Manyan Abubuwa Biyar Da Suka Canza Masana'antar Jiragen Sama Har Abada

Dogon tarihi mai ban sha'awa na masana'antar zirga-zirgar jiragen sama yana cike da gwaji da wahalhalu a cikin shekarun da suka gabata waɗanda suka gwada kasuwancin su iyakarsu kuma sun zama mai kawo canji. Anan, ƙwararren samar da kayan aikin Artemis Aerospace ya dubi al'amuran da suka yi tasiri sosai a fannin da kuma yadda suka canza harkar jiragen sama har abada.

Hadarin jirgin sama mafi mahimmanci a duniya

Abin farin ciki, hadurran jiragen sama ba su da yawa kuma tafiya ta jirgin sama na ci gaba da zama mafi aminci na tafiye-tafiye a duniya. A gaskiya ma, a cewar NTSB, damar kasancewa a cikin jirgin sama na kasuwanci wanda ke da hatsarin mutuwa yana kusa da 1 a cikin miliyan 20, yayin da yiwuwar mutuwa shine ƙananan 1 a cikin 3.37 biliyan.

An ba da fifiko kan aminci a cikin masana'antar sufurin jiragen sama - matukin jirgi, injiniyoyi da masu kula da zirga-zirgar jiragen sama duk ƙwararru ne kuma sun sadaukar da kai don tabbatar da cewa fasinjoji sun kasance cikin aminci.

To sai dai kuma, a farkon tafiyar jiragen sama, a lokacin da tukin jirgin ke ci gaba da zama a farkonsa, hadurruka sun fi yawa. A cikin 1908, an sami labarin mutuwar fasinja na farko lokacin da Laftanar Thomas Selfridge ya mutu bayan da wani Wright Flyer, wanda Orville Wright ya tukinsa, ya yi hatsari a lokacin wani gwaji na jirgin a Virginia, Amurka. Sai a shekarar 1919 ne jirgin kasuwanci na farko, Caproni Ca.48, ya yi hadari a Verona inda ya kashe duk wanda ke cikinsa.

A cikin 1977, hatsarin jirgin sama mafi muni a duniya ya bar gado mai ɗorewa a kan ƙa'idodin jiragen sama na ƙasa da ƙasa.

Bala'in filin tashi da saukar jiragen sama na Tenerife ya afku ne lokacin da wasu jiragen fasinja kirar Boeing 747 guda biyu suka yi karo da juna a kan titin jirgin sama a filin jirgin Los Rodeos inda suka kashe mutane 583. Bincike ya nuna cewa kyaftin din daya daga cikin jirgin da KLM ke sarrafa shi ya yi yunkurin tashi cikin kuskure yayin da jirgin Pan Am ke ci gaba da tasi a kan titin jirgin.

Bala'in ya bayyana mahimmancin amfani da daidaitattun kalmomi ga duk hanyoyin sadarwa na rediyo maimakon maganganun magana, kamar 'Ok', gami da sake karanta mahimman sassan koyarwar don tabbatar da fahimtar juna.    

Gabatarwar kamfanonin jiragen sama na kasafin kuɗi da bukukuwan fakiti

Balaguron jirgin sama na kasafin kuɗi ya canza masana'antar zirga-zirgar jiragen sama kuma ya haifar da ƙarin mutane da yawa fiye da kowane lokaci don jin daɗin balaguron balaguro zuwa ƙasashen waje zuwa wurare masu nisa.

Kamfanin jirgin saman Southwest Airlines na farko mai rahusa a duniya, wanda Herb Kelleher da Rollin King suka kafa a shekarar 1967. A cikin 1971, kamfanin da ke Texas ya fara aiki a matsayin jirgin sama na intrastate kafin ya fara sabis na yanki a cikin 1979. Tsarin kasuwancin da Kudu maso Yamma ke amfani da shi ya kafa harsashi ga sauran masu ɗaukar kaya, ciki har da EasyJet da Ryanair.

Falsafar Kudu-maso-Yamma ta dogara ne akan ka'idoji guda hudu da suka dogara da tsarin kasuwancin jirgin sama na kasafin kudi. Wadannan sun hada da tashi nau'in jirgin sama guda daya kawai, da nufin rage farashin aiki a kowace shekara, jujjuya jiragen sama da sauri da kuma kiyaye abubuwa cikin sauki ta hanyar sayar da kujeru a jirage kawai, maimakon samar da tsarin aminci da makamantansu.

Fashewar aman wuta da Jirgin British Airways 009

Fashewar Eyjafjallajökull na shekarar 2010 na iya zama daya daga cikin abubuwan da suka faru na kwanan nan na toka mai aman wuta da ya haddasa saukar jirgin sama, amma watakila abin da ya fi shahara shi ne gajimare na toka mai aman wuta a 1982 daga Dutsen Galunggung a Jakarta. Jirgin British Airways mai lamba 009 an tilasta masa yin saukar gaggawa bayan ya bi ta cikin gajimare mai aman wuta, wanda ya sa dukkan injinansa hudu suka yanke.

Sakamakon haka, masana yanayi ba su bar komai ba kuma fashewar Eyjafjallajökull na 2010, wanda aka gano a matsayin fashewar fashewar iskar gas don haka yana da haɗari sosai, an ɗauke shi babban haɗari ga jiragen sama. Sakamakon haka, an soke duk wani tashin jirage zuwa Turai da kuma tashin jirage a nahiyar na tsawon kwanaki bakwai - mafi girman cikas ga zirga-zirgar jiragen sama tun bayan yakin duniya na biyu. Hukumar ta IATA ta kiyasta cewa masana'antar ta yi asarar dala miliyan 200 a kowace rana an rufe sararin samaniyar Turai.

9/11

Harin ta'addancin da aka kai kan Amurka a ranar 11 ga watan Satumba ya yi matukar tasiri ga kamfanonin jiragen sama na kasuwanci, wadanda suka dade suna alfahari da aminci da tsaron fasinjoji.

Bayan da 'yan ta'adda goma sha tara suka yi awon gaba da wasu jiragen sama guda hudu na kasuwanci a Amurka, maharan - wadanda suka hada da wadanda aka horar da jirgin domin karbe jirgin da sarrafa jirgin - sun afka cikin fitattun filayen Amurka, wadanda suka hada da cibiyar kasuwanci ta duniya da ke birnin New York da kuma hedkwatar sojojin Amurka. , Pentagon a Virginia.

Hare-haren sun yi sanadiyar mutuwar mutane 2,977 kuma ya kasance mafi muni a tarihi.

Sakamakon haka, an tsaurara matakan tsaro na jiragen sama a duniya sosai don tantance tashar jirgin sama da kuma tsaron jirgin.

A Amurka, yana yiwuwa kafin kai harin ga duk wanda ba shi da tikitin tafiya tare da dangi da abokai ta hanyar tsaro zuwa ƙofar tashi. An canza wannan nan da nan kuma fasinjoji masu tikiti ne kawai za su iya shiga ta hanyar tsaro a cikin tashi.

Wasu kamfanonin jiragen sama sun ba fasinjoji damar ɗaukar kananan wukake a cikin jirgin. A ranar 9 ga watan Satumba, uku daga cikin maharan sun tayar da na'urorin gano karafan a lokacin da ake gudanar da binciken tsaro. Duk da cewa an duba su da na'urar ganowa da hannu, an ba su izinin shiga. Hotunan daga baya sun nuna cewa suna da abin da ake ganin kamar masu yankan kwalin ne a cikin aljihunsu na baya - wani abu da aka yarda a cikin wasu jiragen sama a lokacin. Tun daga wannan lokacin, yawancin filayen tashi da saukar jiragen sama sun shigar da injunan binciken cikakken jiki don gano ɓoyayyun makamai da abubuwan fashewa tare da daidaitaccen millimita.

An kuma yi gyaran fuska ga tantancewa kuma fasinjojin da ke tafiya a cikin jiragen cikin gida yanzu suna buƙatar ingantaccen nau'in ID na hoto don tafiya.

COVID-19 cutar kwayar cutar

Ba shakka cutar ta COVID-19 ta kwanan nan ta yi tasiri sosai ga masana'antar jiragen sama. A karon farko a cikin tarihi, jiragen sama a duk faɗin duniya sun yi ƙasa har abada na dogon lokaci. An yi hasarar da yawa ga bangaren kamfanonin jiragen sama na kasuwanci kuma an yi wa ɗaruruwan ma'aikata aiki ko kuma sun yi fushi.

Yayin da zirga-zirgar jiragen sama ke dawowa sannu a hankali matakan kafin shekarar 2019, sakamakon da masana'antar zirga-zirgar jiragen sama ta kasuwanci ta kasance mai nisa da yawa tare da kalubale da yawa a yanzu.

Duk da haka, ba duk canje-canjen sun kasance masu lahani ba kuma masana'antu, masu daidaitawa kamar yadda aka saba, sun rungumi sababbin fasaha da siffofi don sa tafiyar fasinja ta fi dacewa, aminci da jin dadi. Waɗannan sun haɗa da amfani da sanin fuska a tsaro da kwastan da yin amfani da ƙa'idodi, ba kawai don tikitin tikitin ba har ma da sauran abubuwan da suka haɗa da siyayyar filin jirgin sama da nishaɗin cikin jirgin.

Yanar Gizo: www.artemisaerospace.com

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