Matafiya da ke cikin damuwa saboda tashin jiragen sama, soke tashin jirage, da cunkoson kwalta suna jin wani dalili na sake yin la'akari da balaguron jirgin.
Wasu sun ce ba shi da da'a don tashi.
A farkon wannan watan, unguwanni da masu fafutukar kare muhalli sun gudanar da al'amura a duk faɗin Biritaniya don nuna damuwa game da zirga-zirgar jiragen sama na kasuwanci. Bayar da abin rufe fuska na Firayim Minista Gordon Brown da kuma girgiza jiragen saman kwali, sun yi kira ga gwamnati da ta ci gaba da bin diddigin iskar carbon daga jirage tare da kara kudade don hana zirga-zirgar jiragen sama akai-akai.
Bayan wannan aikin yana tattare da hujjar da ta dogara da ɗabi'a wacce ke ƙoƙarin kunyata masu jigilar kaya na yau da kullun a cikin ƙasashen da suka ci gaba su tashi ƙasa. Nub: Duniya bai kamata ta sha wahala sakamakon masana'antar balaguron balaguro cikin sauri ba (idan yanzu tana cikin damuwa). Don haka, gardamar ta tafi, mabukaci mai ɗa'a yakamata yayi tunani sau biyu kafin siyan tikitin jirgin sama.
"Idan za mu rage gudumawar da jiragen sama ke bayarwa wajen sauyin yanayi, to wajibi ne a kan mutane a duniya masu arziki su kalli yadda suke shawagi," in ji John Stewart, shugaban kungiyar ta filin jirgin sama Watch, wata gamayyar kasa da kasa da ke Biritaniya don hana tashi da saukar jiragen sama. fadada. Hakan ya faru ne saboda galibin faifan bidiyo ba sa rayuwa a ƙasashe masu tasowa, in ji shi.
Ƙididdiga don haɓakar haɓakar tafiye-tafiyen jirgin sama na haifar da muhawarar ɗabi'a a yau. Hukumar kula da yawon bude ido ta duniya ta yi hasashen adadin matafiya na shakatawa na kasa da kasa zuwa kusan ninki biyu daga miliyan 842 a shekarar 2006 zuwa biliyan 1.6 a shekarar 2020. Yawancin matafiya ana sa ran za su tafi ta jirgin sama.
Kimiyya bai sa batun ɗa'a ya huta ba. Fitar da jiragen sama a halin yanzu ya kai kusan kashi 3 cikin 20 na hayaki mai gurbata muhalli a duniya, a cewar Daniel Sperling, darektan Cibiyar Nazarin Sufuri a Jami’ar California, Davis. Ya ce hawan jirgin kasa a fadin Amurka yana haifar da karancin hayaki da kashi 66 cikin XNUMX idan aka kwatanta da matsakaicin jirgin da ke ketarawa. Amma yin tafiye-tafiye a cikin mota kawai zai samar da kusan kashi XNUMX na karin carbon a kowane mil fasinja fiye da matsakaicin jirgi.
Wannan tashi yana da illa ga muhalli an yarda da shi sosai. Muhawarar ɗa'a ta ta'allaka ne a maimakon irin waɗannan tambayoyi kamar: Nawa lalacewa ke karɓa? Yaushe jirgin ya dace? Kuma yaushe ne amfanin mu’amalar al’adu, wanda zai yiwu ta hanyar tashi sama, ya zarce tsadar da muhalli ke kashewa da wadanda ke zaune kusa da titin jirgin?
Hukumomin ɗabi'a iri-iri sun yi la'akari. A cikin 2006, Bishop na Anglican na Landan John Chartres ya ce tashi zuwa ƙasashen waje don hutu "alama ce ta zunubi" domin ta yi watsi da "wajibi mai mahimmanci don tafiya da sauƙi a duniya." Masana muhalli kuma sun tsara tashi a matsayin wani lamari na ɗabi'a tun lokacin da ake zargin yana haifar da lahani don biyan buƙatun da ba dole ba. Elle Morrell, darektan salon rayuwar kore ya ce "Kuna iya zama tsarkakan muhalli - tuƙi mota mai haɗaka, sake sarrafa, adana ruwan ku - kuma idan kun ɗauki jirgin sama guda ɗaya, hakika yana busa kasafin kuɗin carbon ɗinku daga cikin ruwa." shirin a Gidauniyar Conservation Foundation ta Australiya. Ta ce jirgi daya na tafiya zagaye daya daga Sydney zuwa birnin New York, yana samar da iskar carbon-dioxide ga kowane fasinja kamar yadda matsakaitan Australiya ke haifarwa a cikin tsawon shekara guda.
Ms. Morrell ta ce "Muna rokon mutane da su dauki wannan da muhimmanci, kuma su guji tafiye-tafiye ta jirgin sama inda za su iya."
Dangane da hasashen zagi, masana'antar jirgin sama na ja da baya. Ƙungiyar Sufurin Jiragen Sama, ƙungiyar kasuwanci ce wadda membobinta suka haɗa da mafi yawan kamfanonin jigilar kayayyaki na Amurka, ta ce masana'antar na ci gaba da inganta ingantaccen mai da rage hayaniya. Kuma daukar wasu mutane miliyan 11.4 aiki na iya samun wasu darajar da'a a kansa, in ji kakakin ATA David Castelveter. "Shin zai zama shawara mai ma'ana ko mai amfani don ba da shawarar cewa mutane su tashi ƙasa kaɗan, idan aka yi la'akari da yawan ayyuka da ayyukan tattalin arziƙin da masana'antar ta jirgin ke gudanarwa?" Mista Castelveter ya ce. "Mun ce amsar ita ce, 'A'a. Ba mu damar ci gaba da mai da hankali kan hanyoyin rage hayaki.' ”
Kamfanonin jiragen sama ba su kaɗai ba ne wajen yin shari'ar tushen da'a don tashi. Wata mai karewa ita ce Martha Honey, babban darektan Cibiyar Harkokin Kasuwanci da Ci gaba mai dorewa, wata kungiyar bincike ta Washington, DC. Ta lura cewa abubuwan da aka adana a cikin ƙasashe masu tasowa da yawa za su iya ci gaba da ayyukansu kawai tare da tallafi daga baƙi na kasashen waje da suka tashi zuwa can.
“Daga cikin duk abin da ya shafi yawon bude ido, tafiye-tafiyen jirgin sama ya fi yin barna ta fuskar sauyin yanayi. Wannan gaskiya ne, "in ji Ms. Honey. “Amma motsi a Turai yana cewa, 'Ku zauna a gida; kar a hau jirgi' bala'i ne ga kasashe matalauta ... wadanda mafi mahimmancin tushen samun kudin shiga daga yawon bude ido ne. Hakanan bala'i ne a gare mu a matsayinmu na ƴan adam rashin tafiya mu ga duniya. Tambayar ita ce, 'Yaya kuke yi, kuma ku yi shi da wayo?' ”
Zuma yana ba da shawarar ɗaukar wasu matakai don rage tasirin yanayi. Da zarar sun isa wurin, ta ce matafiya za su iya zaɓar hanyar sufurin ƙasa mai amfani da makamashi. Hakanan za su iya siyan abubuwan kashe carbon, wanda yawanci ke tallafawa ko dai shirye-shiryen shuka bishiyu ko madadin makamashi, a yunƙurin kawar da tasirin muhalli na tafiye-tafiyensu.
Wasu masu ba da shawara don tafiye-tafiye masu alhakin, duk da haka, suna tunatar da masu watsa shirye-shiryen cewa kashe-kashe ba su da kyau kuma suna cire carbon da ke haifar da jaunts.
Tricia Barnett, darektan kula da yawon bude ido, wata kungiya mai fafutuka a Biritaniya ta ce "Ana amfani da kashe-kashe da yawa a matsayin kayan aikin ciniki [tare da lamiri] a ce 'Hey, Zan iya tashi, dole ne in tashi.' da muhallin da balaguro ya shafa. "Wannan ba lallai ba ne mafita." Ta ƙarfafa masu talla su ma su ƙara yin ƙoƙari kan tafiye-tafiyen su don cin abinci na gida, amfani da jigilar jama'a, da iyakance amfani da ruwa.
A Cibiyar Yanayi, wata ƙungiya mai tushe a Washington, DC ta mai da hankali kan hanyoyin magance sauyin yanayi, Darakta John Topping yana jin cewa ba shi da buƙatar sa masu talla su ji laifi. Yana ganin kasuwa ta riga ta motsa wasu halaye waɗanda ke sauƙaƙe matsin lamba kan sauyin yanayi. Matafiya na kasuwanci suna adana kuɗi ta hanyar gudanar da tarurrukan kama-da-wane, in ji shi, kuma masu jigilar ɗan gajeren lokaci suna gano cewa wani lokaci suna iya kashe lokaci da kuɗi a kan tafiye-tafiye ta hanyar hawan bas da kuma guje wa filayen jirgin sama. Da yake duban gaba, kamfanonin jiragen sama na Virgin Atlantic suna binciken yadda ake amfani da man fetur a cikin jiragen sama. A halin yanzu, fliers suna iyakance ga waɗanda ke amfani da makamashin jet na tushen mai.
Amma tun da yake Amurkawa gabaɗaya suna tuƙi motoci fiye da yadda suke tashi, wasu masu ba da shawara sun ba da shawarar cewa su gyara halayensu da farko.
Julia Bovey, darektan sadarwar gwamnatin tarayya na Majalisar Tsaron Albarkatun Kasa, ta tambayi "Menene dalilin rashin yin jirgi, idan kuna tuƙi don yin aiki kowace rana a cikin motar da ta kai mil 12 zuwa galan?"
csmonitor.com
