a cikin wata sanarwa: "Haɗin kan jiragen sama na Amurka da na British Airways zai haifar da fasinjojin jirgin sama suna biyan farashi mai yawa don tafiye-tafiye tsakanin Amurka da Burtaniya."
Amma duk wannan ya canza a wannan shekara lokacin da yarjejeniyar ta Open Skies ta fara aiki, wanda ya buɗe wani ɗan gajeren lokaci ga sauran kamfanonin jiragen sama waɗanda aka dade da kayyade zuwa sauran filayen jiragen sama na London.
Continental, Delta, US Airways da Northwest duk sun sami damar sauka a Heathrow saboda Open Skies, amma Mann ya ce duk suna son ƙari. Yana tsammanin waɗancan dilolin na Amurka za su yi ƙoƙari su toshe rigakafi a matsayin wani ɓangare na shawarwari don samun ƙarin damar zuwa Heathrow.
Kasuwar Amurka-London tana daya daga cikin mafi girma a duniya, in ji Mann. Amma mafi mahimmanci, saboda yawan zirga-zirgar zirga-zirgar jiragen sama na kasuwanci suna iya cajin wasu ƙarin kuɗi don hanyoyin, jiragen da ke sauka a Heathrow maimakon ɗaya daga cikin filayen jiragen sama na London, kamar Gatwick, na iya zama mafi tsada da kashi 15 zuwa 20 cikin ɗari. .
Mann ya kira shi "mai yiwuwa ɗaya daga cikin kasuwanni masu fa'ida a duniya."
Richard Branson, shugaban Virgin Atlantic, shi ma ya tayar da ruckus yana mai cewa irin wannan yarjejeniya za ta "lalata gasa."
A cikin wata wasika da ya aike wa duka ‘yan takarar shugabancin Amurka, Sens Barack Obama da John McCain, Branson ya ce, “Kamfanonin jiragen sama a ko’ina suna kokawa da tsadar man fetur a halin yanzu, amma bai kamata maganin matsalolinsu ya kasance a cikin yarjejeniyar da za ta kawo cikas ga gasa ba. babu makawa ya haifar da karancin gasa da tsadar farashi.”
Rick Seaney, wani mawallafin labarai na ABC kuma shugaban kamfanin FareCompare.com, wani rukunin yanar gizo ne na neman safarar jiragen sama, ya ce gasar ita ce direba na 1 na farashin tikitin jirgin sama.
Seaney ya ce "Duk lokacin da kamfanin jirgin sama ya fashe, ko biyu ko fiye da haɗin gwiwa / abokin tarayya, yana nufin tikitin jirgin sama mafi girma ga fasinjoji," in ji Seaney. "Mun riga mun ga abokan gaba na British Airways da Virgin Atlantic sun yarda da hada baki kan karin kudin man fetur kuma sun amince da biyan tara mai yawa. … Waɗannan yarjejeniyoyin adawa da aminci sun sa irin wannan aikin ya zama doka.
Mafi kyawun Zaɓuɓɓukan Jirgin sama
Mann ya ce American Airways da British Airways suna da wasu kwararan hujjoji: Na farko, sauran kamfanonin jiragen sama suna da rigakafi; na biyu, yayin da suke sarrafa kadan fiye da rabin jiragen a Heathrow, Star Alliance kamfanonin jiragen sama suna da kaso mafi girma na jiragen a Frankfurt kuma SkyTeam yana da kaso mafi girma a Paris.
Hakanan, kamfanonin jiragen sama na iya yin amfani da wasu hanyoyin ta hanyar ƙawancen da ba za su iya gwadawa ba. Misali, Arewa maso yamma da abokin aikinta KLM suna da sabis na tsayawa daga Hartford, Conn., zuwa Amsterdam.
"Wannan kasuwa ce da a zahiri ba za a taɓa yin hidima ba tare da haɗin gwiwa ba," in ji Mann.
Richard Aboulafia, wani manazarci kan harkokin sufurin jiragen sama tare da Teal Group, ya ce Iberia na cikin yarjejeniyar ne saboda manyan kamfanonin jiragen sama suna son su "kara yawa da 'yan wasan kafin wani ya kama su."
Har ila yau, Iberia tana da mahimman hanyoyin Latin Amurka da yawa, waɗanda za a iya ƙara su zuwa hanyoyin sadarwa na British Airways da na Amurka.
"Komi nawa kuke so ko a'a, ba kwa son ɗayan ya yi yawa tare da su," in ji Aboulafia. "Wannan duka game da kiyaye waccan hanyar sadarwa ta duniya mai mahimmanci."
Amma a ƙarshe, Aboulafia ya ce yarjejeniyar ta rage game da Heathrow da yadda jiragen saman Amurka da na Biritaniya ke son barin wurin.
“Yawanci ya dogara da abin da suke bayarwa a matsayin rangwame. Yana saukowa sosai zuwa Heathrow da shiga, "in ji shi. “Babu zirga-zirgar ababen more rayuwa kamar Arewacin Atlantic Heathrow. Gaskiyar ita ce BA [British Airways] da AA [Amurka] za su sami matsayi mai ƙarfi a can. Akwai kyawawan filayen jirgin sama da yawa, da yawa waɗanda unicorns ko leprechauns ke zaune.
