An harbe wata bakar karkanda mai girman gaske, daya daga cikin irinsa na karshe a Gabashin Afirka, a tsakiyar watan Maris na 2025, tare da satar zinari na Serengeti da Maasai Mara Game Reserve a arewa, kuma an fasa kahonsa zuwa kasuwar bakar fata.
Serengeti wani yanki ne mai girman gaske a Tanzaniya da Kenya, wanda ya shahara saboda yawan dabbobi masu shayarwa da kuma Babban Hijira, ɗaya daga cikin ƙauran namun daji mafi ban sha'awa a duniya. Wuri ne na Tarihin Duniya na UNESCO, gida ga miliyoyin wildebeest, zebras, da gazelles, da mafarauta masu yawa kamar zakuna, cheetahs, da kuraye.
Bayan kwanaki 10, hukumar kula da namun daji ta Kenya (KWS) ta bayar da rahoton cewa, ta kama kahon a birnin Nairobi, wanda ke nuna wata babbar kungiyar cinikayya ta haramtacciyar hanya ta kan iyaka.
Yayin da TANAPA ta ci gaba da tofa albarkacin bakinta game da wannan batu, babban daraktan hukumar ta KWS, Dokta Erustus Kanga, ya tabbatar da faruwar lamarin, inda ya ce hukumarsa ta kama wani da ake zargin mafarauci ne da jajayen kahon karkanda a birnin Nairobi.
"Da aka yi masa tambayoyi, wanda ake zargin ya amsa cewa ya samo kahon karkanda daga Serengeti National Park, inda aka bindige bakar karkanda ba bisa ka'ida ba saboda kakakin," Dr. Kanga ya shaida wa 'yan jarida a taron majalisar mulki karo na 14 da aka kammala taron bangarorin yarjejeniyar Lusaka da aka gudanar a Arusha.
Hukumar kula da wuraren shakatawa na Tanzaniya (TANAPA) na gwamnati, Serengeti—Firayim gidan dajin na Afirka da kuma wurin tarihi na UNESCO—yana ɗaukar tsauraran matakan yaƙi da farautar mutane.
Mafarautan, da aka bayyana a cikin Swahili a matsayin Majangili—masu sana'a mafarauta daga Tanzaniya da Kenya—sun yi amfani da bakin iyaka da ke tsakanin Serengeti da Ma'ajiyar Wasan Maasai Mara, inda ba a takaita ayyukan ɗan adam ba.
Dokta Kanga ya bayyana cewa, wani farmakin hadin gwiwa na KWS da Tanzaniya, karkashin inuwar rundunar hadin gwiwa ta Lusaka, sun yi nasarar cafke wasu mutane biyu da ake zargi da aikata mafarauta a Tanzaniya, kamar yadda wani abokinsu na Kenya ya bayyana.
Majiya mai tushe na nuni da cewa, ayyukan hadin gwiwa sun kame wasu da ake zargi daga kauyukan Arash da Oroipil da ke gundumar Ngorongoro ta kasar Tanzaniya, yankunan da aka dade suna da alaka da farauta.
Kame kahon da aka yi a Nairobi, cibiyar kasuwancin haramtattun namun daji, wata nasara ce da ba kasafai ba, amma bai yi wani tasiri ba wajen kawar da damuwar yadda aka samu irin wannan cin zarafi.
Rhinos a Serengeti suna da kariya sosai tare da masu kula da dabbobi masu dauke da makamai da kuma sa ido ta sama, sabanin giwaye, wadanda yawansu ya sake dawowa daga farautar farautar.
Duk da haka, mafarautan sun buge da madaidaicin tiyata. Wani mai rajin kare hakkin jama'a a Arewacin Tanzaniya ya ce, "Wannan ba wasa ba ne, yana magana ba tare da sunansa ba saboda fargabar ramuwar gayya.
"Masu kula da dabbobin da ba su nan, lokacin, da motsin ƙaho na kan iyaka suna nuni ga aiwatar da shirin aiwatar da babban matakin aikata laifukan namun daji," in ji shi. Lamarin ya fallasa manyan rikice-rikicen da ke fuskantar ƙoƙarin kiyaye TANAPA.
Masu sharhi kan ayyukan TANAPA sun ce rashin samun kuɗaɗen da ake fama da shi na tsawon lokaci, wanda ya tabarbare sakamakon tsarin kashe-kashen aiki (OC) da aka ƙaddamar da shi a zamanin tsohon shugaban ƙasa, Marigayi Dr. John Pombe Magufuli, ya gurgunta sassan hukumar da ke yaki da farauta.
A lokacin Magufuli, TANAPA ta tilasta wa ba da duk kudaden shiga da aka samu cikin Asusun Haɗaɗɗen gwamnati - sannan ta dogara da jinkirin kasafi na Baitul mali don farashin ayyuka (OC). A tarihi, TANAPA ta kasance tana riƙe kashi 91 cikin ɗari na kudaden shiga, tsarin kuɗi da aka ƙididdige shi tare da ci gaban kiyayewa da ribar yawon shakatawa.
TANAPA, mai kula da wuraren shakatawa na kasa guda 21 a duniya da suka shahara saboda namun daji da kyawawan dabi'u, wanda ya mamaye yanki kusan kwatankwacin Croatia, wata cibiya ce ta ginshiki a masana'antar yawon shakatawa ta Tanzaniya dala biliyan 3.9.
Amma, tsarin da aka keɓe ya haifar da tsaikon aiki na dogon lokaci a cikin samun damar samun kudaden OC ta takalma, katsewa ga ayyukan sintiri na wuraren shakatawa na ƙasa, kula da ababen more rayuwa, da tsare-tsaren kiyayewa gami da lalata ayyukan yawon buɗe ido. Majiyar ta ce "Rage kasafin kudin ya rage masu sintiri, da jinkirin inganta kayan aiki, da kuma lalata tarbiya," in ji majiyar.
"An bar masu kula da gandun daji a Serengeti da sauran wuraren shakatawa na kasa suna fafatawa da mafarauta da hannu daya," in ji wata majiya a boye.
A cikin 2024, ma'aikatan Serengeti sun yi watsi da kayan aiki a takaice kan alawus-alawus da ba su wuce lokaci ba, matsananciyar shiga tsakani daga Hukumar Amintattu ta TANAPA. Amma ana ci gaba da samun canji. A ranar 12 ga Yuni, 2025, Majalisar Dodoma ta sami gagarumin sauyi.
Ministan kudi Dr. Mwigulu Nchemba ya bada shawarar maido da tsarin rikewa wanda zai baiwa TANAPA damar rike kashi 51 na kudaden shiga daga kudaden shiga kai tsaye.
Za a ci gaba da raba sauran kashi 40 cikin 9 ga asusun hadaka, tare da kebe kashi 51 domin kulawa ta tsakiya. A karkashin tsarin da aka tsara, za a kasafta kashi XNUMX cikin XNUMX na kudaden a cikin wani asusu na musamman na Bankin Tanzaniya, wanda TANAPA za ta yi amfani da shi bayan amincewar Babban Mai Biyan Kuɗi.
Masu ra'ayin kiyayewa suna ba da shawarar don ma fi girma riƙon kofa - suna ba da shawara aƙalla kashi 80 cikin 2025 na kudaden shiga da TANAPA ke samarwa - don tabbatar da ababen more rayuwa mara yankewa da kuma kuɗaɗen kiyayewa. A cikin kasafin kuɗin da ya ƙare watan Yuni 442, TANAPA ita kaɗai ta tara TZS biliyan 430, wanda ya zarce burinta na TZS biliyan XNUMX.
Wannan yana nuna gagarumin jujjuya ikon kuɗi, yana baiwa hukumomin biyu damar yin aiki cikin sauri da inganci. Manazarta sun ce maido da kudaden shiga na baiwa TANAPA ikon sake saka hannun jari kai tsaye a fannin kiyayewa da yawon bude ido, hanzarta lokutan amsawa, inganta kulawa da kiyayewa, da kuma kiyaye al'adun gargajiyar da ke tabbatar da martabar yawon bude ido a duniya a Tanzaniya.
Kisan karkanda ya kara jaddada irin rawar da ake takawa wajen yaki da fataucin namun daji a gabashin Afirka, masana'antar ta biliyoyin daloli da ke fafatawa da muggan kwayoyi da safarar mutane.
Yayin da Tanzaniya ta dakile farautar giwaye-yawan giwayenta sun karu daga 43,000 a shekarar 2014 zuwa 60,000 a shekarar 2019— farwar farautar karkanda ta bude wani sabon salo. Kahon karkanda, wanda ke samun dalar Amurka 60,000 a kowace kilogiram, ya sa wadannan dabbobin suka zama abin hari.
Asusun kula da jin dadin dabbobi na kasa da kasa (IFAW) ya bukaci hadin gwiwar yanki mai karfi don yaki da hanyoyin sadarwa na kan iyaka kamar wadanda aka fallasa a wannan lamarin. Yayin da shari’ar kotu ke kara gabatowa, kisan karkanda na Serengeti ya gwada jajircewar Afirka ta Gabas na kiyayewa.
Shin kamawar za ta haifar da hukunci, ko kuwa shari'ar za ta dusashe, kamar yadda wasu suka yi? Masu rajin kare hakkin jama'a suna buƙatar yin lissafi-ba ga mafarauta kawai ba, amma ga waɗanda ke cikin TANAPA waɗanda wataƙila sun rufe ido.
"Wannan ba game da karkanda daya bane," in ji Ambrose Kennedy mai fafutuka da ke Nairobi. Kamar yadda duniya ke kallo, Serengeti yana jiran amsoshi.
