Shin Zimbabwe za ta iya sake jan hankalin masu yawon bude ido?

HARARE, Zimbabwe - Kwanan nan Zimbabwe ta cika da rahotanni masu kayatarwa a kafafen yada labarai na gwamnati na samun gagarumin farfadowa a harkokin yawon bude ido. Amma waɗannan taswirar na iya zama da wuri.

Adadin masu yawon bude ido ya karu daga 100,000 a bara zuwa 362,000 a bana, kamar yadda rahotannin masana'antu suka nuna, kuma yawancin otal din sun ba da rahoton karuwar yawan mazauna. Amma lambobin otal ɗin ba su yi la'akari da yadda aka toshe manyan manyan otal ɗin ba.

Wuraren ninkaya na otal, da ma'aikatan jirgin sama ke kewaye da su don neman tangar rana a Zimbabwe, ba kowa. Kuma yayin da ba shakka yawan masu ziyara ya karu, da yawa daga cikin 'yan yawon bude ido na kasar Sin ne da ba sa kashe kudi ko maziyartan wasu jihohin Afirka da ke zama da 'yan uwa.

An dai gudanar da gangamin kawo matafiya daga kasar China inda a halin yanzu kamfanin na Air Zimbabwe ke zirga-zirga. Amma 'yan yawon bude ido na kasar Sin suna yawo cikin kungiyoyin da ake sa ido - da ake kira balaguron duck - kuma suna sanya hannayensu a cikin aljihunsu yayin ziyartar wuraren shakatawa na curio.

"Abin bala'i ne," in ji marubucin balaguro Dusty Miller na manufar "Look East" na Zimbabwe. "Ba manyan masu kashe kudi ba ne kuma ba za su iya maye gurbin masu yawon bude ido daga kasuwanninmu na gargajiya a Turai da Arewacin Amurka ba."

Musamman Miller ya koka da asarar "alwati na zinariya" - hanyar London / Mauritius / Ostiraliya wanda ya kai dubban baƙi ciki har da 'yan jakunkuna marasa kulawa zuwa kasuwannin Zimbabwe.

Wurare masu daraja a duniya da abubuwan jan hankali na Zimbabwe, musamman wuraren shakatawa da wuraren shakatawa na Victoria Falls, sun sami ci gaba mai ban mamaki na masana'antar yawon shakatawa a shekarun 1980 da 90 lokacin da sabbin 'yan wasa suka shiga wurin. A shekarar 1999 Zimbabwe tana sa ran za ta jawo masu yawon bude ido miliyan 1. Sai dai da zarar rikicin siyasa da tattalin arzikin Zimbabwe ya yi kamari, kuma ana kallon kasar a matsayin mai rugujewa, adadin masu yawon bude ido ya ragu matuka.

Hankalin shugaba Robert Mugabe na yin kalaman nuna bacin rai na kyamar kasashen yamma, wani babban cikas ne ga farfadowar harkokin yawon bude ido. Yayin da kasashen yammacin duniya suka janye gargadin da suke yi na tafiye-tafiye a Zimbabwe, tunanin kasar da ke karkashin mulkin kama-karya mai adawa bai canza ba. Dokar Ƙarfafa Tattalin Arziƙi da ke buƙatar masu zuba jari su mika kashi 51 cikin XNUMX na mutanen gida a duk wani aiki wani abin hanawa ne.

Gwamnatin raba madafun iko tsakanin Mugabe da Firayi Minista Morgan Tsvangirai's Movement for Democratic Change (MDC) ƙawance ce mai cike da rashin jin daɗi. Yayin da bangaren Tsvangirai ke kokarin dora kasar Zimbabwe kan kyakkyawar turba, domin yawon bude ido da dai sauransu, rabin gwamnatin Mugabe na ci gaba da tafiya kamar yadda ta yi shekaru kusan 30. Waɗannan sigina masu gauraye ba sa kwantar da hankalin masu yawon bude ido.

Yawon shakatawa na iya samun ƙafafu bayan shekaru 10 na koma bayan tattalin arziki da tashin hankali amma ba duka ba ne. Hukumar kula da harkokin yawon bude ido ta Zimbabuwe (ZTA) ce ke tafiyar da wannan fanni, wadda ke karbar kudadenta daga harajin da ake yi wa kamfanoni masu zaman kansu. ZTA ta fitar da labaran da suka haskaka rana game da bukatar "canza hasashe" na Zimbabwe wanda ya yi watsi da abubuwan da ke faruwa a kasa kamar ci gaba da tashin hankalin gonaki.

Akwai, duk da haka, sanannen labari na nasara daya fito daga bangaren yawon bude ido. Ya fito ne daga kungiyar African Sun da ke karkashin jagorancin hamshakin dan kasuwa mai suna Shingi Munyeza.

Kungiyarsa ta fadada zuwa yammacin Afirka da Equatorial Guinea mai arzikin man fetur inda ake bukatar dakunan otal din. Ya yi imanin cewa wajibi ne a yi kasada ko a bar shi a baya.

"Damar kasuwanci a Zimbabwe tana da yawa," Munyeza ya fadawa AP kwanan nan. “Tambayar ita ce: Shin kuna shiga yanzu ko daga baya? Daga baya yana da tsada sosai. Da wuri yana da haɗari sosai."

Amma kamar yadda kowane ma'aikaci a kamfanoni masu zaman kansu zai shaida, nasarar da Zimbabwe za ta samu a nan gaba ta ta'allaka ne a cikin kwanciyar hankali na siyasa. A halin yanzu Mugabe yana kawo cikas ga farfado da tattalin arzikin kasar ta hanyar daukar matakai na sakaci - kamar barazanar sake dawo da dalar Zimbabwe da aka bata kafin Kirsimeti - yayin da duniya ke kallo cikin firgici. Dalar Amurka a cikin shekarar da ta gabata ta rage hauhawar hauhawar farashin kayayyaki a Zimbabwe cikin dari zuwa matakin da za a iya sarrafa shi, ya kuma samar da ci gaba ga tattalin arzikin da ya tabarbare.

Jakadan Burtaniya Mark Canning ya lura a makon da ya gabata cewa, yayin da aka samu wani ci gaba a fannin tattalin arziki, har yanzu masu zuba jari sun damu da kwace gonaki da ake ci gaba da yi, da rashin tsaro, da ingantaccen tsarin doka don kare zuba jari.
Biritaniya ita ce babbar mai saka hannun jari a Zimbabwe.

Canning ya ce "Da zarar tanade-tanaden yarjejeniyar siyasa ta duniya (tsakanin Zanu-PF da MDC) sun cika," in ji Canning, "Na tabbata za a zuba jari mai yawa a Zimbabwe kuma kamfanonin Birtaniya a shirye suke su shiga, a cikin babbar hanya. Amma a yanzu komai ana sa ido sosai.”

Wata matsala kuma a kan hanyar da kasar ke bi wajen farfado da harkokin yawon bude ido ita ce lalacewar namun daji. Musamman alkaluman karkanda ba kasafai sun ragu sosai ba. Shekaru 10 da suka gabata ne aka kai karkanda zuwa yankunan kudancin kasar domin kawar da su daga inda mafarautan kasar Zambiya ke kai wa. Yanzu an yi musu kawanya, ba daga mafarauta da ke fama da yunwa ba, amma daga sababbin ƴan mamaya na ƙasa da hafsoshin soji a yankunan kudanci.

Karin matsalolin sun fito ne daga kamfanonin jihohi masu zubar da jini kamar Air Zimbabwe da National Railways wanda Mugabe ba zai bari ba saboda dalilan da ya ce "dabarun" dalilai ne. Yana nufin aikin matsuguni ga mabiyansa. Amma waɗancan manyan kamfanoni suna aiki da rashin inganci kuma suna ci bashin jihohi masu yawa.

Kayayyakin da aka fi samun kasuwa a Zimbabwe - abin dogaron yanayin yanayin rana da abokantaka, masu ilimi - na iya rama wasu daga cikin wadannan kurakuran da karfafawa a karon farko, amma ana bukatar karin kwanciyar hankali ta fuskar siyasa da tattalin arziki don dawo da yawon bude ido na kasar.