Shin Boeing bashi da laifi ko ma yafi laifi akan B737 Max 8

Zai yiwu Habasha Airlines yayi karya kuma saboda haka baza'a yarda dashi ba bayan ɗaruruwan rayuka da suka salwanta. Waɗannan su ne kalmomin da wani mai fallasa bayanan sirri kuma tsohon ma'aikacin kamfanin jirgin sama na Ethiopian Airlines wanda yanzu yake zaune a babban birnin Boeing Seattle, Amurka da ke zaune a Amurka a cikin mafaka. Batun yana da mahimmanci ba kawai ga Boeing ba, har ma ga tattalin arzikin Amurka, da ba da mafaka daga Habasha mafaka galibi hanya ce mai wahala.

Akwai kamfanin jiragen sama na Habasha, amma akwai na kamfanin Air Force na Indonesiya. Wani rahoto da kamfanin dillacin labarai na Associated Press ya wallafa ya yi zargin cewa mai laifin a nan na iya kasancewa ba Boeing ba ne kawai amma ya fi kamfanin jirgin sama na Ethiopian Alliance.

Unionungiyar kamfanin jirgin sama na Kudu maso Yamma sun shigar da karar Boeing a ranar Litinin a Dallas County, Texas, Kotun Gunduma. Piungiyar matukan jirgi ta Kudu maso Yamma, ko SWAPA, ta ce mambobinta sun sanya hannu kan tashi sabbin jiragen saboda Boeing Co. ya gaya musu cewa suna da iska kuma “ainihin daidai yake da jirgi 737 da aka gwada lokaci-lokaci waɗanda matukansa suka yi tafiyar shekara da shekaru.” "Waɗannan wakilan ba su da gaskiya," in ji ƙungiyar. Sakamakon dakatar da shi, Kudu maso Yamma - babban kwastoman kamfanin 737 Max - ya soke sama da jirage 30,000 da aka shirya, wanda hakan ya jawo wa matukan jirgin sama da dala miliyan 100 a matsayin biya, in ji karar.

Kamfanin jirgin sama na Ethiopian Airlines yana daya daga cikin kamfanonin jiragen sama masu saurin habaka a Afirka kuma yana da asara mai yawa. Kamfanin jirgin saman yana aiki da ɗayan cibiyoyin horo na matuƙar matuƙan jirgin sama kuma ana ganin shi a matsayin samfurin aminci da horo.

Baƙon Habasha na iya zama gwarzo, amma kuma yana da abubuwa da yawa da zai samu, mafaka a Amurka ta Amurka. Sauran hujja ita ce: Ga Yeshanew mai shekaru 39, yanke shawarar zama mai fallasa ya zo da tsada. Zai bar dangi da aiki a kamfanin jirgin sama na Habasha wanda ya kira shi "burin rayuwata," wanda ke da daraja da kuma albashi mai tsoka da zai sayi gida mai hawa uku. Ba shi da tabbacin irin aikin da zai iya samu a Amurka, ko kuma ma za a ba shi mafaka.

Ya taƙaita dalilin da ya sa ya yi magana: "Dole ne in bayyana gaskiya, gaskiyar ga duniya don a daidaita kamfanin jirgin sama," in ji shi, "saboda ba zai iya ci gaba kamar yadda yake yi a yanzu ba."

Ga sauran labarin da AP ta buga a yau:

Tsohon babban injiniyan kamfanin jirgin saman na Ethiopian Airlines ya ce a cikin wani korafin da aka gabatar ga masu kula da kamfanin cewa kamfanin ya shiga bayanan kulawa a cikin jirgin Boeing 737 Max kwana daya bayan faduwarsa a wannan shekarar, karya dokar da ya yi ikirarin na daga cikin tsarin cin hanci da rashawa wanda ya hada da kirkirar karya takardu, sa hannu a kan gyare-gyare marasa kyau har ma da doke waɗanda suka fita daga layi.

Yonas Yeshanew, wanda ya yi murabus a wannan bazarar kuma yana neman mafaka a Amurka, ya ce yayin da ba a san abin da ba, idan wani abu, a cikin bayanan da aka canza, yanke shawarar shiga cikinsu gaba daya lokacin da ya kamata a sanya su hatimin ya nuna wata gwamnati- mallakar kamfanin jirgin sama tare da iyakoki da yawa da yawa don ɓoyewa.

Yeshanew ya ce a cikin rahoton nasa, wanda ya baiwa kamfanin dillacin labarai na Associated Press bayan ya aike da shi a watan da ya gabata zuwa kamfanin jiragen sama na Amurka. Gudanarwa da sauran hukumomin tsaro na sama na duniya.

Sanarwar da Yeshanew ya yi game da ayyukan kula da Habasha, tare da goyon bayan wasu tsoffin ma'aikata guda uku da suka yi magana da AP, ya sanya shi ya zama sabon muryar da ke kira ga masu binciken da su yi la’akari da abubuwan da ke tattare da dan Adam a cikin Max saga ba wai kawai su mai da hankali kan tsarin Boeing ba. wanda aka zargi a cikin hadarurruka biyu a cikin watanni huɗu.

Ba abin da ya faru ba ne, in ji shi, cewa Habasha ya ga ɗayan jirgin Max dinta ya sauka yayin da wasu kamfanonin jiragen sama da yawa da ke tuka jirgin ba su sha wahala irin wannan ba.

Kamfanin jirgin sama na Ethiopian Airlines ya nuna Yeshanew a matsayin tsohon ma'aikaci wanda ya fusata kuma ya musanta zargin da ake yi masa, wanda hakan ya haifar da mummunan ra'ayi game da yadda kamfanin ke kallon daya daga cikin kamfanonin Afirka da suka yi nasara kuma abin alfahari ne na kasa.

Yeshanew ya yi zargin a cikin rahotonsa da hirarrakin da ya yi da AP cewa dan Habasha yana girma cikin sauri kuma yana fafutikar kiyaye jirage a sararin samaniya a yanzu da yake dauke da fasinjoji miliyan 11 a shekara, ninki hudu na abin da yake sarrafawa shekaru goma da suka gabata, gami da jiragen zuwa Los Angeles Chicago, Washington da Newark, New Jersey. Ya ce makanikai sun yi aiki da yawa kuma an matsa su don su ga gajerun hanyoyi don a tsabtace jirage domin tashi, yayin da matukan jirgi ke tashi a kan dan karamin hutu kuma bai isa horo ba.

Kuma ya samar da binciken FAA daga shekaru uku da suka gabata wanda ya gano, a tsakanin wasu matsaloli masu yawa, cewa kusan dukkanin injiniyoyi 82, masu dubawa da masu dubawa waɗanda aka duba fayilolin basu da ƙarancin buƙatun yin ayyukansu.

Yeshanew ya hada da sakonnin email da ke nuna ya bukaci manyan shugabannin kamfanin na tsawon shekaru da su daina aiki a kamfanin jirgin sama na sanya hannu kan ayyukan gyara da gyara wanda ya ce an yi su ba daidai ba, ba daidai ba ko kuma a'a. Ya ce ya kara kaimi a kokarin da yake yi biyo bayan hatsarin jirgin sama kirar Lion Air Boeing 29 Max a Indonesia wanda ya kashe dukkan mutane 2018 da ke cikin jirgin. Daya daga cikin imel din Yeshanew da ya aike wa shugaban kamfanin Tewolde Gebremariam ya bukace shi da ya “shiga tsakani” da kansa don dakatar da makanikai daga bata bayanan.

Ba a yi watsi da waɗannan roƙo ba, in ji shi. Kuma bayan 10 ga Maris, 2019, hatsarin jirgin da wani jirgin Habasha kirar Boeing 737 Max ya yi a wajen Addis Ababa wanda ya kashe dukkan mutane 157 da ke cikin jirgin, Yeshanew ya ce a bayyane yake tunanin bai canza ba.

Yeshanew ya ce a cikin hirar da aka yi da shi cewa, washegari bayan hatsarin, Babban Jami'in Harkokin Gudanarwa na Habasha, Mesfin Tasew ya fito karara ya ce za a iya zargin kamfanin jirgin saboda kiyaye lamuransa da kuma "karya doka," kuma ya ba da umarnin a rubuta bayanan a kan jirgin Max din da ya fadi. an bincika "kuskure."

"Muna rokon Allah kada wannan ya nuna kuskurenmu," Yeshanew ya nakalto COO yana cewa.

A wannan rana, Yeshanew ya ce a cikin rahoton nasa, wani ya shiga cikin tsarin rikodin na’ura mai kwakwalwa, musamman a kan bayanai daga jirgin da ya fadi wanda ya yi bayani dalla-dalla game da matsalar kula da jirgin - “birgima zuwa dama” - cewa matuka jirgin sun bayar da rahoto uku watannin baya. Yeshanew ya sanya a cikin rahotonsa wani hoton hoton shugabanci na bayanan bayanan da suka shafi matsalar wanda ya nuna shigar karshe da aka buga lokaci mai tsawo 11 ga Maris.

Yeshanew ya ce bai san abin da ke cikin bayanan a baya ba ko kuma an canza su, kawai dai an bar bayanan ne don a ce an yi gwaje-gwaje kuma an shawo kan batun. Yayin da yake shakkun cewa matsalar kula da jirgin ta saukar da jirgin, ya ce duk wani sauye-sauye a cikin bayanan zai sanya ayar tambaya kan ainihin yanayin jirgin a lokacin da ya fadi da kuma amincin kamfanin jirgin gaba daya.

Masana harkar jirgin sama sun ce bayan wani hadari, bayanan kiyayewa - musamman, litattafan aiki da katunan aiki wadanda ke dauke da bayanai daga matuka jirgin da kuma gyara ta injiniyoyi - masu kula da lafiyar iska na duniya sun bukaci da a kulle su nan take, kuma duk wani yunkuri na yin amfani da su babban laifi ne. don tattake wurin aikata laifi.

John Goglia, wani tsohon mamba a Hukumar Kula da Sufuri ta Amurka kuma kwararre kan kula da jirgin sama ya ce "Idan akwai zargin da ake yi cewa kun shiga cikin bayanai, yana nufin kun boye wani abu, kuna da abin da za ku boye."

A cikin amsar da ta baiwa AP, Habasha ta musanta tarihin yin facaka da gyara kayatarwa kuma ta musanta COO ko wani ya umarci wani da ya canza bayanan kulawar akan 737 Max din da aka fadi. Ya ce da zarar hatsarin ya faru, an rufe wadannan takardu, aka adana su cikin wani amintaccen wuri sannan aka kai su Ofishin Binciken Hadarin Jirgin Habasha. Sanarwar ta kara da cewa yayin da "wani mai fasaha ya yi kokarin ganin bayanan jirgin," binciken da aka yi ya gano babu wani bayanai da aka sauya ko aka sabunta.

Habasha shine babban kamfanin jirgin sama na Afirka, yana da fa'ida kuma yana daya daga cikin kalilan a Nahiyar da yaci gwajin da ake bukata don bawa jiragensu damar tashi zuwa Turai da Arewacin Amurka, tare da kyakkyawan yanayin tsaro.

Kamfanin ya tabbatar da cewa Yeshanew ya yi aiki a matsayin darektan injiniyan jirgin sama da tsare-tsare amma ya ce an sauke shi daga mukaminsa saboda "mummunan raunin shugabanci, da'a da rashin mutunci."

"Wani tsohon ma'aikaci ne wanda ya fusata wanda ya kirkiri labarin karya game da kamfanin jirgin sama na Habasha, wani bangare ne don ramuwar gayyar da aka yi masa a yayin da yake aiki a Habasha, sannan kuma wataƙila don samar da wata hujja don samun mafaka a cikin Amurka," in ji kamfanin jirgin. AP. "Muna son sake tabbatar da cewa duk zargin da yake yi karya ne kawai kuma ba su da tushe."

Yeshanew da lauyan sa, Darryl Levitt, sun ce ba a taba rage masa matsayi ba, kuma, a zahiri, ci gaban sa a tsaka-tsakin aiki sama da shekaru 12 a Habasha ya ci gaba har zuwa wannan shekarar lokacin da aka sa shi ya kula da sabon kamfanin kera jiragen sama. kuma bincika matuka jirgi biyu waɗanda suka yi kokarin sauka a Uganda kuma suka kusan tsallaka zuwa Tafkin Victoria. Yeshanew ya ce ba da shawarwarin da ya bayar bayan faruwar lamarin - karancin matukan jirgin da ba su da kwarewa a cikin matukan jirgin da kuma ingantaccen horo - ba a sauraresu ba.

Yeshanew ya kuma sanya sakonnin imel na ciki a cikin rahoton da yake ikirarin rashin aiki da takardu da gyare-gyare, da kuma bincike daga sassan masu samar da kayayyaki wadanda ke nuni da irin wadannan kurakurai, gami da wadanda suka haifar da tagogin gilasai biyu da ke farfasawa a cikin jirgin, wata hanyar da ba ta dace ba, da kuma bacewa ko kuskuren kusoshi akan maɓallin firikwensin maɓalli.

"Ni da kaina na ga cewa an sanya katunan aiki da yawa ba tare da yin abin da aka rubuta a cikin umarnin ba," Yeshanew ya rubuta wa COO Tasew a shekara ta 2017. "Irin wannan take hakkin na iya haifar da mawuyacin batun aminci."

Wasu ma sunyi irin wannan ikirarin. A shekara ta 2015, wani ma'aikaci da ba a san sunansa ba ya fada wa layin lafiya na FAA cewa kanikanci galibi yakan tsayar da jirage don tashi tare da batutuwan inji "wadanda ba a warware su ba". Babu tabbas idan korafin ya haifar da wani mataki ta hanyar FAA ko kamfanin jirgin sama.

Wasu tsoffin ma’aikatan Habasha su uku sun yi wa AP wannan zargin, ciki har da wanda ya ba da wasu takardu da ya ce sun nuna ba daidai ba gyara da kuma kuskuren takardu da suka kwashe shekaru, kuma wani wanda ya ce makanikai na ganin ba su da wani zabi sai dai “fyaden fenshi” sa hannu kan gyaran da ba a yi ba.

"Zasu yi karya a kai," in ji Franz Rasmussen, wanda ya tashi jirgin sama na tsawon shekaru biyu kafin ya tafi a shekarar 2016. "Akwai wata falsafa: Ba za ku iya saukar da jirgin sama ba - ya tafi, tafi, tafi."

Daga cikin zarge-zargen a rahoton na Yeshanew shi ne cewa Habasha tana tsare da wani gidan yari kamar gidan yari a harabar hedkwatarta ta Addis Ababa da ta saba yi wa ma’aikata tambayoyi, tsoratar da su da kuma lakada musu duka wani lokacin da suka fita daga layi. Yeshanew ya ce ya san aƙalla injiniyoyi biyu da aka buge a cikin shekaru uku da suka gabata bayan faɗuwa daga kamfanin, kuma yana tsoron irin wannan ƙaddarar da ke jiransa.

Yeshanew ya ce a cikin rahoton da kuma tattaunawar da ya yi da AP daga baya ya ce an kai shi gidan da ake tsare da shi ne a watan Yulin bisa zargin yana magana da kungiyoyin labarai, kuma bayan an kwashe sa’o’i 10 ana tambayarsa za a jefa shi kurkuku “Kamar sauran mutane na gabaninsa” idan baiyi shiru ba. Ya dauki hakan azabar azabtarwa.

"Idan kana kurkuku, hakan na nufin za a doke ka, za a gana maka azaba," kamar yadda ya shaida wa AP. "Babu wani bambanci a tsarin siyasar Habasha ta yanzu."

Bayan kwana hudu, Yeshanew ya tsere zuwa Amurka tare da wannan matar da yaranta biyu kuma suka zauna a yankin Seattle.

Wani mai magana da yawun kungiyar kwadagon jirgin, Bekele Dumecha, ya fada wa AP cewa ya hadu da ma’aikata sama da goma a tsawon shekaru shida da aka buge a wannan wurin da ake tsare da su, ciki har da daya daga cikin wadanda ake zargin wadanda Yeshanew ya bayyana. Dumecha ya ce ya ga wannan mutumin sa'a guda bayan an sake shi, yana da rauni da rauni.

"Bai iya tafiya yadda ya kamata ba," in ji Dumecha, wanda yanzu yake zaune a Minnesota kuma yana neman mafaka. "Ya kasance mai hankali da jiki."

Kungiyar kare hakkin dan adam ta Human Rights Watch ta fada a cikin rahotonta na watan Afrilu cewa azabtarwa a gidajen yari da kuma “wuraren tsare mutane da ba a san su ba” sun kasance “babbar matsala da rashin rahoto” a Habasha, kuma tsohon mai binciken a can ya ce shi da kansa ya yi hira da ma’aikatan jirgin sama uku wadanda suka yi zargin cewa azabtar da su gwamnati, mafi kwanan nan shekaru uku da suka gabata.

Mai binciken HRW Felix Horne ya ce "Ya kasance duk game da tabbatar da kyakkyawar martabar kamfanin ne kuma kasar tana nan daram." "Mutane da yawa da suka yi ƙoƙarin yin magana game da kamfanonin da gwamnati ke iko da su babu makawa an jefa su cikin kurkuku kuma an yi musu d beatenka."

A cikin bayanin nata, kamfanin jirgin na Ethiopian Airlines ya musanta cewa akwai wani wurin tsare mutane don azabtarwa kuma ya yi tayin nuna wa dan jaridar AP a kusa da filin. Amma bayan AP ta nemi irin wannan rangadin a wannan makon da ya gabata, jami’an Habasha sun ce zai dauki makonni da yawa kafin a shirya shi.

Zargin na Yeshanew su ne na baya-bayan nan da suka ba da haske a kan wasu dalilai ban da abin da ya zama babban abin da aka fi mayar da hankali a kai game da binciken hatsarin Max - wani tsari a cikin jirgin da ake kira MCAS, don Tsarin Maneuvering Characteristics Agmentation System, wanda ke tunkuda hancin jirgin kai tsaye lokacin da ya ke hadarin stalling.

Rahotannin farko sun nuna rashin dacewar a hadarurrukan biyu masu hadari, inda matukan jirgin suka rasa yadda suke sarrafa jiragen yayin da suke fada da shi. Masu kula sun sanya jiragen sama kusan 400 737 Max yayin da Boeing ke kokarin gyara matsalar.

Wani mai fallasa bayanan daga Habasha, tsohon matukin jirgin sama Bernd Kai von Hoesslin, ya gaya wa AP a watan Mayu cewa bayan hadarin jirgin saman Lion na Indonesia, ya roki manyan shuwagabannin Habasha da su bai wa matukan jirgin horo mafi kyau a kan Max, yana hasashen cewa idan matukan jirgin ba su isa isasshe kan yarjejeniyar Boeing ba. don yadda za a kashe tsarin autopilot idan ba a samu matsala ba, “zai zama tabbatacce.”

Ethiopian ya ce matukan jirgin sun bi duk matakan da Boeing ya shimfida. Amma rahoton farko game da hatsarin ya nuna sun kauce daga umarnin kuma suka yi wasu kura-kurai, musamman yawo jirgin sama a wani hanzari ba gudu ba kuma ba tare da wata ma'ana ba ya sake kunna na'urar ta anti-turke jim kadan bayan da ya sake yin amfani da ita. Mintuna shida da fara jirgin Max, jirgin mai dauke da fasinjoji daga kusan kasashe goma sha biyu ya kutsa kai cikin kasa kimanin mil 40 daga filin jirgin.

Tun da farko yau kamfanin jirgin saman Habasha ya ce yana canzawa zuwa Airbus bayan hatsarin B737 Max.