Rushewar mulkin kudan zuma babbar matsala ce ga Kanada, da ma duniya baki ɗaya. Muhimman amfanin gona da suka haɗa da canola, blueberry, cranberry, almond, pear, apples and more, sun dogara da ƙwari masu ƙwazo don yin pollination. Abin baƙin ciki shine, mai lalata mite Varroa yana ciyar da ƙudan zuma a lokacin girma da ƙananan yara, yana raunana su kuma yana yada cututtukan cututtuka masu mutuwa wanda ke haifar da rushewar mulkin mallaka.

Kudin maye gurbin mallaka, mafi ƙarancin damuwarmu, ya kai ~ $400 M a kowace shekara a Kanada da Amurka a hade. Dangane da farashi, asarar pollination da kasuwancin noman zuma, da raguwar amfanin gonakin 'ya'yan itace, ya kai asarar biliyoyin a kowace shekara. Masu kiwon kudan zuma suna kula da mazauna yankunan a kan mitsin varroa kowace shekara lokacin da matakan mite ke tashi a cikin bazara da faɗuwa amma yana da wuya a magance barkewar cutar.

Akwai zaɓuɓɓukan magani guda biyar kawai da ake amfani dasu. Ɗaya daga cikin waɗannan yana nuna alamun juriya, kuma jiyya guda biyu suna da lalacewa kuma suna da wuyar amfani. Shirye-shiryen sarrafa kwaro masu inganci (IPM) masu inganci suna da mahimmanci don hana farawar juriya a cikin mites da kuma kula da sarrafa mite mai kyau, kuma waɗannan suna buƙatar amfani da zaɓuɓɓukan magani daban-daban a cikin juyawa. Wani aikin da Genome BC ya ba da tallafi, Gano wuraren da aka yi niyya na sabon acaricide akan cutar kudan zuma, Varroa destructor yana ba da labari, kayan aikin da ake buƙata cikin gaggawa a cikin IPM.

"An gano wani sabon acaricide a kan varroa wanda ba ya cutar da kudan zuma a fili kuma ba shi da wani tasiri a cikin kashin baya," in ji Dokta Erika Plettner, jagoran aikin kuma Farfesa na Chemistry a Jami'ar Simon Fraser. "Aikinmu yana da nufin gano ingancin wannan sabon fili wanda muke buƙatar samun amincewa cikin gaggawa kuma mu aiwatar da shi." Plettner yana haɗin gwiwa tare da Dokta Leonard Foster, jagoran aikin kuma Farfesa a cikin dakunan gwaje-gwaje na Michael Smith a UBC, don amfani da kayan aikin proteomics don gano maƙasudin kwayoyin halitta da kuma ƙayyade yadda, lokacin da kuma inda za a iya amfani da shi.

Tasirin da ake tsammani na wannan bincike zai zama mai canza wasa a masana'antar kiwon zuma da bayanta. Bayani game da sabon wurin da aka yi niyya a cikin mites yana da mahimmanci don yin rajista tare da hukumomin kiwon lafiya, babban shingen shiga kasuwa don wannan sabon acaricide. Fahimtar wurin da aka yi niyya da tsarin hulɗa zai taimaka wa ƙungiyar, da masu amfani da ƙarshen don ƙara haɓaka samfurin, ƙirarsa, da jadawalin aikace-aikace a cikin tsarin IPM.

"Tsaron abinci shine babban abin damuwa ga kasashe a duniya," in ji Federica Di Palma, Babban Jami'in Kimiyya da Mataimakin Shugaban Kasa, Sectors a Genome BC. "Kusan kashi ɗaya bisa uku na amfanin gonakin sun dogara ne akan pollin ƙudan zuma kuma magance juriyar mite babban ci gaba ne na kare yankunan."

Aikin zai ci gaba har zuwa Satumba 2023 don haka za a iya amfani da koyon farko a zagaye na gaba na gwajin filin. An ba da kuɗin aikin ta hanyar Genome BC sabon Asusun Innovation na Pilot (PIF). Babban jigo na dabarun kirkire-kirkire na Genome BC, PIF shiri ne na bayar da kudade wanda ya dace da yanayin shirye-shiryen da gwamnati(s) da sauransu ke bayarwa yayin da suka dace da bukatun 'yanayin muhallin da muke tallafawa. PIF yana da niyyar ba da kuɗi daban-daban na ayyukan ƙirƙira tare da tabbataccen yuwuwar nasara.

ABUBUWAN DA ZA KU GUDU DAGA WANNAN LABARI:

Leonard Foster, project co-lead and a Professor in the Michael Smith Laboratories at UBC, to apply proteomics tools to identify the molecular target and determine how, when and where it can be applied.
A Genome BC funded project, Identification of the target sites of a new acaricide against the honey bee parasite, Varroa destructor offers a novel, urgently needed tool in IPM.
Understanding the target site and mechanism of interaction will help the team, and end-users to further improve the product, its formulation, and the schedule of application in IPM schemes.