IATA: Turai ta ci gaba daga manufofin da ke inganta haɗin kai

Kungiyar Sufurin Jiragen Sama ta Duniya (IATA) ta yi kira ga gwamnatoci da masu mulki da su karfafa hadin kan Turai da ci gaban tattalin arziki ta hanyar rungumar manufofin inganta hanyoyin sadarwa ta iska. Mabuɗin wannan shine fahimtar ƙarfi da fa'idodi daban-daban waɗanda nau'ikan dillalai daban-daban da ke aiki a Turai ke bayarwa. 

“Turai, kamar sauran ƙasashen duniya, sun dogara da haɗin kan iska, wanda ke da mahimmanci ga al'umma, yawon shakatawa, da kasuwanci. Masu amfani da kasuwanci na hanyar sadarwar sufurin jiragen sama na Turai - manya da ƙanana - sun tabbatar da hakan a kwanan nan IATA Binciken: 82% sun ce samun damar yin amfani da sarkar samar da kayayyaki na duniya "akwai" don kasuwancin su. Kuma 84% "ba za su iya tunanin yin kasuwanci ba" ba tare da samun damar hanyoyin sadarwar sufuri ba. Rugujewar da aka yi ta kawo kasuwar jiragen sama guda ɗaya na ɗaya daga cikin manyan nasarorin da aikin na Turai ya samu kuma zai zama ɓarna idan ka'idojin da suka gaza yin la'akari da haƙiƙanin kasuwancin jiragen sama sun lalata wannan nasarar. Sabbin shaidu sun nuna cewa Turai tana amfana daga nau'ikan kamfanonin jiragen sama daban-daban kuma tana buƙatar duk waɗannan nau'ikan kasuwanci daban-daban - da ayyukan da suke bayarwa - don bunƙasa," in ji Willie Walsh, Babban Darakta na IATA.

Hukumomin Turai sun zaɓi magance matsalolin sufurin jiragen sama da yawa a cikin watanni masu zuwa, waɗanda suka haɗa da filayen jirgin sama, haƙƙin fasinja, da dorewa. Waɗannan duka suna da tasiri mai yuwuwa kan zaɓi da ƙimar da matafiya na Turai suka yi tsammani, kuma yana da mahimmanci masu kula da su su sami cikakken hoto game da gudummawar nau'ikan kasuwancin jiragen sama daban-daban ke kawo haɗin kai. Don taimakawa masu tsara manufofi, IATA Tattalin Arziki ya ƙirƙira wani rahoto yana nazarin iyakar haɗin kai da Masu Rarraba Kuɗi (LCCs) da masu ɗaukar hoto ke bayarwa a Turai. Rahoton ya nuna cewa suna ba da nau'ikan haɗin kai daban-daban kuma na kyauta, yayin da kuma suna fafatawa akan manyan hanyoyin da yawa. 

An kaddamar da rahoton ne a IATA Wings of Change Turai taron da ake gudanarwa a Istanbul, Turkiyya, 8-9 Nuwamba. Mahimman bincikensa sun haɗa da:
 

• Adadin LCCs masu rijista a Turai ya kusan ninka ninki biyu tun daga 2004 zuwa 35, yayin da adadin masu ɗaukar hanyar sadarwa ya ragu kaɗan a daidai wannan lokacin (daga 149 zuwa 131)
   
• Adadin fasinjojin da ke kan jiragen da ba na tsayawa ba a Turai da LCCs ke ɗauka ya kai miliyan 407.3 a shekarar 2019, idan aka kwatanta da miliyan 222.5 na masu jigilar hanyoyin sadarwa.
   
• A cikin Turai, adadin titin jirgin sama-zuwa-wuri da masu jigilar kayayyaki ke yi amfani da su ya ninka sau 2-4 fiye da tikitin jirgin da LCCs ke yi kafin barkewar cutar. 

Muhimmancin fasinjojin jigilar kaya a cikin sauƙaƙe ayyuka zuwa ƙananan cibiyoyin birni na da mahimmanci. Samfurin cibiya da magana na dillalan hanyar sadarwa yana ba da damar babbar hanyar sadarwar haɗin kai ko da inda buƙatu ya yi ƙasa kaɗan. Wannan yana tabbatar da cewa ko da mafi ƙanƙanta ko mafi nisa na Turai tare da titin jirgin sama za a iya haɗa shi da ɗimbin wurare a duniya, yana ba da damar kasuwanci da bunƙasa tattalin arziki. Rahoton yayi cikakken bayanin yadda
 

• Adadin fasinjojin da ke yawo hanyoyin haɗin gwiwa a cikin Turai waɗanda LCCs ke ɗauka bai kai miliyan 9 ba a cikin 2019 idan aka kwatanta da kusan miliyan 46 da dilolin sadarwa ke ɗauka. 
   
• Yayin da kashi 72% na buƙatun fasinja na cikin-Turai ke tashi akan hanyoyin da ke da gasa tsakanin LCCs da dillalan hanyar sadarwa, wannan buƙatar ta ƙunshi kashi 6 cikin ɗari na jimillar tafiye-tafiye tsakanin Turai. Wasu 79% na tafiye-tafiye na Turai ana jigilar su ta hanyar dillalan hanyar sadarwa kawai (idan aka kwatanta da 15% waɗanda LCCs-kawai). Don haka, LCCs sun kasance suna yin gogayya da dillalan hanyar sadarwa akan fitattun hanyoyin, amma masu gudanar da hanyar sadarwa suna yin muhimmin aiki na samar da haɗin kai zuwa wuraren da ba a san su ba a Turai, wanda ke da amfani kawai saboda ƙirar cibiya da magana.
   
• A kan tafiye-tafiye tsakanin nahiyoyi, dillalan hanyar sadarwa ba abin mamaki ba suna samar da mafi yawan haɗin haɗin gwiwa. Don tafiye-tafiye tsakanin nahiyoyi, akwai gasa don 13.5% na buƙatun fasinja, amma haɗin kan hanyoyin da aka bayar shine kawai 0.3%. 
   
• Ƙarfin kaya yana da mahimmanci ga kasuwancin Turai. Kashi 99.8% na ƙarfin ciki ana samarwa ta hanyar dillalan hanyoyin sadarwa, wanda ke nuna babban buƙatun jigilar jiragen sama zuwa kasuwannin nahiyoyi idan aka kwatanta da ƙarancin buƙatu na jigilar iska tsakanin Turai. Ya kamata a lura cewa ƙarfin ciki na tsaka-tsakin nahiya yana goyan bayan yuwuwar hanyoyin haɗin fasinja da magana.

“Masu ruwa da tsaki daga sassa na zirga-zirgar jiragen sama sun haɗu kan buƙatar ƙa'idodi waɗanda ke haɓaka zaman tare da samfuran kasuwanci daban-daban, ƙarfafa gasa mai kyau da mafi girman zaɓin masu amfani. Turkiye misali ne mai kyau na yadda ake haɓaka haɗin gwiwar ƙasa da ba da damar nau'ikan dillalai daban-daban su yi nasara. Kuma abin da ke da muhimmanci shi ne manufofin ci gaba suna tafiya kafada da kafada da mafita mai dorewa,” in ji Mehmet T. Nane, mataimakin shugaba kuma manajan darakta na kamfanin jiragen sama na Pegasus kuma shugaban kwamitin gwamnonin IATA. Kamfanin jiragen sama na Pegasus shi ne mai masaukin baki na uku na taron Wings of Change Turai, wanda ya hada wakilai 400 don tattaunawa kan muhimman batutuwan da suka shafi sararin samaniya da kuma inganta bangaren sufurin jiragen sama na Turai.

Ci gaba mai dorewa

Tafiya a kowane mataki dole ne ya kasance mai dorewa. Sufurin Jiragen Sama ya fitar da wata alƙawarin rage hayakin CO2 zuwa net-zero nan da shekara ta 2050. Gwamnatoci a Hukumar Kula da Sufurin Jiragen Sama ta Duniya (ICAO) sun yi daidai da wannan manufa kwanan nan. Samun net-zero zai buƙaci babban ƙoƙari daga masana'antu tare da tallafin gwamnati. Manufofin inganta samar da Sustainable Aviation Fuels (SAF), don turawa don haɓaka jiragen sama masu fitar da hayaki, da kuma hanzarta tanadin hayaki ta sararin samaniya da kayayyakin aikin filin jirgin sama, suna da mahimmanci.

"Jihohin Turai suna magana mai kyau game da dorewa, amma rikodinsu game da bayarwa ba sau da yawa ya dace da burin maganganunsu. Yayin da wasu 'yan siyasa ke yin kwarjini da ra'ayoyi kamar hana zirga-zirgar jiragen sama na gajeren lokaci, wanda zai adana kasa da kashi 5% na hayaki a cikin tsadar tattalin arziki, matakan aiki kamar Single European Sky don kula da zirga-zirgar jiragen sama, wanda zai rage hayakin har zuwa 10%, ya kasance. daskararre a siyasance. Ana maraba da mayar da hankali kan SAF amma tilasta yin isar da shi daidai a duk filayen jirgin sama a cikin EU ba shi da ma'ana. Littafin da tsarin da'awar zai sauƙaƙe ɗauka cikin sauri a farashi mai arha ba tare da rage fa'idodin muhalli ta kowace hanya ba. Ya kamata mu mai da hankali kan karfafa samar da SAF a cikin mafi girma a cikin mafi ƙarancin farashi, duk inda hakan ya kasance, ”in ji Walsh.