A cikin shekaru da dama da suka gabata hawan jirgin cikin gida a Iran ya zama kamar wasan roulette na Rasha.
Tun daga shekara ta 2002 an samu munanan hadurran jiragen sama guda tara, inda mutane 302 suka mutu a cikin jirgi daya, sannan jimillar adadin wadanda suka mutu ya kai kusan 700. Wasu daga cikin wadannan jiragen na sufurin sojoji ne, yayin da wasu jiragen kasuwanci ne da sojoji ko kuma masu kare juyin juya hali a cikin jirgin. da sauran su zalla kasuwanci.
Kowanne daga cikin wadannan jiragen ya kasance a sararin samaniyar Iran, ko kadan makiya. Don haka wanene ko menene laifin waɗannan mummunan ƙarewar zuwa ga alama na yau da kullun?
"Kiyaye jirgin da kansu wani muhimmin sashi ne," in ji Philip Butterworth-Hayes, editan mai ba da shawara a Binciken Filin Jirgin Sama na Jane. "Aikin jirgin a cikin tsarin kula da zirga-zirgar jiragen sama shine ɗayan."
Kula da jirgin na iya zama matsala.
"Gaskiyar magana ita ce Iran kasa ce da aka sanya mata takunkumi na tsawon shekaru 30. Idan ba ku da damar yin ciniki na yau da kullun tare da ƙwararrun sassan duniya a cikin amincin zirga-zirgar jiragen sama, yana nufin cewa ba za ku sami mafi kyawun kayan aikin da za ku iya ba, ”in ji David Kaminski-Morrow, mataimakin labarai. editan Mujallar Flight International.
Wasu jami'an Iran sun bayyana irin wannan ra'ayi amma sun fi daukar hankali. Manajan daraktan kamfanin jiragen sama na Iran, Davoud Keshavarzian ya shaidawa kanfanin dillancin labaran Iran IRNA cewa: "Takunkumi ya hana Iran siyan jiragen sama, koda kashi 10 cikin XNUMX ne na Amurka kera."
Ko Amurka ta sa ya yi matukar wahala, abin da za su iya yi, Iran ta mallaki na'urorin jirgin sama, dora laifin a kan Amurka ba zai dawo da wadanda suka mutu a hadarin ba. Bugu da ƙari, dole ne a yi la'akari da rashin nauyi a sanya jirgin sama da ke ɗauke da jami'an sojan ƙasa da 'yan ƙasa a cikin iska yayin da manajan daraktan jiragen ruwa na kasa ya ji ba zai iya samun isassun kayan aikin da ake bukata don tashi lafiya ba.
Butterworth-Hayes ya ƙi yarda da ra'ayin Keshavarzian sosai.
“Ba Amurka ce kawai ke samar da sassan ba. Turai tana samar da jiragen sama da yawa a yanzu kamar yadda Amurka ke yi. Yawancin abubuwan more rayuwa na Iran sun dogara ne akan kayan aikin Rasha kuma ana iya jigilar kayan aikin Rasha [a cikin] kamar yadda kayan aikin Amurka ko na Turai suke. Don haka zargi Amurka ba abu ne mai yiwuwa ba,” inji shi.
Kaminski-Morrow ya bayyana cewa: “Dole ne su bi ta wasu tashoshi. Yana kara wahala. Iraniyawa ba za su tashi da jirgin da ya lalace gaba daya ba."
Kasancewar jami'an Iran sun zargi Amurka da wasu matsalolin da suke fuskanta a fannin jiragen sama ya haifar da wani batu mai ban sha'awa.
"Batun siyasa da amincin jiragen sama abu ne mai matukar matsala," in ji Butterworth-Hayes. "Game da amincin jirgin saman farar hula, yanayin siyasa bai kamata ya taka komai ba."
An ƙirƙiri Hukumar Kula da Sufurin Jiragen Sama ta Duniya (ICAO) a ƙoƙarin ɗaukaka amincin farar hula sama da yanayin siyasa da aiwatar da ka'idoji, matakai da tsarin zirga-zirgar jiragen sama da amintaccen jigilar jama'a na ƙasa da ƙasa.
Duk ƙasashen da ke cikin ICAO - kuma ta hanyar tsohuwa duk masu jigilar jiragen sama, Iran ta haɗa da - dole ne su bi ƙa'idodin da ke wurin a matsayin ƙaramin ma'auni na aminci. Koyaya, yayin da ICAO ke kula da zirga-zirgar jiragen sama, don zirga-zirgar jiragen sama na soja ka'idojin aminci gaba ɗaya sun dogara da ƙasar ɗaya.
Lamarin ya zama mai sarkakiya ga kamfani kamar Saha Airline Services, jirgin sama mallakin rundunar sojojin saman Iran amma kuma yana da jiragen farar hula na cikin gida.
Daya daga cikin jiragen Boeing 707 na Saha guda uku, wani jirgin da aka kera don safarar sojoji, ya samu gazawar kaya ko tayar mota lokacin da ya sauka kuma daga karshe ya fadi a karshen titin jirgin, inda fasinjoji biyu suka mutu.
Saha na ɗaya daga cikin ƙananan kamfanonin jiragen sama a duniya da ke amfani da Boeing 707 don jigilar farar hula. A matsayinsa na reshen Rundunar Sojan Sama na Iran amma ɗauke da farar hula, yana da ban sha'awa game da wane tsari na tsaro ake bi - ICAO ko matsayin sojojin sama.
"Dole ne ku duba kididdigar kasa da kasa. Daga mahangar kididdiga ta kasa da kasa da alama akwai yawan jami'an soji da ke shiga cikin hadarurruka fiye da safarar jama'a," in ji Butterworth-Hayes.
“Wannan lamari ne na duniya. Yawancin abin da ya shafi nau'in jiragen sama ne, da kuma yadda sojoji ba sa bukatar bin ka'idojin ICAO."
Idan za a iya samun kayan aiki kuma a bi ka'idojin tsaro, ba tare da la'akari da takunkumi ba, to a fili akwai yiwuwar wani abu a wasa, mai yuwuwa rashin wasa.
A ranar 19 ga Fabrairu, 2003, wani dan kasar Iran Ilyushin-76 dauke da mambobi 302 na manyan dakarun kare juyin juya halin Musulunci na Iran ya fada gefen wani dutse inda ya kashe duk wanda ke cikinsa. Gwamnati dai ba ta kaddamar da bincike kan hatsarin ba, illa kawai rashin kyawun yanayi, kuma a zahiri ta dakatar da neman bakin akwatin saboda rashin kyawun yanayi.
Daga baya gwamnatin Iran ta sake duba adadin wadanda suka mutu zuwa 275. Duk da haka, jirgin Iran Ilyushin-76 yana da matsakaicin iya daukar fasinjoji kusan 140, to daga ina ne wadannan karin fasinjojin suka fito? Wataƙila hadarin ba shi da alaƙa da mummunan yanayi kuma jirgin ya yi yawa?
Ba tare da la'akari da ko wasan da ba daidai ba ya shiga, ko kuma kawai ba a kiyaye ka'idodin zirga-zirgar jiragen sama ba, ba kome ba ne abin da ya haifar da haɗarin jirgin sama a baya, in ji Butterworth-Hayes.
“Gaskiya da buɗe ido da ka’idojin duniya sune mahimmanci; bai kamata a yi hatsarin jirgin sama a duniya ba. Mun san abubuwa da yawa game da jirgin sama a yanzu; bai kamata a yi hatsarin jirgin sama daya ba."
