Kazalika rikon kungiyar da ke da'awar kafa daular Islama (IS) ta yi la'akari da shi a tsakiyar yankin Gabas ta Tsakiya, amma barazanar ta'addancin masu kishin Islama ta karu da kuma yaduwa.
Binciken abubuwan da suka faru ya nuna yawancin hare-haren masu kishin Islama har yanzu suna faruwa a Gabas ta Tsakiya da Arewacin Afirka (MENA), tare da aukuwa 2,273 tsakanin 30 Afrilu 2017 da 30 Afrilu 2018. Amma duk da kasancewar yankin da aka fi fama da shi, yawan hare-haren a yankin MENA ya kasance. yana raguwa.
Sabanin haka, Asiya Pasifik da Afirka sun kai adadin abubuwan da suka faru, ko da yake galibi ana kayyade barazanar ta yanki kuma ana iya kaucewa. Wasu ƙasashe na EU sun kasance suna ci gaba sosai a cikin 'yan shekarun nan.
Dalilai da dama ne suka haddasa hakan, da suka hada da daidaita ƙungiyoyin masu fafutuka na Islama a ƙarƙashin tutar IS, da komawar wasu mayakan IS yankunansu da kuma yanayin rigingimun cikin gida. Makomar mayakan IS yayin da kungiyar ke ci gaba da samun raguwar yankunan Iraki da Syria, lamari ne da ya cakude.
Yayin da wasu daga cikinsu suka gudu, an kashe da dama yayin da dukiyar kungiyar ta yi karanci. Yakin da aka yi a Kobane a shekarar 2015 ya gamu da koma baya na farko ga IS a lokacin da Amurka ta kai hare-hare ta sama ta kashe dubban mayakan IS. Yaƙe-yaƙen da suka biyo baya sun sami ƙarin hasarar rayuka da tashi. Ba a san adadi da makomar wadanda suka gudu ba.
Jihohi da dama sun yi yunkurin bin diddigin ‘yan kasar da suka je Syria da wadanda suka dawo. Ƙasashen yammacin duniya suna da ƙididdiga mafi aminci (Fig.1). Dole ne a ɗauka cewa adadin da ba a sani ba ya narke, ko dai ya koma gida ko kuma ya tafi wasu gidajen wasan kwaikwayo na tawaye. Yawan hare-haren masu tsattsauran ra'ayin Islama a sassan Afirka da Asiya-Pacific a cikin 2017 - 2018 ya nuna tashin gwauron zabi idan aka kwatanta da 2013, kafin bullar kungiyar IS a duniya.
Barazana daga ta'addancin Islama a cikin Amurka ya kasance gabaɗaya mara nauyi kuma yana bayyana a Arewacin Amurka. Hare-hare hudu ne kawai aka samu a shekarar 2017 kuma adadin hare-haren da ake kaiwa a kowace shekara bai taba wuce adadi guda ba. Duk da haka, shirye-shiryen samar da bindigogi a cikin Amurka yana haifar da yuwuwar mai yin duk wani dalili na kai harin da aka yi asarar jama'a kamar lamarin kulob na dare na Orlando na 2016 wanda mutane 49 suka mutu.
Duk da haka, yawan hare-haren masu kishin Islama yana da yawa. Bindigogi/bindigo shi ne mafi girman yanayin kai hari ga al'amuran ta'addanci a duniya (47%), sai kuma harin bama-bamai (IED) (21%) da kuma harin turmi (13%).
IS da mayakan da kungiyar ke zaburarwa sun banbanta kansu da mafi yawan masu aikata ta'addanci ta hanyar son haddasa asarar rayukan bil'adama, galibi da yawa.
Suna kai wa fararen hula hari ba kakkautawa, galibi a wuraren taruwar jama'a, suna kai hari kan jami'an tsaro da kadarorin sojoji. Duban kowane nau'in ayyukan ta'addanci, gwamnati, sojoji da jami'an tsaro da cibiyoyinsu galibi manyan jerin sunayen da ake hari a duniya. Kasuwanci da tituna (motoci da ababen more rayuwa) sune ke kan gaba a jerin sassan farar hula da ta'addancin ya shafa - kai tsaye ko ta hanyar barna - saboda kusan ko'ina, da kuma yawaitar bama-bamai da ke gefen titi a wasu yankuna.
A cikin Tarayyar Turai, masu tsattsauran ra'ayin Islama sun fi kai hare-hare a Faransa, Spain, da Burtaniya tare da kai hare-hare kan motoci a wuraren taruwar jama'a a matsayin dabara mafi yawa, kamar abin da ya faru a yankin Las Ramblas na Barcelona, Spain, wanda ya kashe mutane 14 da kuma sun raunata wasu 120.
An kai wani babban harin kunar bakin wake a filin wasa na Manchester Arena na kasar Birtaniya a cikin watan Mayun 2017, inda ya kashe mutane 22 tare da raunata 64. Galibin hare-haren masu tsattsauran ra'ayin Islama a cikin Tarayyar Turai sun shafi wuraren shakatawa da karbar baki da wuraren jama'a da 'yan yawon bude ido ke shiga. Har ila yau an yi rikodin hare-haren da suka shafi layin dogo/jama'a, musamman fashewar wani abu a kan layin dogo kusa da tashar Parsons Green, London, a watan Satumba wanda ya raunata mutane 30, da kuma wani hari da aka kai a Babban tashar jiragen ruwa na Brussels a watan Yuni inda biyu low. -An samu tashin bama-bamai ba tare da hasarar rayuka ba kuma wani mutum da ke kokarin tayar da bam din da aka sanya a cikin akwati jami'an tsaro sun harbe shi har lahira.
A yankin Asiya da tekun Pasifik, galibin hare-haren da masu kaifin kishin Islama ke kaiwa kan jami'an tsaro da kadarorin soji. Kadan kawai yana da tasiri kai tsaye ko na bazata akan kasuwanci. Yawancin waɗannan suna shafar ababen more rayuwa da ababen hawa, sannan ilimi (makarantu, jami'o'i, cibiyoyin karatu) da kadarorin dillalai. Abubuwan da suka faru da ke tasiri a fannin sufurin jiragen sama (wanda ke faruwa galibi a Afghanistan) gabaɗaya suna kaiwa sansanonin soji a filayen tashi da saukar jiragen sama, tare da tasiri kai tsaye kan kasuwanci. Wani abin lura shi ne harin roka da mayakan Taliban suka kai a filin jirgin saman Hamid Karzai da ke birnin Kabul a watan Yulin 2017 wanda ya kashe akalla mutum guda tare da dakile harkokin kasuwanci. Galibin hare-haren da masu kaifin kishin Islama ke kaiwa a nahiyar Afirka kuma suna shafar ababen hawa da ababen more rayuwa kamar gadoji, musamman a Najeriya, Mali, Kenya da Somaliya.
Bangaren karbar baki ya zo a matsayi na biyu (tare da yawancin abubuwan da suka faru a Somaliya da Mali), sai kuma tallace-tallace. Wani abin lura shi ne wani harin da aka kai a wurin shakatawa na Le Campement, Bamako, Mali, a watan Yunin 2017, inda masu tada kayar baya suka kashe mutane biyar tare da raunata 12, yayin da suka yi garkuwa da wasu 32. An kai hari kan kadarorin jiragen sama a Somalia da Mali. Hare-haren ta'addanci na masu kishin Islama a Amurka sun faru ne kawai a Amurka da Kanada. An kai hare-hare a tashar bas ta tashar jiragen ruwa da ke birnin New York a watan Disambar 2017, inda wani mutum ya raunata mutane uku da bam na gida; hanyar keke a Manhattan, birnin New York, inda wani mutum ya tuka wata babbar mota cikin masu keke da gudu a watan Oktoban 2017, inda ya kashe mutane takwas tare da raunata wasu 12; da wuraren masu tafiya a kafa a Edmonton, Alberta, a watan Satumban 2017, inda mutane shida suka samu raunuka.
Tushen: Haɗarin Sarrafa
