Rahoton tarihin Hukumar Kula da Sufuri ta Kasa game da jirgin da ya fadi jiya a Hawaii ya kashe mutane 11

Mutane XNUMX sun mutu a daren jiya a Oahu, lokacin da jirgin kirar Beech 65-A90 ya fado jim kadan bayan tashin sa daga Dillingham Airfield on Tekun Arewa na Oahu, Hawaii. Ana la'akari da mafi munin bala'in jirgin sama na kasuwanci a cikin Amurka na Hawaii na shekaru ashirin da suka gabata.

Jirgin yana da tarihin matsaloli. A cikin 2016 Hukumar Tsaron Kula da Sufuri ta Kasa (NTSB) ta ba da rahoto mai zuwa game da abin da ya faru lokacin da aka yi amfani da wannan jirgin a California.

A ranar 23 ga Yulin, 2016, misalin 1900 ranar hasken rana ta Pacific, Beech 65-A90, N256TA, ya sami asara mai yawa biyo bayan asarar sarrafawa yayin hawa sama kusa da Filin jirgin saman Byron (C83) Byron, California. Matukin jirgin kasuwancin da fasinjojin 14 ba su ji rauni ba. An yi wa jirgin rijista zuwa N80896 LLC, kuma kamfanin Bay Area Skydiving ne ke gudanar da shi a karkashin tanadi na 14 Code of Federal Regulations Sashi na 91. Kayayyakin yanayi na gani sun mamaye kuma babu wani shirin jirgi da aka gabatar don jirgin mai nitsuwa a sama. Jirgin cikin gida ya tashi C83 misalin 1851.

A cewar matukin jirgin, yayin da jirgin ya kusanto wurin da aka tsara tsalle da tsawo, kimanin kafa 12,500, yana nufin matakin teku, sai ya fara wata hanyar hagu don yin layi don yankin faduwa. Ya ce aiyukan jirgin saman ya dan yi jinkiri sannan kuma "ba zato ba tsammani sai jirgin ya tashi tsaye ba zato ba tsammani, ya juya zuwa hagu, ya fara juyi hanci-da-hanci." Ya bayyana cewa jirgin "ya yi wasu ganga ganga biyu." Ofaya daga cikin masu tsalle, da ke zaune a wurin zama tare da matukan jirgi, ya ji “kara mai ƙarfi” yayin jerin murmurewar kuma ya bayyana cewa “matukin jirgin bai yi jinkirin juyar da maƙogwaron ba yayin murmurewar, wanda ya sa jirgin ya ci gaba da sauri sosai.” Jumper din ya ci gaba da cewa a lokacin murmurewar ya ji g-karfi a kan cikinsa. Matukin jirgin ya ce ya dawo da jirgin na dan lokaci zuwa yanayin matakin fuka-fuki na wasu ‘yan dakikoki kuma ya lura cewa jirgin ya kusan 90 ° daga shirin da aka shirya, kuma yana saurin yin iska.

Daga baya, matukin jirgin ya bayyana cewa akwai “kaduwa” ga abubuwan sarrafawa kuma “lokaci guda jirgin saman ba zato ba tsammani ya fadi da karfi ta hagu,” ya tsaya a karo na biyu, kuma ya fara juyawa zuwa kasa. Matukin jirgin ya fadawa masu nishadi a sama da su tashi daga jirgin. 'Yan baranda sun yi biyayya, kuma dukkansu sun yi nasarar ficewa daga jirgin sama yayin wannan zagaye na biyu. Daga nan sai matukin jirgin ya fara aiwatar da ayyukan dawo da komai ba tare da wani tasiri ba ta hanyar juyawa 9 kuma ya bayyana cewa yawan jujjuyawar ya fi abin da ya faru a farko sauri. Sa'annan ya ja levers biyu na sarrafa kayan kwalliya zuwa matsayin gashin tsuntsu kuma ya sami damar fitar da juyawar. Ya dawo da jirgin saman zuwa yanayin fikafikansa da halin sautinsa, amma jim kaɗan bayan haka, jirgin “ya fasa hagu” ya tsaya a karo na uku. Matukin jirgin ya sake dawo da jirgin ta hanyar saukar da yanayin sautin da kuma kara iska.

Matukin jirgin ya juya zuwa filin jirgin saman kuma tunda jirgin yana aiki ba daidai ba, sai ya gyara faren lif zuwa madaidaicin hancinsa domin taimaka masa ci gaba da tafiya kai tsaye. Ya bayyana cewa an yi amfani da saitin datti na cikakken hanci a kan hanyar. Bugu da kari, matukin jirgin ya tashi ya kusanci da kulli 15 da sauri fiye da yadda ake bukata, don ramawa kan batun kula da karuwar da aka samu a aikin lif.

Matukin jirgin ya bayyana saukar jirgin a matsayin karancin hanci dangane da sauka kamar yadda aka saba. Bayan ya sauka a C83, wani ganau ya lura cewa madaidaicin madaidaicin jirgin sama, tare da lifta a haɗe, ya ɓace. Bayan haka an raba sassan jirgin saman da ke rabe a cikin 'yan mil mil kudu da filin jirgin saman.

Matukin jirgin ya ba da rahoton cewa babu wata matsala ta jirgin a cikin jirage da suka gabata a wannan rana, ko kuma yayin bincikensa na gaba don jirgin hatsarin. Ya bayyana cewa yanayi ya bayyana kuma akwai sara sara. Bugu da ari, bai bayar da rahoton babu wata matsala ba game da injin yayin jirgin.

Binciken da ya faru bayan jirgin sama ya nuna cewa fatun fukafukan saman da ƙasan ba abin mamaki bane. An bincika matattakan injina da maƙallan maƙallan hagu na kwance don ƙarin damuwa, amma babu wanda ya lura. Babu alamun alamun motsi a hagu mai daidaita yanayin hagu.

An binciki madaidaiciyar madaidaiciyar kwance, tare da lifta a haɗe, wanda ya rabu da jirgin sama. Dama lif da madaidaiciyar madaidaiciyar tab sun kasance a haɗe da abubuwan haɗin haɗin su. An lura da karaya a kan madaidaiciyar madaidaiciyar madaidaiciyar madaidaiciyar madaidaiciyar kwance. Akwai wasu damuwa a saman fata. Ungiyar da aka haɗa da madaidaiciya madaidaiciya a tsaye zuwa jirgin sama, da kuma zuwa ga sauran mai kwantar da kwance, an nuna ɓarna a gefen dama inda madaidaiciyar madaidaiciyar a haɗe.

An aika sassa na madaidaiciyar kwance, lif, da sashin abin da aka makala zuwa Laboratory na Hukumar Kula da Sufuri ta Jirgin Kasa don karin bincike. Gwajin gwaji mai girman girman karaya ya bayyana fasali daidai da rarrabuwa. Ba a nuna alamar gajiya ko lalata ba. Lalacewa da sifofin karaya a madaidaitan madaidaitan madaidaiciya na nuni ne akan tip na dattako da yake lankwasawa kuma karamar spar ma tana hawa sama da yanar gizo.

Takardar dawo da littafin ta jirgin sama ta bayyana cewa: “nan da nan sai ya dauke layin sarrafawa gaba gaba, sanya cikakken rudar akasin alkiblar juyawar, sannan ya rage wuta akan injina biyun ya yi zaman banza. Waɗannan ayyuka uku ya kamata a yi kusa da lokaci ɗaya kamar yadda ya yiwu, sannan ci gaba da riƙe wannan matsayi na sarrafawa har sai juyawa ya tsaya sannan kuma ya kawar da dukkan sarrafawa kuma ya aiwatar da sannu a hankali. Ailerons su kasance masu tsaka tsaki yayin murmurewa. ”

An lissafa nauyin jirgin da ma'auninsa don jirgin hatsarin. An kiyasta tsakiyar nauyi (CG) yakai kimanin raka'a 6-7 bayan iyaka. Saboda tsakiyar nauyi (cg) kasancewar bayan iyaka, matsakaicin matsakaicin nauyi ya kasa tantancewa a lokacin haɗarin. A cewar littafin FAA Pilot Handbook na Aeronautical Knowledge ya ce, "yayin da CG ke motsawa bayan haka, yanayin rashin kwanciyar hankali na faruwa, wanda ke rage karfin jirgin sama zuwa dama da kansa bayan juyawa ko tashin hankali."