Sanya fansa a cikin Babu Jirgin Jirgin Sama: Shin jami'an tarayya suna da alhaki da kansu?

A cikin dokar dokar tafiye tafiyen wannan makon, mun bincika batun Tanvir v. Tanzin, Doket No. 16-1176 (2d. Cir. May 2, 2018) “korafin da ake zargi, tsakaninka da juna, cewa a cikin ramuwar gayya ga masu shigar da ƙara sun ƙi yin aiki a matsayin masu ba da bayanai, jami'an tarayya sun sanya ko kuma sun rike sunayen masu shigar da kara a kan 'Babu Jirgin tashi', wanda hakan ya take hakkin masu shigar da kara a karkashin Kwaskwarimar Farko da Dokar Maido da 'Yancin Addini, 42 USC 2000bb et seq. (RFRA). Korafin ya nemi (1) bayar da umarni da sanarwa a kan dukkan wadanda ake tuhuma a matsayinsu na hukuma game da wasu dokokin tsarin mulki da na doka, da kuma (2) diyya da biyan diyya daga jami'an tsaro na tarayya a matsayinsu na take hakkokinsu a karkashin Kwaskwarimar Farko. da RFRA… Kamar yadda ya dace a nan, kotun gundumar ta ce RFRA ba ta ba da izinin dawo da asarar kudi a kan jami'an gwamnatin tarayya da aka shigar da kara a matsayinsu na mutum daya ba. Masu shigar da ƙara suna roƙon ƙudurin RFRA kawai. Saboda ba mu yarda da kotun gundumar ba kuma mun amince cewa RFRA ta ba wa mai shigar da kara damar karbar diyyar kudi a kan jami'an gwamnatin tarayya da suka shigar da kara a gaban kansu saboda keta dokokin kariya na RFRA, sai muka sauya hukuncin kotun yankin ”.

A shari’ar Tanvir, Kotun ta lura cewa “Masu shigar da kara mazajen Muslin ne da ke zaune a New York ko Connecticut. Kowannensu an haife shi ne a ƙasar waje, ya yi ƙaura zuwa Amurka a farkon rayuwarsa, kuma yanzu an gabatar da shi bisa doka a matsayin ko dai ɗan ƙasar Amurka ko a matsayin mazaunin dindindin. Kowannensu yana da dangin da suka rage a ƙasashen ƙetare. Masu shigar da kara sun tabbatar da cewa wakilan tarayya sun tuntube su kuma sun nemi su yi wa FBI bayani. Musamman, an nemi masu shigar da kara da su tattara bayanai kan membobin al'ummomin Musulmi su kai rahoton ga FBI. A wasu lokuta, bukatar FBI ta kasance tare da matsin lamba mai tsanani, gami da barazanar kora ko kamewa; a wasu, buƙatar ta kasance tare da alkawuran kuɗi da sauran taimako. Ba tare da la'akari ba, Masu shigar da kara sun ƙi amincewa da waɗannan buƙatun da aka maimaita, aƙalla ɓangare bisa ga imanin imaninsu na gaskiya.

Hukuncin Rashin Sanarwa

Dangane da wannan ƙin yarda, wakilan tarayya suka ci gaba da gabatar da masu gabatar da ƙara a kan 'Babu Jirgin Jirgin Sama' duk da cewa Masu shigar da kara 'ba sa yin [], ha [ve] ba su taɓa gabatarwa ba kuma ba a taɓa tuhumar su da yin ba, barazana zuwa lafiyar jirgin sama '. Dangane da korafin, masu shigar da kara sun tilasta wa masu shigar da kara zabin da ba zai yiwu ba tsakanin, a wani bangare, yin biyayya ga imaninsu na gaskiya da kuma fuskantar hukuncin sakawa ko riƙewa a cikin No Fly List, ko kuma a gefe guda, ya keta su masu imani da addini da gaske don kaucewa sanya su cikin Lissafin Babu Fly ko don amintar da cirewa daga cikin Babu Jirgin Jirgin '.

Lalacewa

“Masu shigar da kara sun yi zargin cewa wannan matsalar ta sanya wani nauyi a kansu a kan gudanar da addininsu. Ari ga haka, abubuwan da waɗanda ake tuhumar suka yi ya sa masu shigar da ƙara sun sha wahala na baƙin ciki, lahani na mutunci, da asarar tattalin arziki. Sakamakon ayyukan wadanda ake kara da sanyawa da kuma shigar da karar Masu shigar da kara a cikin 'Babu Jirgin Jirgin Sama', an hana masu shigar da karar yin shawagi na tsawon shekaru. Irin wannan haramcin ya hana masu shigar da kara ziyarar 'yan uwansu da ke kasashen ketare, ya sa masu shigar da karar suka yi asarar kudin da suka biya na tikitin jirgin sama, kuma hakan ya kawo cikas ga damar da masu shigar da karar suka samu na yin tafiya aiki.

Lissafin "Babu Jirgin Tashi"

“A kokarin tabbatar da tsaron jirgin sama, Majalisar ta umarci Hukumar Kula da Tsaro ta Sufuri (TSA) da ta kafa hanyoyin da za a bi wajen sanar da jami’an da suka dace kan ainihin mutanen da aka san su da shiryawa, ko kuma wadanda ake zargi da gabatar da su, barazanar satar fasaha ta iska ko ta’addanci ko barazana zuwa jirgin sama ko lafiyar fasinjoji '. An kuma umarci TSA da ta 'yi amfani da duk bayanan da suka dace a cikin hadadden tsarin' yan ta'adda da Gwamnatin Tarayya ta kula da su 'don gudanar da aikin tantance fasinjoji…' Babu Jirgin Layi 'yana daya daga cikin irin wadannan' yan ta'addan kuma suna daga cikin bayanai mafi girma Cibiyar Nazarin 'Yan Ta'adda (TSC) ta haɓaka kuma ta kiyaye, wanda FBI ke gudanarwa. Bayanan bayanan na TSC ya kunshi bayanai game da mutanen da aka sani ko kuma ake zargi da hannu a ayyukan ta'addanci. TSC ta raba sunayen mutane a cikin 'Babu Jirgin Layi' tare da hukumomin karfafa doka na tarayya da na jihohi, da TSA, da wakilan jiragen sama da kuma hadin gwiwar gwamnatocin kasashen waje ”.

Paa'idodi da Ma'anar Bayanai

“Masu shigar da kara sun yi iƙirarin cewa wakilan tarayya da aka ambata a cikin ƙararrakin da aka yiwa kwaskwarima‘ sun yi amfani da mawuyacin nauyi da Lissafin Babu Fly ya ɗora, yanayin ɓatancinsa da ƙa’idojin da ba a bayyana ba, da kuma rashin bin hanyoyin da za a bi, a ƙoƙarin tilasta wa waɗanda suka shigar da ƙara su zama masu bayani a cikin al'ummomin Musulminsu na Amurka da wuraren ibada. Lokacin da aka ƙi amincewa, wakilan tarayya 'sun rama akan Masu shigar da kara ta hanyar sanya su ko riƙe su a cikin Babu Jirgin Jirgin Sama' '.

Dokar Da Aka Mayar Da 'Yancin Addinai

“RFRA ta bayar da cewa 'Gwamnati ba za ta ɗora wa mutum nauyin addini ba koda kuwa nauyin ya samo asali ne daga dokar ƙa'idar aiki' sai dai idan 'Gwamnati' na iya 'nuna [] wannan aiki na ɗaukar nauyi ga mutum- (1) yana cikin ci gaba da sha'awar gwamnati mai tilastawa; kuma (2) ita ce mafi ƙarancin hanyar da za a bi don ci gaba da tilasta sha'awar gwamnati '… Masu shigar da kara na RFRA don' samin sassaucin da ya dace da gwamnati… kuma ba a haɗa da 'bayyana [] indicat [ion]' ba cewa tana ba da umarnin dawo da asarar kuɗi… Dangane da manufar RFRA na samar da cikakkun kariya ga 'yancin addini… muna ganin cewa RFRA tana ba da izinin kwato kudaden da aka yi wa jami'an gwamnatin tarayya da aka shigar da kara a kansu.

Ingantaccen rigakafi

“Bayan mun tabbatar da cewa RFRA ta ba da izini ga mai gabatar da kara ya shigar da kara ga jami’an gwamnatin tarayya a kan damar da suke da ita na barnar kudi, mun yi la’akari da cewa ya kamata wadancan jami’an su sami kariya daga cancantar kariya… A nan, hukuncin kotun gundumar da ke kasa bai yi magana ba ko wadanda ake tuhumar suna da damar samun kariyar da ta dace… Idan babu rikodin rikodin, zamu ƙi magancewa a matakin farko ko waɗanda ake zargi suna da damar samun kariyar da ta dace. Mun tura zuwa kotun gundumar da ta yi irin wannan azamar a matakin farko ”.

Patricia & Thomas Dickerson

Marubucin, Thomas A. Dickerson, ya mutu ne a ranar 26 ga Yulin, 2018 yana da shekara 74. Ta hanyar alherin dangin sa, eTurboNews ana ba shi damar raba abubuwan da muke da su a kan fayil wanda ya aiko mana don bugawa a mako-mako.

Hon. Dickerson ya yi ritaya a matsayin Mataimakin Alkalin Kotun daukaka kara, Sashi na biyu na Kotun Koli ta Jihar New York kuma ya yi rubutu game da Dokar Balaguro na tsawon shekaru 42 gami da litattafan da yake sabuntawa na shekara-shekara, Dokar Tafiya, Lauyan Jarida (2018), Litigating International Torts in Kotunan Amurka, Thomson Reuters WestLaw (2018), Ayyuka na Aji: Dokar jihohin 50, Law Journal Press (2018), da sama da labaran doka 500 da yawa daga cikinsu ana samunsu a www.nycourts.gov/courts/9jd/taxcertatd.shtml . Don ƙarin labarai na dokar tafiya da ci gaba, musamman a cikin membobin membobin EU, duba www.IFTTA.org