Yawon shakatawa a Sri Lanka: Maganin ƙwaƙwalwa ko ribar ƙwaƙwalwa?

Sri Lanka
Sri Lanka

An yi magana da yawa game da bunkasar yawon bude ido na Sri Lanka, da kuma karancin kayan aikin da mutane ke fuskanta wanda masana'antar za ta fuskanta.

An yi magana da yawa, kuma an tattauna game da haɓakar yawon buɗe ido na Sri Lanka, da kuma karancin albarkatun mutane da masana'antar za ta fuskanta. Kwanan nan wani shiri na kamfanoni masu zaman kansu, wanda You Lead (na USAID) suka shirya ya fito da wata taswirar hanya mai amfani da ta yadda za a magance wasu daga cikin wadannan matsalolin. (Ku Jagoranci: Sri-Lanka-Tourism da Baƙin Workarfafa Compwararriyar Roadwarewar Taswira-2018-2023).

Kodayake cikakkun lambobi da kimantawa suna da wahalar samu kwatankwacin saboda rashin cikakken bayani, ana karɓa gaba ɗaya cewa kimanin 100,000an ma'aikata 3 kai tsaye a matakai daban-daban za a buƙaci hidimar da ake tsammani a cikin yawon buɗe ido a cikin shekaru 2018 masu zuwa. (Tattalin Arziki Na gaba XNUMX)

Taswirar hanyar da muka ambata a baya ta bayyana a karon farko, ra'ayoyin kamfanoni masu zaman kansu game da abin da ya kamata ayi, tare da bayyana manufofi da tsare-tsaren aiki. Tana kimanta gibi da ke tafe nan da 'yan shekaru masu zuwa, yana tantance menene cibiyoyin horon da ake da su a kasar, menene gazawa, da yadda za'a magance wadannan nakasu. Hakanan yana bayani kan buƙatar ƙirƙirar wayewa mai ƙarfi tsakanin matasa game da bambancin damar aiki a masana'antar yawon buɗe ido ga masu kirkirar abubuwa.

Wani abin da aka tabo a cikin wannan taswirar hanya ita ce yawancin ƙwararrun 'yan Sri Lanka da ke aiki a ƙasashen waje, da dabarun da za a gwada su da dawo da su bayan yarjejeniyar su ta kare. Wannan ya haifar da tattaunawa mai mahimmanci game da ƙaurawar ma'aikatan karɓar baƙi sosai zuwa Gabas ta Tsakiya da Maldives.

Saboda haka aka ji cewa wannan zai zama lokacin dacewa don tattauna wannan batun dalla-dalla a cikin zane.

RIARAR SRI LANKAN LARFI

Babban aikin yi na gari

Sanannen abu ne cewa Sri Lanka tana da yawan karatun karatu na 95% (Ma'aikatar Ilimi Mai Girma) tare da ƙwadago na 8,249,773 sama da shekaru 18 (Sashen Kidaya da Lissafi na 2016). Adadin rashin aikin yi ya kai kimanin kashi 4.5%.

"Yawan matan da ke shiga aikin ma'aikata na Sri Lanka ya ragu zuwa kashi 36 cikin 2016 a 41 daga kashi 2010 a 54" a cewar Bankin Duniya. Wannan ya ragu sosai fiye da matsakaicin duniya na 2016% (Bankin Duniya: Laborarfin ƙarfin tilasta mata shiga cikin mata XNUMX). A cikin ƙasashen Asiya wannan na iya zama saboda aure, renon yara, da ayyukan gida masu alaƙa da wariyar jinsi.

Aikin waje

Harajin kuɗin mutanen Sri Lanka da ke aiki a ƙasashen waje sun ɗauki mahimmancin gaske ga tattalin arzikin Sri Lanka. A yau kudaden da ma'aikata ke fitarwa sun zama kasar da ta fi kowacce samun kudin musaya a kasar ta Sri Lanka kuma daidaiton kudin kasar ya dogara sosai da kudaden shigar da ma'aikata 'yan cirani ke samu. Kudaden da ma’aikata suka tura a shekarar 2017 sun ragu da kashi 1.1 zuwa dala biliyan 7.16 daga dalar Amurka biliyan 7.24 da aka rubuta a daidai wannan lokacin na shekarar 2016. (Ceylon A Yau 2018). Mahimmancin tura kudi zuwa daidaiton biyan kuɗi da tattalin arziƙin Sri Lanka, yana da girman da wasu suka bayyana tattalin arzikin Sri Lanka na wannan zamanin a matsayin 'tattalin arzikin da ke dogaro da kuɗi.

Adadin ma'aikata na kasashen waje da ke aiki a Sri Lanka ya haura zuwa 1,189,359 (kimanin kashi 14% na yawan ma'aikata sama da shekaru 18) zuwa Disambar 2016 a cewar Ministar Aiki ta Kasashen Waje Thalatha Athukorala.

Akwai matsakaita 'fitarwa' a kowace shekara game da 260,000 wanda 66% maza ne. Kuyangin gidan sun kai kusan 26%. (Ofishin Sri Lanka na Aikin Kasashen waje –SLBFE 2017).

Aikin yawon bude ido na cikin gida

An yi la'akari da yawon shakatawa a matsayin daya daga cikin manyan masana'antu da ke samar da damammakin ayyukan yi ga matasa. Rahoton shekara-shekara na Hukumar Ci gaban Sri Lanka (SLTDA) 2016 ya nuna cewa akwai ma'aikata 146,115 a duk maki a cikin aikin kai tsaye a cikin masana'antar. Duk da haka, masana'antar yawon shakatawa na da babban tasiri mai yawa, inda aka kiyasta cewa kowane 100 aikin yi kai tsaye da aka samar a cikin sashin yawon shakatawa na Sri Lanka, yana haifar da ayyukan yi na kai tsaye 140 a cikin ƙarin sassan (WTTC, 2012). Dangane da wannan jimillar ma'aikatan yawon shakatawa na Sri Lanka yakamata ya zama kusan 205,000. Koyaya, ainihin ɓangaren da ba na yau da kullun wanda ya haɗa da ƴan sana'o'i daban-daban, masu aikin rairayin bakin teku, da sauransu waɗanda ke da hannu a yawon buɗe ido, sun ƙunshi adadi mai yawa. Don haka kwararrun masana'antu suna da ra'ayin cewa ainihin tasirin yawon shakatawa a rayuwar mutane zai iya wuce 300,000.

A cewar SLTDA wasu sabbin dakuna 15,346 za su fara aiki nan da shekarar 2020 a cikin sabbin cibiyoyi 189 a cikin na yau da kullun. Wannan marubucin ya kiyasta cewa sabbin ma'aikatan da ake buƙata don hidimar waɗannan sabbin ɗakuna za su kasance kusan 87,000 kawai a cikin kai tsaye / na yau da kullun). Idan aka yi la’akari da yawan tasirin sashe na yau da kullun, wannan jimillar zai iya kumbura zuwa sama da 200,000, wanda ke haifar da jimillar ma’aikata a cikin yawon shakatawa na kusan 500,000 ko fiye nan da 2020 (The WTTC yana tsammanin wannan adadi zai ɗan yi girma a mutane 602,000).

Wannan yana nufin cewa kusan kashi 7% -8% na ƙungiyar kwadago ta Sri Lanka za su shiga yawon buɗe ido a shekarar 2020.

Ma'aikatan yawon shakatawa na gida a cikin aikin yi na ƙasashen waje

Sanannen sanannen abu ne cewa yawancin ma'aikata masu karɓan baƙi na Sri Lanka suna aiki a Gabas ta Tsakiya da Maldives. Koyaya, babu tabbatattun ƙididdigar waɗannan lambobin.

Saboda haka wasu zato na ra'ayin mazan jiya za'a sanya su kamar haka, don kimanta waɗannan lambobin.

Adadin ma'aikata SL da ke ƙasashen waje: - 1,189,359
Kashi na 'Yan Matan Gidan (ref. SLFBE): - 26%
Ka ɗauka cewa kashi 12% na rukunin ba 'yar aiki ba aiki ne da ya shafi yawon buɗe ido.

Saboda haka akan wannan asalin lalacewar zata kasance kamar haka:

hoto 2 | eTurboNews | eTN

Wannan binciken yana nuna cewa za'a iya ɗaukar wasu ma'aikatan yawon buɗe ido na SL dubu 140,000 a cikin ƙasashen waje. A cewar SLFEB, a matsakaita ma'aikata 260,000 ke barin aikin kasashen waje duk shekara. Idan aka yi amfani da irin abubuwan da aka ambata a sama, to hakan na nufin cewa fitowar shekara-shekara ko kuma 'fitowar' ma'aikata na yawon bude ido duk shekara zai kai kimanin 30,000.

Sanarwa

Daga binciken da aka yi na yau da kullun, ana ganin cewa wasu ma'aikatan yawon bude ido 140,000 suna aiki a kasashen waje kuma yadda ya kamata 'ke' bata kimanin ma'aikata 30,000 a kowace shekara.

Batun da ke gab da haka shine shin wannan abu ne mai kyau ko mara kyau.

A duban farko ya nuna cewa SL tana rasa kwararrun ma'aikatan yawon buɗe ido zuwa kamfanoni a ƙasashen waje, wanda hakan shine 'ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwa'.

Koyaya, zurfin nazarin wannan al'amuran yana nuna ɗan hoto daban.

mataki 1 - Kamar yadda yawancin masu yawon bude ido suka sani a masana'antar otal a cikin SL, sau da yawa, ƙananan samari waɗanda ba su da ƙwarewa suna shiga wurin hutawa don fara aikinsu na karɓar baƙi. Suna farawa daga matakan ƙasa, suna samun gogewa kuma suna aiki akan matakan su a cikin sashin da suka zaɓa ko fannin su. Ko da kayan yau da kullun na ladabi da ladabi ana cusa su a cikin mahalli. Sabili da haka, yawancin otal-otal masu kyau sune ainihin wuraren horo don samari masu sha'awar otal.

PIC 3 | eTurboNews | eTN

mataki 2 - Bayan wasu shekaru na samun gogewa, mai daukar aiki ya hau kan mukamai a wajen neman manyan mukamai na aiki.

mataki 3 - Daga karshe mutum na iya barin wurin shakatawa don aiki a otal din otal mai tauraro 5, don samun karin kwarewa da ilimi. Mafi yawancin lokuta mafarkin matashi ne ya yi aiki a otal otal mai tauraruwa, wanda hakan ke ba shi damar fallasa masana'antar.

mataki 4 - Bayan wasu shekaru na aiki a otal din otal din tauraro biyar, matashin mai neman ya nemi aikin yi a kasashen waje. Kyakkyawan albashi, kayan masauki, tikitin jirgi da sauran fa'idodi suna jan hankalin waɗannan samari da 'yan matan ƙasar waje kan aikin kwangila. Yawancin alamun otal na duniya waɗanda ke aiki a Gabas ta Tsakiya da Maldives suna neman ma'aikatan da ke da ƙwarewa mai kyau a cikin yanayin tauraro 5. Don haka, ba sabon abu bane don ganin ƙaƙƙarfan ƙaura na kwararrun ma'aikata zuwa ƙasashen waje don yin aiki a can.

mataki 5 - A cikin kyakkyawar yanayin aiki na baƙuncin baƙi, musamman tare da alamomin ƙasashen waje, akwai haɗuwa da manyan ayyuka ga ƙwarewa da ƙwarewa, galibi galibi suna aiki tare da kusanci da manyan mashahuran duniya a fannoni daban-daban. Ta wannan hanyar ne matashin ke samun tarin ilimi da gogewa yayin da ake biyan sa albashi yadda ya dace.

mataki 6 - Yawancin galibi irin wannan aikin na ƙasashen waje yana kan ƙayyadadden lokacin kwangila ne, mai yuwuwa za'a iya sabunta shi akan cyan hawan keke. A ƙarshe ma'aikacin ya sami isasshen kuɗi don rayuwarsa a gida a Sri Lanka kuma ya yanke shawarar dawowa. Lokacin da ya dawo tare da sabon kwarewarsa da iliminsa a ƙarƙashin ɗamarar sa, yawancin otal-otal a cikin birni ko wuraren hutawa cikin sauƙi za su ɗauke shi, a matsayi mafi girma fiye da kafin ya tafi.

Don haka, an rufe zagayen, tare da ƙaramin ma'aikacin yanzu a cikin matsayi mafi girma duka a wurin aiki da zamantakewar al'umma, tare da ɗan tanadi mai kyau a banki don kula da iyalinsa.

Kammalawa

Daga nazarin da kimantawa da aka gabatar, ya bayyana cewa dangane da masana'antar yawon bude ido, ficewar ma'aikata zuwa kasashen waje, gaba daya ba zai zama mummunan abu ga masana'antar ba. Ma'aikatan da ke zuwa ƙasashen waje sun dawo da ƙwarewa da ƙwarewa a ƙarshen kwantiragin su a ƙasashen waje.

Akwai labarai da yawa irin na karfafa gwiwa da labarai masu kyau na wadanda suka dawo daga gidajensu. Saboda haka bazai zama masifa da masifa ba ga masana'antar otal saboda ma'aikata da ke barin Sri Lanka don jin daɗin ƙasashen waje. Ba tare da la'akari da shi a matsayin 'Brain - Drain' ba, watakila masana'antar karɓar baƙi ta ɗauki wannan azaman 'Brain - Gain'.

 

Srilal Miththapala 1 | eTurboNews | eTN

Marubucin, Srilal Miththapala, yana da kwarewar farko-farko na ganin irin waɗannan ma'aikata sun dawo bayan haɓaka ayyukansu a ƙasashen waje. Aya daga cikin abin da za a ambata shi ne na Babban Jami'in Kula da Gidan Aljanna a ɗayan wuraren shakatawa da marubucin ya yi aiki tare. Wannan takamaiman ma'aikacin ya kasance mai karatun digiri na aikin gona kuma ba da daɗewa ba ya sami ci gaba a matsayin masanin kayan lambu don yin watsi da kadarorin ƙungiyar. Ya sami aiki a matsayin mataimakin mai kula da lambu a Ritz Carlton a Bahrain, inda a ƙarshe ya zama babban mai kula da lamura na ayyukan ƙungiyar na Gabas ta Tsakiya, inda ya ci kyaututtuka da yawa don shimfidar lambun rukunin otal ɗin. Bayan ya yi aiki na shekaru 12, yanzu ya dawo, tare da buɗaɗɗun aiki, don komawa ƙungiyar Ritz Carlton a kowane lokaci.

Game da marubucin

Avatar na Srilal Miththapala - eTN Sri Lanka

Srilal Miththapala - eTN Sri Lanka

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