Amurka ta yi asarar kusan kashi ɗaya bisa huɗu na ayyukan jiragen sama a cikin shekaru 10 da suka gabata

Yayin da kamfanonin jiragen sama na Amurka suka yi asarar dubunnan biliyoyin daloli a cikin shekaru 10 da suka gabata, ya kuma yi asarar dimbin ma'aikata. Kusan daya daga cikin ayyukan jiragen saman Amurka hudu ya bace a cikin shekaru 10 da suka kare a ranar 31 ga Disamba, kuma manyan kamfanonin jiragen sama sun bace. daga cikin mafi wuya, bisa ga sabon bayanai.

Ofishin Kididdiga na Sufuri ya ce kamfanonin jiragen sama na Amurka sun dauki ma'aikata na cikakken lokaci 557,674 aiki a karshen shekarar 2009, sama da 170,000 daga karshen 1999.

Aiki a kamfanonin jiragen sama na Amurka ya kai guraben ayyuka 753,647 a shekara ta 2000 kuma yana kan koma baya tun daga lokacin, in ban da karuwar ayyukan yi a 2004 da 2007.

"Mahimmin abu shine ba daga tushe ɗaya yake fitowa ba," in ji farfesa a fannin tattalin arziki George Hoffer. “Haɗin ne kawai na abubuwa da yawa da ke faruwa a cikin shekaru goma da suka gabata. Ina tsammanin haka ya shiga ƙarƙashin allon radar mutane. "

Asarar aikin ta kasance mafi muni a tsakanin wasu manyan dillalai:

•United Airlines Inc., wanda ya shiga cikin Babi na 11 na sake tsarin fatarar kudi a 2002-06, yanzu bai kai rabin girmansa na 1999 ba. A ƙarshen 1999, aikin sa bai kai 100,000 ba. Shekaru goma bayan haka, ta yi aiki 46,538.

•Yawan ayyuka a American Airlines Inc. ya ragu da kashi 26 cikin 97,199, daga 31 a ranar 1999 ga Disamba, 71,450, zuwa 2009 a karshen 2001. Amma wannan shine kawai idan ba ku ƙidaya Trans World Airlines Inc., wanda ma'aikatansa suka shiga. Ba'amurke na tushen Fort Worth a cikin siyan XNUMX.

Haɗe, ma'aikatan Amurka da TWA a cikin 1999 sun haɗa da ma'aikata 118,171. Adadin 2009 ya ragu da 46,721 a cikin shekaru 10, ko kashi 39.5 cikin dari.

•Delta Air Lines Inc. da Northwest Airlines, wadanda suka hade a cikin 2008 bayan da kowannensu ya yi ta sake fasalin fatarar kudi a farkon shekaru goma, ya nuna irin wannan raguwar ayyukan yi.

A hade, Delta da Arewa maso Yamma sun dauki ma’aikata 80,822 a karshen 2009, kasa da 49,088, kashi 37.8, daga 1999 jimillar 129,910 lokacin da suka rabu.

•US Airways Inc., wanda aka kafa ta hanyar haɗin tsohuwar US Airways da America West Airlines Inc. a cikin 2005, ya ƙara raguwa cikin sharuddan kashi. US Airways sau biyu ya ziyarci kotun fatarar kudi ta tarayya don sake tsarawa, na farko a cikin 2002 kuma a cikin 2004 kafin hadewa da Amurka ta Yamma.

Masu ɗaukar kaya biyu a cikin 1999 daban sun ɗauki ma'aikata 56,679 daban. Shekaru goma bayan haka, aiki a kamfanonin da aka haɗa ya ragu da kashi 43.5 zuwa 32,021 - asarar ma'aikata 24,658.

•Continental Airlines Inc., wanda bai hade ba kuma bai yi fatara ba a cikin shekaru 10 da suka gabata, ya ragu da kusan kashi 18.1 cikin dari. Ya zuwa ranar 31 ga Disamba, ta dauki ma'aikata 36,132, kasa da 7,959 daga 1999.

Wasu fadadawa

Duk da asarar aikin da aka samu a waɗannan dillalan, manyan kamfanonin jiragen sama da yawa sun ƙara ayyuka a lokaci guda.

Kamfanin Southwest Airlines Co. mai tushen Dallas ya karu da kashi 24.7 yayin da ya kara guraben ayyuka 6,947 tun daga 1999, ya kare a shekarar a 35,042. JetBlue Airways Corp., wanda ya fara tashi a 2000, yanzu yana da ma'aikata 12,532.

Kamfanin AirTran Airways Corp. ya ninka girmansa fiye da ninki biyu, inda ya tashi daga ayyuka 3,822 a shekarar 1999 zuwa ayyuka 8,169 a shekarar 2009. Yawan ma'aikata a Alaska Airlines Inc. ya karu kadan, daga 9,657 zuwa 9,910.

Lambobin aikin gwamnati sun haɗa da masu jigilar kaya, ciki har da babban kamfanin jirgin saman Amurka, Fedex Corp. Fedex aikin ya ragu daga 148,270 a 1999 zuwa 139,737 a 2009, ya ragu da kashi 5.8 cikin ɗari.

Hoffer, farfesa a Jami'ar Commonwealth ta Virginia, kuma mai magana da yawun kungiyar sufurin jiragen sama Victoria Day ya ce abubuwa da yawa sun ba da gudummawa ga asarar ayyukan.

"Tattalin arzikin kasa, haraji, farashin mai, nauyin tsari, matsala mai wahala a tashar jiragen sama [da] tsaro da kuma buƙatar haɓaka yawan aiki ta hanyar tura fasaha da sauran abubuwan da suka faru a cikin shekaru 10 da suka gabata sun yi tasiri ga masana'antu." "Ranar ta ce.

"A cikin babban ma'auni, rayuwar kamfanonin jiragen sama bayan 2000 ya kasance sakamakon rashin daidaituwar da ba a taba gani ba bayan yakin duniya na biyu, ciki har da raguwa mai yawa da raɗaɗi a yawan ma'aikatan jirgin," in ji ta.

Me yasa raguwa

Hoffer ya ce wani dalili na raguwar jiragen shi ne, yawan kamfanonin jiragen sama sun bace sakamakon haɗe-haɗe, kamar TWA, Northwest da na asali US Airways, ko kuma daga gazawa, kamar ATA Airlines Inc.

Yayin da aka kara wasu kamfanonin jiragen sama a cikin hada-hadar, kamar JetBlue da Virgin America Inc., Hoffer ya ce, adadin kamfanonin jiragen sama da suka bace ya zarce sabbin masu shiga.

Bacewar kamfanonin jiragen sama ya kuma haifar da bacewar cibiyoyin sadarwa da dama ko kuma raguwa sosai, kamar yadda Hoffer ya lura, kamar a St. Louis (TWA), Cincinnati (bayan hadewar Delta-Northwest) da Pittsburgh (US Airways).

Kamfanonin jiragen sama sun rage yawan ma'aikatansu ta hanyar fitar da ayyukan waje, kamar wurin ajiyar abinci ko abinci, ko tashi, ta hanyar ƙarin amfani da dillalan yanki waɗanda basa buƙatar ma'aikata da yawa. Kazalika masu jigilar kayayyaki sun amfana da sauye-sauyen fasaha a fannonin da suka hada da rarrabuwar kawuna zuwa bunkasar yin rajista ta yanar gizo wanda ya rage yawan ma'aikata, in ji shi.

Masu jigilar jiragen sama kuma sun yi amfani da tsarin fatara don sake rubuta kwangilar aikinsu don samun ƙarin aiki tare da kawar da wuce gona da iri, in ji Hoffer.

"Kuna iya yin abubuwa a cikin fatara wanda in ba haka ba za ku zama labarai na farko saboda kuna tattaunawa da kungiyoyin kwadago kuma kuna da barazanar yajin aiki," in ji shi. "Amma duk wannan an kauce masa gaba daya cikin fatarar kudi."