Wadannan ragi ba makawa suna yin tasiri ga ayyukan jiragen sama da tsare-tsaren daukar ma'aikata, wanda zai iya haifar da damuwa ga masu neman matukan jirgi. Duk da haka, Martynas Mazeika, babban jami'in tallace-tallace a BAA Training, babbar jami'ar tukin jirgi, ya yi imanin cewa neman sana'ar zirga-zirgar jiragen sama ya kasance mai yiwuwa.
An Bayyana Jinkirin Isar da Jirgin
Duk masana'antun biyu suna kokawa da ƙalubalen da ke hana su ikon share bayanan baya, wanda a halin yanzu ya ƙare 6,184 ga Boeing da fiye da haka 8,585 don Airbus. Dalilan waɗannan jinkiri sun bambanta, gami da sarƙoƙin sarƙoƙi, juyar da ma'aikata, tasirin COVID-19, har ma da haɗarin jirgin sama.
2024 Hasashen Isar da Jirgin Sama
Masu sharhi na Hasashen Duniya suna tsammanin Boeing zai isar da jiragen kasuwanci 413 a cikin 2024, kusan raguwar 22% daga bara. Akasin haka, ana hasashen Airbus zai isar da jiragen sama 764, karuwar kashi 3% idan aka kwatanta da shekarar da ta gabata.
Duk da yake yanayin da ke sama ya nuna ikon Airbus na isar da saƙo ya fi na Boeing ƙarfi, bai isa ya iya biyan buƙatun ba, wanda kuma gabaɗaya ya fi na Boeing ƙarfi. Shugaban Kamfanin na Airbus kwanan nan ya ce suna da ƙarin buƙatu cewa ikon samarwa—lokacin da dubunnan masu ba da kayayyaki suka makara a kan haɓaka, yana ragewa kowa hankali.
Supply Chain Bottlenecks
Airbus yana kokawa don samun injuna daga masana'antun kamar CFM International da Pratt & Whitney, wanda ke shafar manyan samfuran A320neo da A220. Matsakaicin jirage 350 na Airbus A320 an kiyasta za a dakatar da su a duk shekara daga 2024 zuwa 2026, wanda ke haifar da raguwar iya aiki ga wasu kamfanonin jiragen sama. Misali, Wizz Air dole ne ya rage karfin da kusan 10%. Halin Rikicin Boeing
Matsalolin Boeing suna da alaƙa da tarihin batutuwan aminci, gami da munanan hadurrukan 737 MAX guda biyu a cikin 2018 da 2019 waɗanda suka dakatar da samarwa na ɗan lokaci. Kwanan nan, wani bala'i mai kusa da ya shafi fashewar wani jirgin saman Alaska 737 MAX 9 a cikin Janairu 2024 ya jagoranci Hukumar Kula da Sufurin Jiragen Sama ta Tarayya (FAA) ta taƙaita Boeing zuwa yawan samar da jet 38 kowane wata har sai an tabbatar da ingancin sarrafawa. . Bugu da ƙari, jinkirin tare da jirgin sama mai shekaru 777x, wanda ya fara bayarwa na farko zuwa 2021. Hakanan ma'aikata masu gudana (IAM) sun yi jinkirin samarwa a wurare masu mahimmanci, wanda ya shafi 2026 MAX da 737X shirye-shirye. Kwanaki kadan da suka gabata, Boeing ya sanar da korar ma'aikata 777, wanda ya kunshi kashi 17,000% na yawan ma'aikatansa.
A cewar Reuters, Ryanair ya kamata ya karɓi jigilar kayayyaki 20 daga Boeing kafin Disamba. Duk da haka, kamfanin yana tsammanin za a jinkirta su har zuwa shekara mai zuwa, wanda ya sa ya yanke hasashen zirga-zirgar 2025.
Dabarun Jiragen Sama Daban-daban
Babban labarai da ke bayyana cewa kamfanonin jiragen sama daban-daban na dakatar da horarwa da daukar ma'aikata saboda jinkirin jigilar jiragen ya zama ruwan dare a kafafen yada labarai. Amma shin hakan yana nufin masu neman matukin jirgi su sake yin la'akari da zaɓin aikinsu?
Softening Airline daukar ma'aikata
Martynas Mazeika ya yi bayani: “Gaskiya ne cewa wasu kamfanonin jiragen sama ba kawai suna rage horo da daukar aiki a lokacin bazara ba amma suna ci gaba da yin hakan a lokacin kaka da kuma lokacin sanyi. Koyaya, wannan ya fi tsauri a cikin Amurka fiye da na Turai, musamman game da Jirgin sama na Amurka, Jirgin sama na Spirit Airlines, Delta Airlines, da United Airlines.
“Amma kar mu manta cewa matukan jirgi da yawa za su kai shekarun yin ritaya nan ba da jimawa ba. Misali, Amurka tana tsammanin cewa matukan jirgi 850 za su yi ritaya a duk shekara cikin shekaru biyar masu zuwa. Wannan canjin da ake sa ran zai nuna cewa yayin da ma'aikata ke tafiyar hawainiya, har yanzu sabbin matukan jirgi za su bukaci cike gibin da ma'aikatan da suka yi ritaya suka bar.
"Wannan shine dalilin da ya sa ƙaddamar da tsammanin aikin matukin jirgi bisa la'akari da abubuwan isar da jirgin ba daidai ba ne."
Har yanzu ana fama da Karancin matukin jirgi
Bukatar ƙwararrun ma'aikatan jirgin sama na dogon lokaci yana da ƙarfi, saboda za a buƙaci sabbin matukan jirgi 155,000 a Turai da Asiya cikin shekaru 20 masu zuwa, a cewar sanarwar. Hasashen Boeing. Misali na baya-bayan nan na karancin matukan jirgi za a iya gani tare da kamfanin jiragen sama na KLM, wanda ya bukaci matukansa na wucin gadi da su yi aiki na cikakken lokaci don hana saukar wani bangare na jiragensa.
"A cikin 2023, yawancin kamfanonin jiragen sama a Turai, suna fama da ƙarancin matukin jirgi, sun haɓaka albashinsu da kusan 5-10%, tare da wasu takamaiman ayyuka, kamar matukan jirgi, suna ganin ƙarin haɓaka. A cikin Amurka, an sami ƙaruwa har zuwa 50% da aka rubuta, "in ji Mazeika.
Juya Zuwa Kamfanonin ACMI don Taimako
Lokacin da jirgin da kuke ƙidaya akansa bai zo akan lokaci ba kuma yana buƙatar ɗaukar ƙarfin aiki, juya zuwa kamfanonin ACMI (Jigilar Jiragen Sama, Jirgin Sama, Kulawa, da Inshora) galibi shine mafi kyawun mafita.
Misali, Wizz Air, yana fuskantar jinkirin A320neo, da Finnair, suna jiran jinkirin A350s, sun daidaita sassan dabarun kasuwancin su don kula da iya aiki.
Ƙaruwar buƙatun yana bayyana a cikin sakamakon kuɗin kasuwancin ACMI. Misali, Kamfanin Avia Solutions Group na Dublin, babban kamfanin samar da ACMI na duniya kuma kamfanin iyaye na BAA Training wanda ke gudanar da jerin gwanon jiragen sama 214, ya bayar da rahoton kudaden shiga na rabin farko na Yuro biliyan 1.2, karuwar shekara-shekara na 29% da karuwa da kashi 44% na ribar net na kwata na biyu na 2024 idan aka kwatanta da daidai wannan lokacin a 2023.
Abin sha'awa, kamfanonin jiragen sama ba wai kawai suna juya zuwa kamfanonin ACMI ba ne; wasu suna binciken kasuwancin da kansu. Misali, Jirgin Jirgin Sama na Norwegian ya kwatanta yuwuwar ribar shiga cikin sashin ACMI. Duk da yake ba kamfanin jirgin sama na ACMI ba, ya tsunduma cikin ba da hayar busasshiyar, inda yake ba da hayar jirgin kawai (ba tare da ma'aikata ko ƙarin ayyuka ba) ga wasu kamfanonin jiragen sama ko masu aiki.
Duk da haka Matukin jirgi Suna Bukatar
A cewar Mazeika, babban buƙatun kasuwancin ACMI na yanzu yana buɗe dama mai kayatarwa ga matukan jirgi. Wannan na iya zama hanya mai ban sha'awa ga waɗanda ke yin la'akari da aikin matukin jirgi ko ma ga waɗanda kamfanonin jiragen sama "an riƙe su a tsakiyar horo".
“Kamfanonin ACMI suna ƙara buƙatar ƙwararrun matukan jirgi don biyan buƙatun ayyukansu. Misali, don magance karancin matukin jirgi, wasu ma'aikatan ACMI, kamar Avion Express da Air Explore, sun fara daukar nauyin horar da matukan jirgi ta hanyar shirin Pilot Runway MPL don jawo sabbin kwararru. Wannan tsarin ba wai kawai yana taimaka wa kamfanonin jiragen sama su cike gibin ma'aikata ba har ma yana ba da sabbin damammaki ga daidaikun mutane masu neman shiga masana'antar zirga-zirgar jiragen sama."
Bukatar matukan jirgi a nan gaba kuma za a iya hasashen ba kawai daga ACMI da ke neman matukin jirgi ba har ma da cewa gado da sauran kamfanonin jiragen sama suna ƙara buɗe shirye-shiryen cadet da MPL, wanda ke nuna cewa za a buƙaci matukin jirgi a nan gaba.
“Ba daidai ba ne a fara horarwa kawai lokacin da aka fara jigilar jirage, domin ya kamata a yi la’akari da cewa ana daukar horo na shekaru biyu har sai matukan jirgin sun yi shiri. Saboda haka, shiri tun da wuri yana da mahimmanci, in ji Mazeika.