Jaraba masu yawon bude ido lokacin da tashin bam ya zama ba sauki

MIRISSA, Sri Lanka - Ƙasashen Asiya da suka gaji da yaƙi suna shirin sabbin magunguna ga matafiya a wani yunƙuri na samun kuɗi a kan "rarrabuwar zaman lafiya".

Gwamnatoci suna ta fafutuka don maye gurbin hotunan rikici da tayin hutun mafarki, daga kallon whale a Sri Lanka zuwa balaguron shakatawa a Nepal, yin zuzzurfan tunani a Bali da golf a Cambodia.

rairayin bakin teku na zinare na Sri Lanka, tare da gonakin shayi da wuraren ibada na da, sun daɗe suna jan hankalin baƙi - amma adadin ya ragu yayin da shekaru da yawa na yaƙi ya addabi tsibirin na zafi mai siffar hawaye.

Lokacin da sojojin gwamnati suka yi ikirarin samun nasara a kan 'yan tawayen Tamil Tiger a watan Mayu, shugabannin yawon bude ido sun fara aiki, suna kaddamar da wani kamfen mai taken "Sri Lanka: Small Miracle", don goge hotonta bayan yakin.

Daya daga cikin sabbin ayyukan da aka tsara don siyar da kasar a matsayin makoma daban-daban shine kallon kifin kifi, wanda aka mayar da hankali kan manyan dabbobi masu shayarwa da ke zuwa gabar tekun tsibirin tsakanin Disamba da Afrilu.

Masanin kimiyyar halittun ruwa dan kasar Burtaniya Charles Anderson ya ce adadin masu launin shudi da ruwan maniyyi da kuma kusancinsu ga bakin teku ya sa tsibirin ya zama abin sha'awa ga yawan masu yawon bude ido.

"Sri Lanka tana da babbar dama ta zama wurin kifin kifi," in ji Anderson na Maldives, wanda ya kwashe shekaru 25 yana nazarin kifin tekun Indiya.

Dileep Mudadeniya, Manajan Darakta na Ofishin Buga Bugawa na Sri Lanka, ya yi kiyasin kamfen ɗin talla zai taimaka wajen haɓaka masu zuwa yawon buɗe ido da akalla kashi 20 cikin ɗari zuwa baƙi 500,000 a cikin 2010.

"Muna da hoton da aka kalubalanci yaki da shawarwarin tafiye-tafiye. Yanzu yaki ya kare. Akwai sha'awarmu da yawa kuma za mu ga tashin hankali nan da Nuwamba," Mudadeniya ya shaida wa AFP.

Wata ƙasa da aka 'yanta kwanan nan daga rigingimun, Nepal, kuma tana fatan cewa zaman lafiya zai dawo da masu yawon bude ido kuma yana neman gwada su da sabon "Tsarin Himalayan" wanda ke tafiyar da tsawon kasar.

Adadin masu yawon bude ido da ke balaguro zuwa Nepal ya ragu a lokacin yakin basasa na shekaru 10 tsakanin sojoji da 'yan tawayen Maoist wanda ya kawo karshe a shekara ta 2006.

Amma a bara mutane 550,000 sun ziyarci jihar Himalaya bayan da gwamnatocin kasashen waje suka sassauta gargadin balaguro.

Hukumomin yawon bude ido sun ce suna fatan jawo hankalin mutane miliyan guda nan da shekara ta 2011, kuma suna mai da hankali kan wasu yankunan kasar da ba su ci gaba ba, inda ‘yan kasashen waje kalilan suka shiga.

Aditya Baral, darektan hukumar yawon bude ido ta Nepal ya ce "Muna yin banki kan rabon zaman lafiya."

"Akwai yankuna da yawa da ba a gano su ba a yammaci da gabashin Nepal kuma a wannan lokacin muna ƙoƙarin ƙoƙarinmu don ƙarfafa mutane su ziyarci wuraren da mutane kaɗan ne suka yi balaguro."

Tsari ɗaya - har yanzu yana kan matakinsa na farko - ya haɗa da ƙirƙirar "Hanyar Himalayan", ɗaukar masu tattaki zuwa wasu yankuna masu nisa na ƙasar.

Hanyar za ta danganta hanyoyin da mutanen yankin suka riga suka yi amfani da su don jigilar kayayyaki da dabbobi, kuma zai ɗauki watanni uku kafin a kammala - tare da yawancin baƙi ana sa ran za su yi tafiya da shi.

Hatta tashin hankali na lokaci-lokaci na iya lalata kasuwancin yawon bude ido na kasa, kamar yadda tsibirin shakatawa na Bali na Indonesiya ya koyi tsadarsa bayan hare-haren bama-bamai na masu tsattsauran ra'ayin Islama a 2002 da 2005 ya kashe mutane kusan 220.

Harin bama-bamai na farko na Bali ya katse masu yawon bude ido na kasashen waje da kashi 70 cikin dari - kuma sun dauki shekaru suna dawowa.

Sakatare-janar na hukumar yawon bude ido ta Bali Anak Agung Suryawan Wiranatha, ya ce tsibirin ya tallata kanshi a matsayin matattarar zaman lafiya domin dakile munanan sakamakon tashin bama-bamai.

“Yanzu muna inganta Bali a matsayin wurin zaman lafiya da ruhi. Muna inganta yoga da tunani a tsibirin, "in ji Wiranatha.

“Yanzu yawon shakatawa na kiwon lafiya da wuraren shakatawa suna haɓaka. Su ne abubuwan da masu yawon bude ido daga Japan da Koriya suka fi so."

Amma ba abu ne mai sauki ba a sake gina yawon bude ido a kasar da ta fuskanci tashe-tashen hankula, kamar Cambodia, inda sama da mutane miliyan biyu suka mutu a karkashin mummunan mulkin Khmer Rouge a shekarun 1970.

Shekaru goma da aka shafe ana gwabza fada a cikin 1998, kuma yawon bude ido a yanzu ya zama daya daga cikin 'yan tsirarun hanyoyin samun kudaden waje ga al'ummar kudu maso gabashin Asiya da ke fama da talauci.

Ko da yake Cambodia yanzu tana jan hankalin baƙi fiye da miliyan biyu na baƙi a shekara, yawancinsu suna tsayawa ne kawai don ganin tsohuwar haikalin Angkor Wat da aka jera a tarihin duniya.

"Muna bukatar lokaci don (canza hotonmu)," Ho Vandy, shugaban kungiyar masu kula da yawon bude ido na Cambodia ya shaida wa AFP.

Gwamnati a bara ta kaddamar da wani kamfen na "Mulkin Al'ajabi" na kasa da kasa wanda ke inganta rairayin bakin teku, yawon shakatawa da al'adun kasar.

Sama da tsibirai 20 ne aka kebe domin ci gaba, in ji Vandy, yayin da ake sa ran bude wani sabon filin jirgin sama a bakin tekun Sihanoukville a karshen wannan shekarar.

Sauran tsare-tsaren sun hada da wurin shakatawa na mafarauta masu santsi a cikin daji mai nisa da ke arewacin lardin Ratanakiri da wuraren wasan golf da dama a fadin kasar.

Babu wani abu da ya kwatanta tsadar tashin hankali da kimar zaman lafiya a yankin Asiya a sarari kamar yadda yanayi ya bambanta a kwarin Swat na Pakistan da Kashmir Indiya.

Masu yawon bude ido na komawa Kashmir, wanda wani sarki mai ziyara na karni na 17 ya taba bayyana a matsayin "Aljanna a doron kasa", yayin da tashe-tashen hankula a yankin da musulmi suka fi yawa ya ragu zuwa matakin da ya kai tun 1989.

A shekara ta 1988 sama da 'yan yawon bude ido 700,000 sun ziyarci Kashmir, amma adadin ya ragu sosai yayin da 'yan tawayen suka tsananta. Yanzu da alama ruwan ya sake komawa, inda sama da 380,000 suka ziyarci a cikin watanni bakwai na farkon 2009.

Ba da nisa ba, kwarin Swat na Pakistan ya kasance kayan ado na rawanin yawon shakatawa na kasar kuma ana kiransa "Switzerland of Pakistan" - har sai da mayakan Taliban a wannan shekara suka shiga cikin garuruwa da kauyuka a wani yunkuri na tabbatar da shari'a.

Ba Swat kadai 'yan tawaye suka afkawa ba - sama da mutane 2,000 ne aka kashe a hare-haren da Taliban ke kai a Pakistan cikin shekaru biyu da suka gabata, wanda ya tsorata baki daya sai dai 'yan kasashen waje masu yawon bude ido.

Pakistan ta samu Rupee biliyan 16 (dala miliyan 200) daga maziyarta 800,000 a 2007. Kasa da maziyarta 400,000 ne suka zo a 2008, wanda ya kawo rubi biliyan takwas kawai, kuma ana sa ran adadin zai ragu a bana.

Ministan kula da yawon bude ido Ataur Rehman ya shaidawa AFP cewa "ta'addanci ya shafe mu sosai."

"Mun fara kokarinmu na jawo hankalin masu yawon bude ido daga ko'ina cikin duniya saboda halin da ake ciki a Swat da sauran yankuna sun daidaita yanzu kuma zai ba mu damar sake mayar da su wuraren yawon bude ido," in ji shi.

Sai dai rahoton 2009 na taron tafiye tafiye da yawon bude ido na dandalin tattalin arzikin duniya ya nuna Pakistan a cikin kasashe 113 cikin 130, kuma jami'ai sun ce akwai jan aiki a gaba har sai an dawo da Swat zuwa matsayinta na da.

Har zuwa wannan lokacin, masu yawon bude ido za su iya komawa kasashen da suka rigaya sun sanya rigingimu a bayansu, don yin misali da sabbin jarabawar da ake bayarwa.