Tsawon shekaru da yawa Everest, dutse mafi tsayi a duniya, ya ja hankalin masu neman farin ciki da masu hawan dutse da yawa waɗanda ke yunƙurin tura iyakokinsu a kan mafi girman cikas. Abin takaici, ya kuma zama wurin hutawa na ƙarshe ga mutane da yawa. Da kuma shararsu.
Ana kiransa da 'Tuntun shara' a cikin shekara ta 2000. Everest yanzu ya zama abin tunatarwa kan irin barnar da bil'adama ta yi wa muhalli, kamar yadda jami'ai a yankin suka nuna damuwa kan halin da ake ciki a yanzu.
Dutsen Everest, wanda aka fi sani da ɗaya daga cikin wuraren da ba a taɓa taɓa shi ba, kuma fitattun wurare a duniya, da rashin alheri ya rikiɗe zuwa wani babban juji.
Wannan mawuyacin hali ya taso ne daga ƙalubalen da ake ta fama da shi na ɗaukar kwararowar hawan haƙora, wanda yawancinsu ba sa kula da nauyin da ke kansu na kula da tsafta. Lamarin dai ya tabarbare ta yadda a yanzu iskar ta gurbata da warin najasa yayin da dusar kankarar ta fara narkewa.
Dutsen Everest, yana tsaye a tsayin ƙafa 29,032, yana kan iyaka tsakanin Nepal da Tibet. Lokacin hawan wannan dutse mai ban sha'awa yana faruwa a cikin Afrilu da Mayu, tare da lokacin watanni biyu da ba a san shi ba a cikin Satumba. Akwai sansanonin tushe guda biyu don masu hawan hawa, ɗayan ana samun dama daga North Ridge ɗayan kuma daga Kudu maso Gabas Ridge. Kafin kai ga taron, akwai ƙarin sansani guda uku: Camp 2 a ƙafa 21,300, Camp 3 a ƙafa 23,950, da Camp 4 a ƙafa 26,000.
Kimanin masu hawa 500 ne ke gudanar da tafiya mai wahala don isa taron kowace shekara. A cikin shekara ta 2023, Nepal ta ba da jimillar izni 478 ga masu hawan dutsen da ke da niyyar cinye Dutsen Everest. Daga cikin izini 209 da aka ware don Afrilu 2024, an ba 44 ga masu hawan dutse daga Amurka, 22 ga masu hawan dutse daga China, 17 ga masu hawan dutse daga Japan, 16 ga masu hawan dutse daga Rasha, 13 ga masu hawan dutse daga Burtaniya.
Tun daga wannan shekara, masu hawan dutse daga ko'ina cikin duniya waɗanda ke da niyyar cin nasara a kan dutsen mai daraja za su buƙaci su sami jakar bayan gida a sansanin tushe kuma su kai ta zuwa taron koli. Bayan saukarsu, wajibi ne su mika jakar tare da shararsu.
Gundumar karkara, wacce ke da iko a kan Dutsen Everest, ta aiwatar da sabuwar doka ga masu hawan dutse a bana don kula da tsafta a kan dutsen.
Shugaban karamar hukumar Khumbu Pasang Lhamu, Mingma Chhiri Sherpa, ya ce "Sharar dan adam, kamar fitsari da najasa, na haifar da gurbacewar yanayi, don haka muna ba wa masu hawan dutse jakunkuna don kare tsaunin Everest da yankunan Himalayan da ke kewaye."
Batun sarrafa sharar jama'a a yankin Himalayas na kara ta'azzara, musamman a yankin Everest. Tare da karuwa a cikin ayyukan ɗan adam, tarin fitsari da najasa ya zama matsala mai tsayi. A lokacin hawan hawan na kwanaki 45, daruruwan mutane suna zama a sansanin Everest Base ba tare da ingantattun kayan bayan gida ba, wanda ke kara tsananta kalubalen zubar da shara.
Kwamitin kula da gurbatar yanayi na Sagarmatha ya bayar da rahoton cewa, a lokacin bazara, kusan masu hawa 350 sun ziyarci sansanin sansanin kuma suna barin tan 70 na sharar gida. Wannan sharar ta ƙunshi tan 15-20 na sharar ɗan adam, tan 20-25 na robobi da takarda, da tan 15-20 na sharar dafa abinci.
