Yaya ƙarfin yawon shakatawa ya kasance a cikin 2009?

Masana'antar yawon bude ido a duk duniya ta fara 2009 da kyau a shirye don tafiya mai ban mamaki. Kwanakin rikice-rikice da halayen firgita ga haɗari da rikice-rikice suna raguwa a hankali a baya. Daga kwata na ƙarshe na 2008, an sami cikakkiyar masaniyar cewa rikicin tattalin arzikin duniya zai yi tasiri ga yawon buɗe ido, wanda har yanzu ana ɗauka a matsayin wani aiki na tattalin arziki na hankali. Ko da yake hukumar kula da yawon bude ido ta Majalisar Dinkin Duniya (UNWTO) ya kafa kwamitocin ƙarfafa yawon shakatawa, duk sassan masana'antu suna neman su kasance masu juriya ta hanyarsu.

Babban kalubalen da masana'antar yawon bude ido ta duniya ke fuskanta a shekarar 2009 shi ne rikicin kudi na duniya. Gabaɗaya, masu zuwa yawon buɗe ido na duniya tsakanin Janairu da Agusta a duk duniya ya ragu da kashi 7 cikin ɗari a daidai wannan lokacin a cikin 2008 amma wannan ya ɓoye sauran raguwa da suka haɗa da kashe kuɗin kowane mutum da matafiya waɗanda ke ɗaukar gajeriyar tafiye-tafiye ta nisa da lokaci. Alamun daga UNWTO Shin an fara sake farfadowa a cikin rabin na biyu na 2009.

Waɗancan wurare da kasuwancin yawon buɗe ido da suka mai da hankali kan ƙima don samfuran kuɗi da araha sun haifar da rikicin kuɗin duniya (GFC) da kyau, tare da haɓaka haɓaka Afirka. Waɗancan wuraren da suka ɗauki kansu a matsayin cibiyoyin jin daɗi da jin daɗi sun fuskanci shekara mai wuyar gaske. Dubai ta kasance babban misali na karshen. Haɗin kai na buɗe kadarori da yawa a Dubai da aka kafa a saman ƙarshen kasuwar masauki a lokacin ƙarancin tattalin arziƙin tattalin arziƙin duniya ya zama haɗaɗɗiyar mai guba ga Dubai a cikin 2009. Dubai, Abu Dhabi da sauran ƙasashen Gulf yanzu suna aiwatar da haɓakar haɓakar ginin. Otal-otal masu tauraro 3 da 4 don yin kira ga kasuwar balaguro mai faɗi.

A cikin sashin sufurin jiragen sama an yanke shawarar matsawa kan buƙatu masu rahusa kuma yawancin kamfanonin jiragen sama masu cikakken sabis sun yi ƙoƙari su karya. Bukatar kujerun kujerun farko da na kasuwanci sun ragu a shekarar 2009, kodayake kamfanonin jiragen sama da suka gabatar da kujerun tattalin arziki masu kima sun sami karuwar buƙatun waɗannan musamman daga ɓangaren tafiye-tafiyen kasuwanci mai tsada. Manyan masu kashe kudi na gargajiya kan tafiye-tafiyen kasuwanci ciki har da ’yan kasuwa daga bangaren hada-hadar kudi sun kasance cikin bushewa da kuma kiyayyar jama'a da kafofin watsa labarai don rage kashe kudade yayin da yawancinsu a Turai da Arewacin Amurka ke aiki ga kasuwancin da masu biyan haraji ke ba da tallafi sosai. Ɗaya daga cikin mafi kyawun misalan kamfanin jirgin sama wanda ya kawar da guguwar tattalin arziki na 2009 shi ne mai ɗaukar kaya na Australiya Qantas, wanda ya faɗaɗa aikin samfurin Jetstar mai rahusa tare da rage ayyukansa na cikakken sabis na Qantas. alamar ɗauka. Qantas na ɗaya daga cikin manyan dillalan dillalai na ƙasa da ƙasa da suka ba da riba a shekarar 2009 duk da cewa bisa ga ƙa'idodinta ribar ba ta da yawa.

Cruising yana ɗaya daga cikin wurare masu haske a cikin yawon shakatawa a lokacin 2009. Cikakkiyar yanayin jadawalin kuɗin jirgin ruwa (wanda ya shafi masauki, sufuri, kan nishadi da abinci) ya haifar da haɓakar haɓakar balaguron balaguron balaguron balaguro gabaɗaya ga kasuwar balaguro. a cikin kewayon girma na alƙaluma.

Ƙarshen ƙarshen kasuwar masauki, gama gari tare da ƙimar ƙimar kasuwancin jirgin sama yana da shekara mai wahala a cikin 2009 kuma an sami matsin lamba mai yawa don yanke farashi da ragi a cikin otal-otal masu alatu. Yunkurin da ƙungiyar ta ACCOR ta yi cikin nasara a kan manyan otal-otal masu yawa ya tabbatar da kasancewa dabarun juriya sosai. A wannan yanayin, otal-otal na tsakiyar kewayon sun ba da tallafi ga samfuran ƙima masu wahala.

Yawon shakatawa a 2009 ya ci gaba da fuskantar barazanar ta'addanci. Harin bam da aka kai a otal din JW Marriott da ke Jakarta a watan Yulin shekara ta 2009 da wani dan kunar bakin wake, wanda ya kasance bako mai biyan kudi a otal din, ya fallasa wata sabuwar barazanar tsaro da ke damun otal-otal a duniya. 'Yan fashin teku da ke zaune a Somaliya marasa bin doka ba wai kawai sun yi barazanar jigilar kayayyaki ba ne har ma sun yi yunkurin kai hari kan jirgin ruwan fasinja. Jami'an tsaron jirgin sun dakile harin. A kowace hanyar haɗi a cikin sarkar yawon shakatawa, al'amuran tsaro sun kasance babban abin damuwa a lokacin 2009. Laifuka a cikin Caribbean da ake nufi da masu yawon bude ido wani lamari ne na musamman ga Trinidad da Tobago .Babban barazanar tsaro na yawon shakatawa na iya rasa kanun labarai da ke haifar da jini da lalata amma laifukan yanar gizo kuma ta'addanci na da yuwuwar yin barazana ga damar kuɗaɗen yawancin yawon shakatawa da kasuwancin baƙi waɗanda ba su da kariyar da suka dace.

Masifu na yanayi koyaushe za su kasance barazana ga yawon shakatawa. Tsunami da ta afku a ranar 28 ga watan Satumba da ta afku a kudancin tsibirin Samoan na Upolu da Samoa na kasar Amurka, ta haddasa barna mai yawa a wuraren shakatawar yawon bude ido da ke gabar teku tare da haddasa mutuwar akalla 'yan yawon bude ido goma daga cikin adadin wadanda suka mutu na 200 a Samoas biyu. Kamar yadda ya faru da Tsunami na Tekun Indiya a shekara ta 2004, an sake kunna wurin zaman lafiya na wuraren yawon shakatawa na bakin teku a matsayin wani babban al'amari na damuwa. Masana'antar yawon shakatawa ta Samoa tare da tallafi daga kungiyar tafiye tafiye ta Asiya ta Pacific ta yi gaggawar daukar matakin maido da kwarin gwiwa kan yawon bude ido tun bayan afkuwar igiyar ruwa.

A watan Oktoba, da UNWTO ya fitar da muhimman ayyuka guda biyu. Na farko shine sakin sabis ɗin gidan yanar gizon sa mai ban mamaki www.sos.travel wanda shine kyakkyawan kayan aikin kula da rikicin yawon shakatawa na duniya. Na biyu shi ne saki a cikin Tashkent na "Taswirar Farko don Farfadowa," wanda shine jagora don mayar da martani ga koma bayan tattalin arziki.

Canjin yanayi shine rikicin da ya mamaye masana'antar yawon shakatawa. Kamar yadda wannan marubucin ya ambata a cikin labarin eTN na baya-bayan nan, taron sauyin yanayi na Copenhagen na Disamba na 2009 ya gaza cimma burinsa na cimma yarjejeniya mai daure kai kan rage hayaki. Masana'antar yawon shakatawa ba ta da wani zaɓi don ci gaba da mayar da martani ga sauyin yanayi da raguwar hayaƙi ba tare da la'akari da sakamakon taron duniya ba.

Babban abin lura da za a iya yi shi ne, a cikin shekaru goma na farko na karni na 21, masana'antar yawon shakatawa da karbar baki ta duniya ta kara kware wajen tunkarar hadari da rikici. Daga manyan kungiyoyi da suka hada da UNWTO, Majalisar Balaguro da Balaguro ta Duniya da PATA zuwa yawon buɗe ido na ɗaiɗaiku da kasuwancin baƙi haɗarin da sarrafa rikice-rikice sun zama wani ɓangare na kayan aikin gudanarwa maimakon abubuwan da ke haifar da fargaba.

A shekara ta 2009, masana'antar yawon shakatawa ta fuskanci wasu ƙalubale masu tsanani amma ta fito daga wannan shekarar da ɗan yi musu katutu amma tana fuskantar 2010 tare da kwarin gwiwa a yawon buɗe ido ta fara farfadowa a hankali. Idan shekarar 2009 ta kasance shekarar juriyar yawon bude ido, 2010 za ta kasance shekarar farfado da yawon bude ido.

Mawallafin babban malami ne a fannin yawon shakatawa a Jami'ar Fasaha-Sydney