Tarihin otal: John McEntee Bowman - wanda ya gina sarkar Biltmore

A lokacin rayuwarsa a matsayin mai haɓaka otal kuma ma'aikacin otal, John Bowman ya kasance mai son doki kuma ƙwararren mai son tsere ne. Ya kasance shugaban Ƙungiyar Racing Racing na United Hunts da Nunin Horse na Ƙasa. Na wani lokaci, ya yi aiki a matsayin shugaban Havana-American Jockey Club wanda ke gudanar da Racetrack na Oriental Park a Marianas, Cuba.

Baya ga otal-otal guda shida na Biltmore waɗanda na kwatanta a cikin Babu wanda ya tambaye ni, Amma… No. 193, ga kwatankwacin ƙarin otal ɗin Biltmore guda goma.

• Otal ɗin Flintridge Biltmore- dake cikin La Canada Flintridge a saman tsaunin San Rafael a California. Wurin ginin makarantar Flintridge Tsarkakakken Zuciya na yau tare da wasu gine-ginen tarihi da har yanzu ake amfani da su. Architecture Myron Hunt ne ya tsara shi a cikin 1926, a cikin Farfaɗowar Bahar Rum da salon Farfaɗowar Mulkin Mulkin Sipaniya. Myron Hubbard Hunt (1868-1952) masanin gine-ginen Ba'amurke ne wanda ayyukansa suka hada da alamomi da yawa a Kudancin California. A cikin 1927, Hunt ya tsara otal don Sanata Frank P. Flint wanda aka sayar da shi cikin sauri zuwa jerin otal na Biltmore. Saboda Babban Bacin rai, Flintridge Biltmore Hotel an sayar da shi a cikin 1931 ga Dominican Sisters of Mission San Jose, wanda ya kafa Flintridge Sacred Heart Academy, ranar 'yan mata duka da makarantar sakandare.

• Otal ɗin Griswold- a New London, Connecticut kusa da Groton. Morton F. Plant, hamshakin attajiri ne ya gina shi, wanda ya kasance dan titin jirgin kasa, jirgin ruwa da otal din Henry Bradley Plant. Shekaru biyu bayan gina gidan sa na Branford, Plant ya sayi gidan Fort Griswold da ya lalace a gabashin kogin Thames kuma ya gina wani otal mai hawa biyu mai ban sha'awa. Tare da jimlar ɗakuna 400, Otal ɗin Griswold ya kasance dakuna 240 mafi girma fiye da Gidan Ocean a Watch Hill, Rhode Island wanda ya sa ya zama otal mafi girma na alatu a arewa maso gabas. Kamar yadda aka bayyana a cikin ƙasidar Otal ɗin Griswold na 1914, mafi kyawun abinci shine Plant's Bradford Farms ya girma. Dakunan baƙon, dalla-dalla da mahogany, an kunna su da wutar lantarki kuma sun ba da sabis na tarho mai nisa. Ana ba da rawa da daddare kuma ba a keɓe kuɗin hidima, abinci ko kayan ado.

A cikin 1919, Kamfanin Otal na Bowman na Biltmore ya sami Griswold. Bayan faduwar kasuwannin hannayen jari na 1929, Griswold ya fadi a lokuta masu wahala har sai da Milton O. Slosberg ya saya a 1956. Ya kara da ruwan gishiri mai tsawon mita 3,600 kuma ya kashe dala miliyan daya don haɓakawa. Amma a cikin 1962, sake siyar da ɓarna ya haifar da saye daga Kamfanin Pfizer wanda a ƙarshe ya rushe Griswold. A yau, ƙasar ta Shennecossett Golf Course ce.

• Belleview-Biltmore Hotel- Belleair, Florida an fara buɗe shi a cikin 1897 a matsayin otal ɗin Belleview. Henry Bradley Plant ne ya gina shi don zanen gine-ginen Michael J. Miller da Francis J. Kennard na Tampa. Ya ƙunshi ɗakuna 145, ginin pine pine na Georgia, ƙirar ƙirar Swiss, filin wasan golf da tseren tsere. Belleview ya zama ja da baya ga masu hannu da shuni waɗanda motocin dogo masu zaman kansu galibi ana ajiye su a titin jirgin ƙasa a kudancin otal ɗin. The Belleview, mai suna "White Sarauniya na Gulf", shi ne mafi girma ginin katako a cikin Florida. A cikin 1920, John McEntee Bowman ne ya saya shi kuma ya sanya wa Belleview-Biltmore Hotel suna. An jera shi a cikin rajistar wuraren tarihi na ƙasa a cikin 1979, an rufe shi a cikin 2009 kuma an rushe shi a cikin 2015 duk da jarumtaka da ƙungiyoyin kiyayewa suka yi don ceto ta. A lokacin farin ciki, Belleview Biltmore ya jawo hankalin shugabannin George HW Bush, Jimmy Carter, Gerald Ford, Duke na Windsor, Vanderbilts, dangin Pew, DuPonts, Thomas Edison, Henry Ford, Lady Margaret Thatcher, Babe Ruth, Joe DiMaggio da kuma masu nishadantarwa Tony Bennett, Bob Dylan da Carol Channing.

• Otal ɗin Miami-Biltmore, Coral Gables, Florida- an buɗe shi a cikin 1926 ta John Bowman da George Merrick. Domin ƙirƙirar otal ɗin otal na iri ɗaya, Bowman ya sake zaɓar kamfanin gine-gine na Schultze da Weaver. Kamar yadda Bowman ya rubuta a cikin fitowar 1923 na Dandalin Architectural,

"Duk wani ginin da aka gina mai kyau wanda zai samar da isasshen matsuguni da kulawa mai kyau yana ɗaukar nauyin abinci da ayyuka amma don yanayi - wannan ba zai yuwu ba ga jin daɗi da gamsuwar baƙon otal - dole ne mu rubuta da farko ga mai ginin."

Schultze da Weaver sun sami kwarewa ta Miami a matsayin masu zane na Miami Daily News Tower (1925), Miami Beach's Nautilus Hotel (na Carl Fisher) da Roney Plaza Hotel (na EBT Roney). Otal ɗin Miami-Biltmore ya buɗe tare da gagarumin bikin gala wanda shine taron zamantakewa na shekara. Taro mai cike da baƙi 1,500 sun halarci bukin raye-rayen abincin dare a ranar 15 ga Janairu, 1926. Biltmore na ɗaya daga cikin wuraren shakatawa na zamani a Amurka. Aikin dala miliyan 10 ya hada da filin wasan golf, filin wasan polo, kotunan wasan tennis da kuma wani babban wurin ninkaya mai tsawon kafa 150 da kafa 225. Shahararren mai tsara wasan golf Donald Ross ne ya tsara filin wasan golf mai ramuka 18. Daya daga cikin manyan makada na The Biltmore ya kasance karkashin jagorancin shahararren Paul Whiteman.

Otal ɗin Miami-Biltmore yana ɗaya daga cikin wuraren shakatawa na zamani a cikin ƙasar gaba ɗaya a ƙarshen 1920s da farkon 1930s. Har zuwa 'yan kallo 3,000 ne suka fito a ranar Lahadi don kallon masu yin ninkaya da aka daidaita, kyawawan kayan wanka, 'yan kokawa da kuma yaron mai shekaru hudu, Jackie Ott, wanda aikinsa ya hada da nutsewa cikin babban tafkin daga wani babban dandamali mai tsawon kafa 85. Kafin aikinsa na Hollywood a matsayin Tarzan, Johnny Weismuller ya kasance malamin wasan ninkaya na Biltmore wanda daga baya ya karya tarihin duniya a tafkin Biltmore.

Biltmore ya yi aiki a matsayin asibiti a lokacin Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu kuma a matsayin Asibitin Gudanarwa na Tsohon Sojoji da harabar Makarantar Kiwon Lafiya ta Jami'ar Miami har zuwa 1968. An dawo da shi kuma an buɗe shi azaman otal a 1987, mallakar Kamfanin Seaway Hotels kuma ke sarrafa shi. Ranar 19 ga Yuni, 1996 Rijistar Wuraren Tarihi ta Ƙasa ta ayyana Biltmore a matsayin Alamar Tarihi ta Ƙasa, lambar yabo ta 3 kawai na duk tsarin tarihi.

• Otal ɗin Belmont, New York, NY- haye na 42nd Street daga Grand Central Terminal shine mafi tsayi a duniya lokacin da aka gina shi a 1908. An rushe shi a cikin 1939.

• Murray Hill Hotel, New York, NY- akan Park Avenue tsakanin 40th da 41st Streets. An rushe shi a cikin 1947.

• Otal ɗin Roosevelt, New York, NY- an haɗa shi da Grand Central Terminal. An bude shi a matsayin otal din United kuma ya hade da kungiyar Bowman-Biltmore a shekarar 1929. Conrad Hilton ne ya siya shi a shekarar 1948 daga baya kuma ta NY Central Railroad har zuwa 1980. A yau mallakar Pakistan Airlines ne kuma Interstate Hotels and Resorts ne ke sarrafa shi.

• An gina Otal ɗin Ansonia, New York, NY- a matsayin otal mai ƙayatarwa a gefen sama na yamma na Manhattan a cikin 1904. Lokacin da aka buɗe shi, Ansonia shine “babban dodo na duk gine-ginen otal”, in ji New York World. . Rukunin Bowman-Biltmore sun mallaki kuma suna sarrafa Ansonia daga 1915 zuwa 1925. A cikin shekaru da dama na aikin Bowman, Edward M. Tierney na Hotel Arlington, Binghamton, NY shine babban darektan Ansonia. Daga baya, George W. Sweeney, Manajan Darakta na Hotel Commodore kuma an nada shi a matsayin manajan Ansonia.

• Otal ɗin Providence Biltmore, Providence, Rhode Island- an buɗe shi a cikin 1922. Masu gine-ginen Warren da Wetmore ne suka tsara shi kuma sarkar otal ɗin Bowman-Biltmore ne ke sarrafa shi har zuwa 1947 lokacin da Sheraton Hotels ya saya. A 1975, Biltmore ya rufe kuma ya kasance ba kowa har tsawon shekaru hudu. Bayan sake buɗewa a cikin 1979, otal ɗin yana da jerin masu mallakar da suka haɗa da Dunfey, Aer Lingus, Jaridar Providence, Finard Coventry Hotel Management da AJ Capital Partners. Yanzu ana kiran shi da Otal ɗin Providence na Graduate, yana da dakunan baƙi 292 da mafi girma Starbucks a New England.

• Otal ɗin Dayton Biltmore, Dayton, Ohio- an gina shi a cikin 1929 a cikin salon Beaux-Arts ta masanin injiniya Frederick Hughes. An dauke shi daya daga cikin mafi kyawun otal a Amurka kuma Bowman-Biltmore Hotels ne ke sarrafa shi har zuwa 1946. Daga baya, Hilton Hotels, Sheraton ne ke sarrafa shi kuma, a cikin 1974, ya zama otal ɗin Biltmore Towers. A cikin 1981, Kuhlmann Design Group ya sake haɓaka kadarorin zuwa gidajen tsofaffi. Ranar 3 ga Fabrairu, 1982, an ƙara Dayton Biltmore zuwa Rajista na Wuraren Tarihi na Ƙasa.

• Havana Biltmore & Country Club, Havana, Cuba- an buɗe a 1928 kuma Kamfanin Bowman Biltmore ne ke sarrafa shi.

Marubucin, Stanley Turkel, mashahurin masani ne kuma mai ba da shawara a masana'antar otal. Yana aiki a otal dinsa, karimci da kuma aikin ba da shawara da ke ƙwarewa a cikin sarrafa kadara, duba ayyukan aiki da tasirin yarjeniyoyin mallakar otal da ayyukan bayar da tallafi. Abokan ciniki sune masu mallakar otal, masu saka jari da cibiyoyin bada lamuni. Littattafansa sun hada da: Manyan Otal din Amurkawa: Majagaba na Masana'antar Otal din (2009), An Gina Su Zuwa :arshe: Hotunan shekara 100+ a New York (2011), An Gina Su Zuwa :arshe: Hotunan shekara 100+ na Gabas na Mississippi (2013 ), Mavens na Hotel: Lucius M. Boomer, George C. Boldt da Oscar na Waldorf (2014), Great American Hoteliers Volume 2: Majagaba na Hotel Hotel (2016), da sabon littafinsa, Gina Zuwa Lastarshe: 100 + Year -Old Hotels West of the Mississippi (2017) - ana samun su a cikin hardback, paperback, da Ebook format - wanda Ian Schrager ya rubuta a cikin jumla: “Wannan littafin na musamman ya kammala tarihin tarihin otal 182 na kyawawan ɗakuna 50 ko fiye… Ina jin da gaske cewa kowane makarantar otal ya kamata ya mallaki waɗannan littattafan kuma ya sanya su bukatar karatu ga ɗalibai da ma'aikatansu. ”

Duk littattafan marubucin na iya yin oda daga Gidan Gida ta danna nan.