Philippines: rabin matakan rage haraji ba za su yi wani tasiri ga kamfanonin jiragen sama na kasashen waje ba

MANILA, Philippines (eTN) - Sun yi yaƙi mai zafi a cikin shekaru da yawa don ganin an soke shi. A cikin 1998, gwamnatin Filipino ta gabatar da sabon tsarin haraji na nuna wariya sosai: dillalan kasashen waje dole ne su biya kashi 3% “haraji na yau da kullun” akan matsakaicin kudaden shiga kuma su biya wani 2.5% don babban harajin lissafin kuɗi na Philippine (GPBT). Ana ɗaukar harajin 2.5% akan duk wani kaya da kuɗin shiga na fasinja da ya samo asali daga Philippines a cikin jirgin da ba ya yankewa. Duk waɗannan haraji har yanzu an ƙaddamar da su ga 12% VAT. Har ila yau, jigilar kayayyaki daga ƙasashen waje da layin jirgin ruwa suna ƙarƙashin haraji iri ɗaya.

An yi ta zanga-zanga a cikin 'yan shekarun nan yayin da aka kebe masu jigilar kayayyaki na cikin gida daga cikinta. Harajin Philippines kan jigilar jiragen sama ba bisa ka'ida ba ne idan aka yi la'akari da yarjejeniyar kasuwanci ta duniya. Hukumar Kula da Sufurin Jiragen Sama ta Duniya (ICAO), wacce ta samar da dokoki da ka'idoji masu inganci don safarar jiragen sama, ta nuna karara cewa safarar jiragen sama na kasa da kasa ba a biyan haraji - musamman VAT - kuma ba za a sami wani bambanci a cikin jiyya tsakanin dillalan gida da na waje ba. hidima iri daya. Harajin yana kawo sama da dalar Amurka miliyan 75 a duk shekara a cikin asusun gwamnati.

Yunkurin da Philippines ta yi na sanya ƙarin caji kan kamfanonin jiragen sama na ketare ya riga ya haifar da mummunan sakamako ga inda za a nufa. Tare da shigowar harajin, ƙa'idar nuna wariya ta zama babbar naƙasa ga masu jigilar kaya zuwa ketare don tashi zuwa Philippines. Yin aiki da jirage masu nisa tare da farashin tikiti mafi girma, ana tilasta musu su "tushe" manyan haraji akan yawan kudaden shiga. Tun cikin shekaru casa'in, yawancin kamfanonin jiragen sama sun janye daga Manila ciki har da Aeroflot, Alitalia, Air France, British Airways, Egypt Air, Lufthansa, Pakistan Airlines, da Vietnam Airlines.

A yayin sauraren karar kasafin kudinsa na shekarar 2011 a majalisar wakilai a bara, sakataren yawon bude ido Alberto Lim ya amince da cewa, ana iya danganta rashin aikin da masu zuwa yawon bude ido na kasa da kasa ke da shi da harajin hada-hadar kudi na yau da kullun, harajin cajin kudi na Philippine, da kuma cajin karin lokaci na kwastam. “Mu ne kasa daya tilo a duniya da ke aiwatar da wannan tsarin. Wannan ya tilastawa kamfanonin jiragen sama na Amurka da na Turai janye jiragensu, saboda sun sami damammaki masu kyau a wasu kasashe,” in ji sakataren harkokin yawon bude ido. KLM ya riga ya yi barazanar ficewa daga Philippines idan ba abin da ya canza. Kamfanin jigilar kaya shine kadai a yau don bayar da jiragen kai tsaye zuwa Turai.

A watan Janairun da ya gabata, kungiyar 'yan kasuwa ta Turai ta Philippines (ECCP) ta yi kira ga gwamnati da ta yi watsi da harajin "mai tsanani", tana mai cewa karin kamfanonin jiragen sama daga Turai za su yi tunanin tashi zuwa Philippines, wanda zai tallafa wa shirye-shiryen gwamnati na kara yawan masu yawon bude ido. . Amma sasantawar da gwamnati ta yi kan haraji, wanda aka yi a karshen makon da ya gabata, mai yiwuwa ba zai canza komai ba cikin kankanin lokaci. Sabbin dokokin za su baiwa kamfanonin jiragen sama na kasashen waje damar yin lissafin harajin kashi 3% na harajin da suke biya, matakin da zai taimaka musu wajen mika karin kudin ga fasinjoji.

Masu jigilar kayayyaki na kasashen waje da ke aiki a Philippines sun riga sun nuna rashin amincewarsu da cewa matakin bai magance korafin nasu ba: gaba daya soke harajin nuna wariya ga kamfanonin kasashen waje ko kuma fadada shi ga dillalan gida. John D. Forbes, shugaban kwamitin majalisar dokokin AmCham na Cibiyar Kasuwancin Amurka a Philippines (AmCham), ya nuna a cikin sakon cewa yunkurin gwamnati "ya ɓace ma'anar kuma ya ci gaba da kasancewa [sic] filin wasa tsakanin Philippine da masu sufurin waje. Wannan shawarar ba za ta taimaka wa yawon bude ido ba, kuma da alama za ta hana sabbin zirga-zirgar jiragen sama a kasar ta hanyar sanya harajin fasinjojin su kai tsaye,” in ji shi.

Yawancin kamfanonin jiragen sama na kasashen waje suna goyon bayan taimakawa wajen tallata Philippines a wani yunkuri na kara yawan kujeru a kasar da kuma kawo karin masu yawon bude ido. A wata hira da aka yi da shi a baya-bayan nan, Steven Crowdey na kamfanin jiragen sama na Delta ya yi karin haske kan cewa kasar Philippines ce kadai a yankin da ke duban kara haraji kan jiragen dakon jiragen sama. "A cikin kasashe makwabta, filayen jirgin sama da hukumomi sukan ba da kwarin gwiwa ga masu jigilar kayayyaki don tashi," in ji shi.

Dangane da binciken da IATA ta yi kan kawar da haraji, ECCP ta yi nuni da cewa, a cikin shekarar farko ta kawar da gudummawar haraji kan kamfanonin jiragen sama na kasashen waje, jimillar zirga-zirgar kasa da kasa na iya karuwa da fasinjoji 230,000, da kashi 2%. A ƙarshe zai haifar da yuwuwar samun ribar kudaden shiga na dalar Amurka 38 zuwa dalar Amurka miliyan 78 ga tattalin arzikin Philippines. Kudaden shiga yawon bude ido na kai tsaye na iya wakiltar riba sama da dalar Amurka miliyan 200 ga kasar da kuma taimakawa samar da karin ayyukan yi 70,000 a ayyuka. Abu ɗaya shine, duk da haka, tabbas: hauhawar farashin kaya don biyan haraji tabbas ba zai kawo ƙarin masu yawon buɗe ido zuwa ƙasar ba.