Isra'ila babbar 'yar giya ce, tana samar da nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan kosher waɗanda ba don bukukuwan addini kawai ba, bukukuwa, da abinci na al'ada. Mata ba a ba su iko ba tukuna. Wannan labarin ruwan inabi mai ƙima yana fitar da shi duka kuma yana da fahimta. Barka da warhaka!
Barkan Winery
Idan baku taɓa jin wannan ba, bari in raba muku shi yanzu… Isra'ila babban ɗan wasan giya ne. samar da lambar yabo kosher iri-iri waɗanda ba kawai don bukukuwan addini, ayyukan ibada, da abinci na al'ada ba.
Kasuwannin Niyya
Wanene ya sayi ruwan inabi kosher daga Isra'ila? Mafi girman kasuwar fitar da giya na Isra'ila ita ce Amurka, tare da fiye da kashi 50 na kayan da ake samarwa zuwa wannan kasuwa da aka yi niyya; Turai na karɓar kashi 35 cikin 5.5 na ruwan inabi kosher, sauran kuma, yawan adadin girma, ana karɓa a Gabas Mai Nisa. Amurka ita ce babbar kasuwa mai yuwuwar sayar da giya na Isra'ila saboda wannan ƙasa tana da Yahudawa kusan miliyan XNUMX da Isra'ilawa sama da rabin miliyan da ke zaune a Amurka.
Isra'ila tana girbin kusan ton 60,000 na inabin inabi kuma tana samar da kwalaben giya sama da miliyan 40 (2021). Akwai wuraren sayar da giya kusan saba'in, kuma manyan wuraren cin abinci goma suna sarrafa kashi 90 cikin ɗari na samarwa. Fitar da kayayyaki, yana ƙaruwa kowace shekara, ana ƙimanta sama da dala miliyan 40.
Farkon ruwan inabi. Na gode Nuhu.
Isra'ila sabuwar ƙasa ce ta Duniya a ɗaya daga cikin tsoffin yankuna masu noman inabi a Gabashin Bahar Rum, inda aka fara al'adar giya.
Kafin Helenawa da Romawa, da kuma a gaban Italiyanci da Faransanci, mazaunan suna yin ruwan inabi a Isra'ila ta dā.
An ambaci ruwan inabi a cikin Littafi Mai Tsarki na King James sau 233, yayin da New International Version ya ambata 240.
A cikin Littafi Mai-Tsarki (Littafin Farawa) an rubuta cewa yayin da ruwan tufana ya janye (2350 BC), Nuhu, da iyalinsa, da dabbobi, biyu-biyu, suka sauka.
Nuhu ya sami fili kusa, ya fara dasa gonar inabi. Wataƙila ba ita ce gonar inabin farko da za a dasa a duniya ba, amma ita ce ta farko da aka rubuta ta mallaki gonar inabin.
Yankin da Nuhu ya dasa gonar inabinsa shine Dutsen Ararat, wanda ke cikin tsaunin Caucasus, wanda a yanzu ake kira iyakar Armeniya ta Turkiyya. Shaidun archaeological sun tabbatar da cewa wannan shi ne yankin kusa da Jojiya inda na farko wineries aka kafa a kananan kauyuka.
Yawancin matse ruwan inabi da manyan tulun yumbu (Kvevris) da ake amfani da su don fermentation da ajiya an gano su a cikin Isra'ila. An niƙa 'ya'yan inabi a ƙarƙashin ƙafar ƙafa a cikin kwandon dutse mai zurfi. Fermentation ya kasance na halitta kuma nan da nan. An bar ruwan inabin da ya haifar da tsufa a cikin amphorae na tukwane, sau da yawa a cikin kogon duhu masu sanyi, yana nuna cewa ƙungiyoyin maza da mata sun fara noman kurangar inabin daji da kuma girma inabi a farkon 6000 BC.
An sha ruwan inabi da yawa domin ya fi na ruwa lafiya a sha, kuma akwai cinikin inabin da ya ci gaba sosai.
Bayan cin nasarar Muslin da kafuwar Daular Usmaniyya, masana'antar ruwan inabi da ta daɗe ta bushe. Yin ruwan inabi a ƙarni na 19 sana'a ce ta cikin gida kawai don larurar al'ada.
A cikin 1880s, Yahudawa sun fara komawa Isra'ila don neman aiki mai dacewa. Baron Baron Faransa Edmund de Rothschild, wanda ya mallaki gidan inabi na Bordeaux, Chateau Lafite ne ya tallafa da kuma ba da kuɗi. Ya kafa masana'antar ruwan inabi ta Isra'ila ta zamani tare da jari mai yawa ta hanyar dasa gonakin inabi, gina manyan gidajen inabi tare da ɗakunan ajiya mai zurfi na ƙasa, da aika ƙwararrun Faransanci, waɗanda suka haɗa da masu yin giya da masana aikin gona, don koya wa Isra'ilawa yadda ake yin ruwan inabi. Ƙoƙarin da ya yi na samar da ruwan inabi mai kyau ya yi nasara kamar yadda kayan inabinsa shine farkon ƙungiyar ruwan inabi ta Karmel.
A cikin 1980s, an shigo da ƙwararrun California don kawo sabon juyin juya halin ruwan inabi na Duniya wanda ke gabatar da dabaru na zamani a cikin gidan inabin da gonar inabinsa. A cikin 1990s, ƙananan wuraren sayar da giya da ke yin giya tare da sha'awa da ɗaiɗaikun ɗaiɗaiɗi sun ba da sanarwar fara bunƙasa kayan inabi. A cikin 2000s, ruwan inabi na Isra'ila ya zama mafi korar ta'addanci, yana yin ruwan inabi daga gonakin inabi guda ɗaya yayin ganowa da rarrabe halaye daga maƙallan kowane mutum a cikin gonar inabinsa. Isra'ila ta sami karɓuwa mai inganci a matakin farko a karon farko.
Kosher Wines Kafin Jiha
Isra'ila tana da yankuna biyar na noman ruwan inabi: Negev, Tudun Yahudiya, Samson, Samariya, da Galili-Golan. Manyan masu samar da ruwan inabi na Isra'ila sune Karmel, Golan Heights, da Barkan, waɗanda ke fitar da miliyoyin kwalabe a shekara. A yau akwai kusan 350 wineries boutique.
Ana fitar da kusan kashi 15 na giyar Isra'ila zuwa kasashen waje; na wannan, kashi 80 na kosher, tare da kasa da kashi 15 da aka samar don dalilai na sacrament.
Karmel ita ce babbar kasuwar inabi a Isra'ila kuma mafi girma a cikin kayan inabi a duniya da ke samar da ruwan inabi kosher. Barkan Cellars (yana da ruwan inabi na Segal) shine na biyu mafi girma a cikin inabi a Isra'ila kuma mallakin babbar masana'antar giya ta Isra'ila, Tempo Beer Industries, babban mashawarcin Isra'ila da ƙungiyar abubuwan sha na biyu mafi girma waɗanda ke wakiltar samfuran duniya kamar Heineken, Chivas Regal, Absolut, da Pepsi Cola. . Binyamina ita ce kantin inabi ta biyar mafi girma a Isra'ila kuma mallakar babban kanti na Hetzi Hinam.
Isra'ila Viticulture
Ba shi da sauƙi a shuka inabi a Isra’ila domin akwai rashin ruwa na yau da kullun kuma yankin bakin teku yana iya zama zafi da ɗanɗano. An lura da waɗannan ƙalubalen, kuma a yanzu yankunan da suka fi saurin girma ta fuskar dasa sabbin gonakin inabi su ne Tudun Yahudiya, Tudun Yahuda, Saman Galili, da Tuddan Golan, yayin da yawancin waɗannan wuraren suna tashi daga mita 400 zuwa mita 1000 sama da matakin teku. Haɗa rana ta Isra'ila, tuddai, da wuraren tsaunuka tare da ƙasa na farar ƙasa, terra rossa, da tuff mai aman wuta, kuma wannan ƙaramar ƙasa tana zama mafarkin mai shan inabi.
Saboda rashin ruwan sama a lokacin noman noma, ban ruwa na drip fee yana da mahimmanci. Isra’ilawa ne suka yi majagaba a farkon shekarun 1960 kuma yanzu ana amfani da ita a harkar noma a duk duniya. Wurin da aka fi so na gonar inabin Isra'ila shine gangare mai fuskantar arewa tare da kurangar inabi da aka dasa gabas zuwa yamma. Iskar da ke sanyayawar iska daga yammaci na iya shiga cikin layuka na kurangar inabi kuma suna da tasiri mai sanyaya, samar da iskar iska da kuma rage zafi da rage matsakaita yanayin zafi.
o Yawancin gonakin inabi da aka dasa a cikin shekaru ashirin da biyar da suka gabata sun dace da ma'auni - mita 1.5 tsakanin kurangar inabi da mita 3 tsakanin layuka.
o Yawan inabin inabin shine 2220 a kowace kadada
o girbin injina
o Ana shirya girbi don maraice kuma ana kai shi kai tsaye zuwa wurin shan inabi a cikin sanyin safiya.
o Gudanar da alfarwa yana da mahimmanci a ƙasa mai zafi
o Mai da hankali kan rage ƙarfin kurangar inabi da kare inabi daga faɗuwa da yawa.
o Yawancin gonakin inabin ana dasa su ta amfani da Matsayin Shooting na tsaye (VSP)
Abin da ake buƙata don zama Kosher
Don zama kosher a ƙarƙashin dokokin abinci na Yahudawa, dole ne a samar da ruwan inabi daga farko zuwa ƙarshe ta wani Bayahude mai lura da babba namiji; duk da haka, waɗanda ba Yahudawa ba za su iya mallakar gonar inabin kuma har ma da ɗiban inabin. Kosher (Yiddish don KYAU ko FIT), samarwa dole ne ya kasance:
1. rabbi ne ke kula da shi
2. Ya ƙunshi sinadarai na kosher kawai (ciki har da yisti da masu tara kuɗi)
3. Dole ne a sarrafa ta ta amfani da ƙwararrun kayan aikin rabbin don yin giyar kosher
4. Ba tare da ƙara abubuwan adanawa ko launuka na wucin gadi ba
5. Yahudawa masu kiyaye Asabar suna sarrafa, daga kurangar inabi zuwa gilashin ruwan inabi, sai dai idan ruwan inabin shine MEVUSHAL.
6. Giyayen Mevushal, sabanin ruwan inabin kosher na yau da kullun, waɗanda ba Yahudawa ba zasu iya sarrafa su kuma su yi amfani da su.
+ duk da haka, masu kera sun haɓaka dabarun walƙiya-pasteurization waɗanda ke rage tasirin tasirin ruwan inabi
8. Don zama kosher don Idin Ƙetarewa, ruwan inabin dole ne ya kasance mara amfani da wasu abubuwan ƙari (watau, syrup na masara da legumes)
Barkan
An gabatar da ni ga Barkan Wines a wani taron da aka yi kwanan nan a birnin New York wanda Barkan Winery da Ƙungiyar Ma'aikatan Wine na Isra'ila (WPA) suka dauki nauyin gudanarwa, ƙungiyar da aka kafa don gudanar da manyan gine-gine na Isra'ila da kuma inganta Isra'ila a matsayin yanki mai samar da ruwan inabi mai kyau.
An fara Barkan Winery a cikin 1990 ta Shmuel Boxer da Yair Lerner. Da farko dai ana gudanar da ayyukan ne a rukunin masana'antu na Barkan, kusa da Ariel. A cikin 1994 kamfanin ya tafi jama'a kuma ya ƙaura zuwa sabon wurin sayar da inabi a Hulda, kusa da Rehovot, tare da gonar inabin hectare 120, mafi girma a ƙasar. Manyan masu hannun jari a Barkan sune Shmuel Boxer, Yair Lerner, da Zivit Shapir.
Barkan Wine Cellars yana samar da kwalabe miliyan 12-14 a shekara. Yana karɓar inabi daga wuraren shan inabi a tuddan Golan, Galili na sama, Galili ta ƙasa, yankin Dutsen Tabor, Dutsen Urushalima, da Mitzpe Ramon.
Barkan ya hada da Village, La Tavola, Barkani Classic, Reserve, Sa hannu, Mafi girma, da Tsayi. Kamfanin yana aiki tare da haɗin gwiwar wineries na duniya, ciki har da Royal Wine Company (US), Kedem Europe Ltd (UK) da Ron Riess Import Export (Jamus da S.AR.L.L Zaoui (Faransa).
Babban mashawarcin giya shine Ido Levinson, wanda yayi karatun viticulture da enology a Italiya a Jami'ar Milan kuma yayi aiki a Tuscany, Faransa, Australia, da Isra'ila. A cikin 2017 an nada shi Shugaban Winemaker na Barkan-Segal Wine Cellars. Levinson shine Jagora na biyu na Wine a Isra'ila kuma ɗayan 409 masters (MW) a duk duniya, wanda akwai masu shan giya 100.
Inabin
Kulawar Kosher: Ok. Rabbi Ungar, Rabbi Berger. Cabernet Sauvignon. Ba Mevushal ba. Kosher don Idin Ƙetarewa. Maturation a cikin ganga itacen oak na Faransa. Wannan ruwan inabi an haɗe shi da ɗanɗano yisti na ɗan ƙasa, a zahiri ana samunsa a gonar inabin da inabi. Dabarar ta haifar da saiti na musamman da ƙamshi.
Bayanan kula. Zuwa ido, ja mai duhu ja tare da baki-ja-zuwa-purple. Hanci yana samun blackberries, blackcurrants, black plums, cloves, earth, wood, vanilla light, dark cakulan, kofi, da barkono baƙar fata. Tare da matsakaicin acidity, yana ba da jin daɗin bakin mai santsi. A busasshen baki tare da cherries, raspberries, blueberries, itacen oak, kayan yaji, da barkono. Kyawawan tannins hade da tangy raspberries sun ƙare da ɗanɗanon dandano mai daɗi. Da tsayin kwalban ya kasance a buɗe, mafi kyawun nunin tannins.
Marawi (aka Hamdani) ɗaya ne daga cikin ƴan inabin inabi na Isra'ila daga Bar Giora a cikin tsaunin Yahudiya. Itacen inabin ya kasance sama da shekaru 2000, an sake dawo da shi, kuma yanzu ana yin shi ta hanyar kasuwanci. Tare da haɗin gwiwa tare da binciken Dr. Shivi Drori a Jami'ar Ariel da sababbin kayan inabi irin su Segal, yanzu akwai damar da za a iya samun tsohuwar innabi. Bayan fermentation a cikin bakin karfe, ruwan inabi ya cika watanni takwas a cikin ganga itacen oak na Faransa tare da ci gaba da batonnage.
Bayanan kula. An gabatar da ido da matsakaicin launin ruwan zinare na lemun tsami. Tare da hanci na kusa da gilashin, zan iya samun itacen oak mai haske tare da alamun 'ya'yan itacen dutse da citrus. Kwarewar ɓangarorin yana da haske da ƙwanƙwasa, sannan lemons da kore apple.
Idan kuna son ruwan inabi mai 'ya'yan itace, ɗan ƙasa zai zama BFF ɗin ku, kuma zaku ji daɗi har zuwa ganyayen innabi da nectarines waɗanda aka haskaka ta hanyar sip ɗin yaji bayan sip, gilashi bayan gilashi.
Ana shuka inabi a cikin Saman Galili.
Bayanan kula. Zurfin shunayya mai duhu ga ido da blackberries, baƙar fata cherries, da alamun itacen oak, nutmeg, sabbin ganye, da ganyen ganye suna sa hanci ya cika aiki. Matsakaici mai cikakken jiki akan ɓangarorin da aka haɓaka ta graphite da licorice, yaji, basil, da taba. Tannins suna tashi kuma suna kaiwa zuwa dogon ƙare.
E Dakta Elinor a hankali. Wannan labarin haƙƙin mallaka, gami da hotuna, ba za a sake buga shi ba tare da rubutaccen izini daga marubucin ba.
