Shin sabuwar Hukumar Yawon shakatawa ta Amurka za ta iya jan hankalin baƙi?

Dokokin kula da lafiya na iya samun mafi yawan kanun labarai kwanakin nan, amma ya yi nisa da lissafin kawai da ke yawo a Capitol Hill. Wata sabuwar doka a hankali tana kan hanyar zuwa teburin Shugaba Obama ita ce Dokar Tallafawa Balaguro (TPA) - Majalisar Dattawa ta riga ta amince da ita kuma yanzu tana gaban majalisar - wacce za ta kafa hukumar yawon bude ido ta farko a kasar.

Kusan kowace ƙasa a duniya babba da ƙanana, tana da sashen yawon buɗe ido na hukuma don jan hankalin baƙi zuwa gaɓar teku. Karamar Tunisiya tana da ofisoshin yawon shakatawa 24 a cikin kasashe 19 na duniya. Afirka ta Kudu tana da ofisoshi 10 a nahiyoyi hudu. Amurka ba ta da kowa, maimakon haka ta dogara ga kamfanoni masu zaman kansu don jawo hankalin masu yawon bude ido. "Kamfanonin jiragen sama, masu gudanar da balaguro, otal-otal - suna da alhakin haɓaka Amurka," in ji Henry Harteveldt, manazarcin masana'antar balaguro a Forrester Research a San Francisco. “Gwamnati ta nisanta kanta daga irin wadannan shirye-shiryen kuma a sakamakon haka, mun yi hasarar matafiya.”

Hakika, yayin da balaguron kasa da kasa na shekara-shekara ya karu, daga matafiya miliyan 124 na duniya a shekarar 2000 zuwa miliyan 173 a bara, ziyarar da baki zuwa Amurka ke yi a kowace shekara ya ragu, daga miliyan 26 a shekara ta 2000 zuwa miliyan 25.3 a shekarar 2008. Cikakkun fage. da alama kadan ne, har sai kun yi la'akari da cewa ta yi asarar kudin harajin da ya kai dalar Amurka biliyan 27 a cikin shekaru goma da suka gabata. Tare da matakan rashin aikin yi yanzu sama da kashi 10% a Amurka, fa'idodin tattalin arziƙin tafiye-tafiyen waje bai taɓa zama cikin gaggawa ba, duk da haka baƙi ba su taɓa yin ƙaranci ba. Geoff Freeman, babban mataimakin shugaban al'amuran jama'a na balaguron balaguron Amurka, babbar ƙungiyar bayar da shawarwarin tafiye tafiye ta ƙasar ya ce "Muna maraba da baƙi kaɗan a kowace shekara.

Taimaka wa matafiya bakin ciki shine tsauraran takunkumin biza, tsauraran matakai na shigowa a teburan shige da fice da kuma karuwar kyamar Amurka gaba daya sakamakon yake-yake a Iraki da Afghanistan. Harteveldt ya ce: "Mun dauki matafiya 'yan kasashen waje a banza kuma mun yi kuskuren zaton za su ci gaba da zuwa."

Masu sa ido na Washington suna tsammanin TPA za ta wuce Majalisar Dattawa a ƙarshen shekara. Da zarar an kafa shi, za ta ƙirƙiri sababbin ƙungiyoyi biyu - Ofishin Inganta Balaguro da Kamfanin Inganta Balaguro - don taimaka wa baƙi na ƙasashen waje shiga cikin ƙasar. Ofisoshin za su zama albarkatu ga matafiya guda biyu da masana'antar balaguro, suna bayyana ka'idodin biza da buƙatun shiga, bayar da bayanan wurin da kuma tallafawa yaƙin neman zaɓe. Mafi mahimmanci, ta hanyar inganta al'ummar kasar baki daya - maimakon wani takamaiman jirgin sama ko makoma - Magoya bayan TPA sun ce kudirin na iya jawo karin masu yawon bude ido miliyan 1.6 su ziyarci Amurka kowace shekara. Wannan yana nufin kusan dala biliyan 4 na fa'idodin tattalin arziƙin, wanda zai iya haifar da wasu sabbin ayyuka 40,000.

"Sabuwar dokar tana da tushe game da samar da ayyukan yi da kuma karfafa ayyukan tattalin arziki," in ji Sanata Byron Dorgan (D-ND), babban mai tallafa wa kudirin kuma jigo a kwamitin majalisar dattawa kan sufuri, gidaje da raya birane. "Hakanan zai taimaka wajen sanya kyakkyawar fuskar jama'a a kan al'umma," in ji Dorgan. "Yayin da wasu ƙasashe ke aiki tuƙuru don jawo hankalin matafiya, da alama muna aika saƙon cewa ba ma son su a nan."

TPA za ta sami kasafin kuɗi har dala miliyan 200, wanda aka samu ta hanyar gudummawa daga kamfanoni masu zaman kansu (otal-otal da kamfanonin jiragen sama, alal misali) da sabon kuɗin dala $10 wanda kowane baƙo mai shiga ƙasashen waje zai biya wanda baya buƙatar bizar shiga. Abu na ƙarshe ya tabbatar da cece-kuce - musamman ga galibin matafiya na Turai waɗanda dole ne su yi gwagwarmaya da waɗannan ƙarin farashin. Ambasada John Bruton, shugaban tawagar Tarayyar Turai a Amurka, ya kira yuwuwar harajin "wariya" a cikin wata sanarwa da ya fitar a watan Satumba, kuma ya yi gargadin cewa zai iya zama "mataki koma baya a kokarinmu na hadin gwiwa kan zirga-zirgar jiragen ruwa."

Kodayake kudin zai iya "boye" a cikin jiragen sama, Harteveldt ya damu da cewa zai iya yin aiki a kan shirye-shiryen TPA kuma "ya dawo mana." Amma Sanata Dorgan ya ki amincewa da cewa $10 ya yi kasa da irin wannan kudade - kama daga harajin shiga dalar Amurka $14 na Ireland zuwa dala 100 na Burtaniya - Amurkawa ke biya lokacin da suke balaguro zuwa kasashen waje. Kuma tare da ƙasashe 35 kawai waɗanda za a buƙaci su biya kuɗin, ƙasa da kashi 30% na matafiya na ƙasashen waje za su shafa.

Sama da shekaru goma kenan da gwamnatin Amurka ta fara yunkurin kafa ofishin yawon bude ido a hukumance. A cikin 1996, karkashin Shugaba Bill Clinton, an kaddamar da Hukumar Kula da Balaguro ta Amurka, amma bayan shekaru uku aka yi watsi da ita saboda rashin isassun kudade na Majalisa - kamar yadda aka yi kokarin da aka yi a 2001 da 2003. , da alama ya sami isassun goyon baya da za a amince da shi a matsayin doka - kuma a ba da kuɗin aiki. Freeman na balaguron balaguron Amurka ya yarda cewa wataƙila za a yi wata shekara kafin Ofishin Inganta Balaguro ya cika da aiki. Amma yana da kwarin gwiwar cewa Washington za ta amince da fa'idar karuwar balaguron balaguron balaguron balaguro na kasar. "Wannan shi ne ƙananan 'ya'yan itace don gyara tattalin arzikin," in ji Freeman. "Yana da kusan mafita a bayyane kamar yadda zaku iya tunanin - kuma muna tunanin sakatariyar Clinton da Shugaba Obama sun fahimci hakan a fili."