Kabari na Dinosaur azaman zanen yawon bude ido

LAKE BARREALES, Argentina - Yayin da Jorge Calvo ke tafiya tare da gaɓar ƙura na wannan tafkin Patagonia, ya duba datti mai ja, yana nuna ragowar dinosaur a cikin rana ta hamada.

Ya ci gaba da tafiya, sai ya gangara cikin rami mai kafa takwas, ya yi wa Marcela Milani hannu, wani ma’aikacin fasaha da ke aiki da ƙusa mai kauri da guduma. Ta kasance tana tsinkewa a wani dutse tana neman wani kashin kwatangwalo da ya bace da aka yi imanin cewa wani bangare ne na sanannen binciken Mista Calvo, Futalognkosaurus, wani sabon jinsin dinosaur mai cin tsire-tsire fiye da kafa 100 daga wutsiya zuwa hanci. Yana ɗaya daga cikin manyan dinosaur uku da aka taɓa samu.

"Wannan mutumin ya rayu kusan shekaru miliyan 90 da suka wuce," in ji Mista Calvo, masanin ilimin kasa da kuma binciken burbushin halittu. “Muna cike da dinosaur a nan. Idan ka yi tafiya, za ka sami wani abu."

Mista Calvo, mai shekaru 46, yana ofishinsa a nan, a duk shekara ana tono burbushin halittu daga wannan babbar makabartar dinosaur. Ba ya bin tafarkin ilimi na gargajiya na masana burbushin halittu, yana tattarawa a fagen don gidajen tarihi na nesa. Bayan ya gano kasusuwan Futalognkosaurus a shekara ta 2000, ya kafa shago a nan shekaru biyu bayan haka tare da wannan tafkin wucin gadi mai laushi wanda aka lika a gefe guda ta hanyar zurfin dutsen dutse mai zurfi wanda yayi kama da na Sedona, Ariz.

Aikin Mr. Calvo's Dino, mai nisan mil 55 daga arewacin birnin Neuquén, ya ƙunshi ƴan tireloli masu ɗauke da dakunan wanka masu ɗaukar hoto da wani gidan kayan gargajiya da aka gina ba tare da na'urar sanyaya iska ko ƙasa inda yake baje kolin burbushinsa ba. Aikin dai ya samo asali ne daga gudummawar da kamfanonin makamashi na cikin gida ke yi, wadanda ke hakar iskar gas a yankin.

Mista Calvo, duk da haka, ya sami damar jawo masu yawon bude ido 10,000 a shekara daga ko'ina cikin duniya, ciki har da 'yan kasuwa masu damuwa da suka zo neman "farfado" don neman burbushin halittu. Yana kwana hudu a mako a Barreales, wani lokacin yana neman taurari da daddare tare da dansa Santiago, 11. A lokacin bazara a nan, Disamba zuwa Maris, Mista Calvo yakan yi aiki tare da masu binciken burbushin halittu daga Brazil da Italiya. Har yanzu yana koyar da ilimin kasa da injiniya a Jami'ar Comahue ta kasa da ke Neuquén, inda aka sa masa sunan wani dinosaur irin tsuntsu da ya samu a harabar makarantar.

Hanyarsa ga ilmin burbushin halittu abu ne mai ɗan rikitarwa. Rodolfo Coria, masanin burbushin halittu a gidan tarihi na Carmen Funes da ke kusa da Neuquén, ya ce burbushin da Mista Calvo ke hakowa a Barreales “yan garkuwa ne” kuma ya kamata su kasance a cikin gidan kayan gargajiyar da ya dace. "Ban yarda da amfani da waɗancan burbushin ba a cikin aikin yawon buɗe ido," in ji Mista Coria.

Yankin Patagonia na kasar Argentina, inda Mista Calvo ya yi aiki na tsawon shekaru 20, ya zama daya daga cikin yankunan da suka fi daukar nauyin binciken burbushin dinosaur a duniya, tare da hamadar Gobi da ke kasar Sin da kuma yankin yammacin Amurka mai arzikin burbushin halittu. Masana burbushin halittu daga ko'ina cikin duniya an jawo su aiki a Patagonia. Masana kimiyyar Argentine sun gano dinosaur mafi girma na cin tsire-tsire, Argentinosaurus, da kuma mafi girma carnivore, Giganotosaurus carolinii, wanda tsawon kimanin ƙafa 42 ya dan tsawo kuma kimanin ton uku ya fi nauyi fiye da sanannen Tyrannosaurus Rex da aka samu a Amurka.

James I. Kirkland, masanin burbushin halittu na jihar Utah ya ce "Argentina tana da mafi arziƙi kuma mafi tsayin rikodi na dinosaur a duk Kudancin Kudancin Duniya, rikodin daga farko zuwa na ƙarshe," in ji James I. Kirkland, masanin burbushin halittu na jihar Utah. Wannan tarihin, wanda ya kai kimanin shekaru miliyan 150, kuma ya bambanta da na Arewacin Hemisphere, in ji shi, saboda a lokacin Jurassic da yawancin Cretaceous nahiyoyi sun watse, sun raba Arewa da Kudancin Hemispheres. Daban-daban nau'ikan dinosaur sun samo asali a kowane yanki. Amma kimanin shekaru miliyan 70 da suka wuce, shekaru miliyan 5 kacal kafin dinosaur ya bace, an kafa gadar ƙasa wadda ta ba da dama ga wasu dinosaur daga kowane yanki su ketare.

Burbushin dinosaur daga zamanin Cretaceous (shekaru 145 zuwa 65 da suka wuce) sun yi yawa a kusa da Neuquén. "Muna kiranta Cretaceous Park," in ji Mista Calvo game da makabartar dinosaur, wanda ya hada da Lake Barreales.

An gano burbushin dinosaur na farko a kasar a kusa da Neuquén a shekara ta 1882. Tsawon shekaru da yawa gidajen tarihi a Buenos Aires da La Plata, kusa da babban birnin kasar, da alama sun kwashe dukkan burbushin yankin. Gina gidajen tarihi na yanki a kusa da Neuquén shekaru ashirin da suka gabata ya taimaka wajen kiyaye burbushin a gida kuma ya haifar da wani nau'in yawon shakatawa na dino.

Wasu sun dauki sabon tsarin yanki zuwa matsananci. Ruben Carolini, shugaban gidan kayan tarihi na dinosaur a El Chocón, kusa da Neuquén, an ruwaito cewa ya daure kansa da kwarangwal na Giganotosaurus a shekara ta 2006 don neman burbushin halittu da kwafi da aka aika zuwa Buenos Aires da kasashen waje a mayar da shi cibiyarsa. Bayan sa'o'i da yawa, ya kwance kansa bayan da aka sake gina kwanyar mai cin nama, wanda aka nufi Buenos Aires, ya koma El Chocón.

Kafin ya zama darektan gidan kayan gargajiya, Mista Carolini kwararre ne kan kanikanci mota kuma mai sha'awar farautar dinosaur wanda ya tuka dune buggy kuma ya sanya hular Indiana Jones. Ya shahara a shekarar 1993 saboda gano wani kashin kafa na Giganotosaurus, wanda ya mamaye yankin kuma ya ja hankalin duniya.

A nasa bangaren, Mista Calvo yana mafarkin mai da wurin da ya kebe ya zama wata babbar wurin yawon bude ido. Ya nuna wani sikelin sikelin gidan kayan tarihi na paleontology na dala miliyan 2 wanda zai sa rami ya fashe ta cikin dutsen ja-dutse da ke kaiwa ga wani yanki da aka keɓe ga tarihin ƴan asalin ƙasar Indiyawan Mapuche.

"Zan iya nemo kasusuwan dinosaur tsawon rayuwata da kuma sauran rayuwa biyu kuma har yanzu ba a yi ba," in ji shi. "Abu daya da muke da shi anan shine lokaci."

nytimes.com