Fly Net Zero: Decarbonizing masana'antar jirgin sama

Yayin da fannin zirga-zirgar jiragen sama na duniya ke shiga sabuwar shekara, ga sabbin abubuwan sabuntawa daga masana'antar da ke kewaye da #FlyNetZero da kuma tafiya don lalata masana'antar jirgin sama.

SAF

Kamar yadda masana'antar jirgin sama ta juya zuwa 2023, a cikin Turai, an buɗe bututun NATO da ke ba da filin jirgin sama na Brussels tare da kananzir a ranar 1 ga Janairu don jigilar SAF. Brussels Airlines ya yi jigilar kashin farko na man jirgin sama mai dorewa da aka yi jigilarsa ta wannan hanya a wannan rana a filin jirgin saman Brussels. Filin jirgin saman Teesside na kasa da kasa ya yi hadin gwiwa da Air France-KLM kan shirin SAF na kamfanin jirgin sama, inda ya zama filin jirgin saman Burtaniya na farko da ya yi hakan.

A gefe guda na tafkin, Ma'aikatar Makamashi ta Amurka ta ba da sanarwar sama da dala miliyan 100 a cikin kudade don fadada samar da albarkatun mai na Amurka, yayin da gwamnatin Biden ke kokarin rage hayaki mai gurbata yanayi daga sufuri da kuma cimma burin yanayi, in ji sashen.

Sashen na shirin bayar da kyautar dala miliyan 118 zuwa ayyuka 17 da aka tsara don hanzarta samar da albarkatun mai. A cikin Jihar Illinois, 'yan majalisar dokoki na jihohi sun amince da doka don ƙirƙirar lamunin haraji na $1.50/USG SAF wanda kamfanonin jiragen sama za su iya amfani da su don gamsar da duka ko wani ɓangare na bashin harajin amfanin jiharsu. Dokar za ta ƙirƙiri kiredit na haraji ga kowane galan na SAF da aka sayar wa ko amfani da shi ta hanyar jigilar iska a Illinois. Kwanan nan Honeywell ya sami isar da saƙo na farko na SAF a harabarsa ta Phoenix Engines don tallafawa haɓakawa da samar da gwajin ƙarfin ƙarfin ƙarfi (APUs) da injunan motsa jiki a wurin, tare da gwajin raka'o'in fage daga wurin gyarawa da kayan aikin Honeywell.

A Gabas ta Tsakiya, Masdar, ADNOC, bp, Tadweer (Kamfanin Gudanar da Sharar Sharar gida) da Etihad Airways sun ba da sanarwar yarjejeniya don gudanar da nazarin yuwuwar hadin gwiwa kan samar da SAF da sauran kayayyaki a cikin UAE, kamar dizal da naphtha da ake sabunta su, ta amfani da su. sharar gida mai ƙarfi (MSW) da hydrogen mai sabuntawa. A halin yanzu, Emirates ta yi nasarar kammala gwajin injin ƙasa na ɗaya daga cikin injinan ta GE90 akan Boeing 777-300ER ta amfani da 100% SAF. Sabon mai ba da lamuni na Saudiyya mai suna AviLease ya cimma yarjejeniya ta wucin gadi da Kamfanin Sake sarrafa Mai na Saudiyya (SIRC) domin samarwa da kuma rarraba man fetur mai dorewa a kasar.

A Asiya, kamfanin jiragen sama na Asiana ya sanar da shiga yarjejeniya da Shell don tabbatar da SAF daga shekarar 2026. Manyan jiragen sama biyu na Japan, All Nippon Airways da Japan Airlines, sun amince su samo SAF daga kamfanin Amurka Raven a cikin yarjejeniyoyin da suka shafi gidan ciniki na Tokyo na Itochu. Kamfanonin jiragen sama za su sayi SAF wanda Raven ke da niyyar samarwa ta kasuwanci tun daga shekarar 2025, ta amfani da shi akan jiragen sama na kasa da kasa.

watsi

Biyo bayan yarjejeniyar dala miliyan 175 da kamfanin jiragen sama Boeing (APB), Ryanair shigar Split Scimitar Winglets zuwa farkon sama da 400 na jirgin Boeing 737-800 na gaba. Wannan gyare-gyaren zai inganta ingancin man jiragen sama har zuwa 1.5%, tare da rage yawan man da Ryanair ke amfani da shi na shekara-shekara da lita miliyan 65 da hayakin carbon da tan 165,000. Kamfanin filin jirgin sama na Finavia ya buga sabbin maƙasudin dorewa waɗanda suka haɗa da rage iskar carbon zuwa "kusan sifili". Wizz Air ya ruwaito cewa matsakaicin iskar carbon da yake fitarwa a shekarar 2022 ya kai gram 55.2 akan kowane fasinja/km, 15.4% kasa da na 2021. Wannan yana wakiltar mafi ƙarancin sakamakon ƙarfin carbon ɗinsa na shekara-shekara da aka yi rikodin a cikin kalandar shekara guda.

Electric da hydrogen propulsion

Sweden ta yi alkawarin saka hannun jari aƙalla SKr15m ($1.4m) kowace shekara a cikin ayyukan bincike da ƙirƙira don tallafawa saurin ɗaukar jiragen sama na lantarki a cikin ƙasar. Bugu da kari, gwamnatin kasar Sweden ta ba da umarnin yin nazari kan ko zai yiwu a ba da umarnin yin amfani da jiragen sama masu amfani da wutar lantarki kan hanyoyin hidimar jama'a (PSO).

"Koyon yadda za a tashi da jirgin sama mai amfani da hydrogen cikin aminci zai zama kalubalen tsararraki" in ji Christopher Raymond, CSO na Boeing, a cikin wani op-ed a cikin Fortune, yana mai cewa da wuya mu ga jirgin sama ya tashi a kan hydrogen kafin 2050 da bukatar mayar da hankali kan samuwa da farashin SAF: "Dole ne duniya ta auna yawan iskar gas mai ɗorewa wanda za a iya jefawa cikin jiragen da ake da su a yau, yayin da ake binciken fasahohin motsa jiki kamar hydrogen da wutar lantarki wanda zai iya yin tasiri a cikin rabin na biyu na karni."

Technology

NASA da Boeing za su yi aiki tare a kan aikin Nuna Jirgin Sama mai Dorewa don ginawa, gwadawa da kuma tashi jirgin sama mai rahusa hayaƙi cikin shekaru goma. NASA ta rattaba hannu kan wata yarjejeniya ta Dokar Sararin Samaniya da aka ba da tallafi tare da Boeing wanda a karkashinta za ta samar da kudade dala miliyan 425 ta hanyar biyan kudade masu mahimmanci yayin da Boeing da abokan masana’anta suka ba da gudummawar dala miliyan 725. Ana shirin fara yaƙin neman zaɓe na tsawon shekara guda a Cibiyar Nazarin Jirgin Sama ta NASA Armstrong, California, a cikin 2028.

Delta Air Lines na ƙaddamar da wani dakin gwaje-gwaje na ƙirƙira na jirgin sama don haɓaka bincike, ƙira da gwaji don ƙarin dorewar makomar balaguron iska. Delta Sustainable Skies Lab zai ƙunshi aiki mai gudana a duk faɗin Delta a yau, zazzage sabbin masana'antu, da sikelin fasahar sananniyar fasaha da ayyuka don cimma burin Delta na fitar da sifiri nan da 2050.

Finance

Kamfanin jiragen sama na Pegasus ya rufe lamuni na farko mai alaƙa da dorewa na jirgin sama don ba da kuɗin sabbin jiragen Airbus A321neo goma. Air France-KLM ya tara Yuro biliyan 1 daga haɗin haɗin gwiwar dorewar ƙasa daga haɗin haɗin gwiwa mai dorewa na farko (SLB), wanda aka yi imanin shine farkon haɗin Euro-denorated irin wannan nau'in a cikin kasuwar jama'a daga kamfanin jirgin sama.