An bayyana tasirin tsarin raba tattalin arzikin kan yawon shakatawa

Lambobin guda ɗaya ya isa fahimtar girman juyin juya halin da "tattalin arzikin rabawa" ke jagoranta akan duniyar sabis: a cikin 2015, canjin tsakanin gidaje masu zaman kansu, sufuri, da buƙatun masu zaman kansu na sabis na ƙwararru tare da yanayin "Burter" ya kai kusan biliyan 28. Yuro

Koyaya, bisa ga wani bincike na PhoCusWright, ainihin tasirin zai kasance a cikin 2025 lokacin da a ƙarƙashin abin da ake kira tattalin arziƙin rabawa, ma'amaloli kai tsaye ko a kaikaice masu alaƙa da yawon shakatawa, sufuri, da duniyar balaguron balaguro, za su sami darajar Yuro biliyan 570. Daga Airbnb zuwa Blablacar, daga Uber zuwa Eatwith, guguwar tattalin arziƙin tattalin arziƙin ya afkawa duniyar kasuwancin otal, sufuri, da abinci - a zahiri, ainihin kasuwancin duniyar balaguro.

Daga cikin lamuran kwanan nan, akwai kuma ToursByLocals. Waɗannan ba jagororin yawon buɗe ido ba ne, amma mutanen gida waɗanda ke ba baƙi ƙwarewa na musamman na musamman, kamar azuzuwan dafa abinci tare da samfuran gida ko ɗanɗano mafi kyawun sanduna na gida. Suna tallata kansu a matsayin ƙwararrun ƙwararrun birni waɗanda ke samuwa don rakiyar matafiya musamman ɗaiɗaikun ɗaiɗaikun ɗabi'a tare da ƙwarewar gaske da ta al'ada. Waɗannan “ƙwararrun” galibi jagororin gargajiya ne ke ba su da kyau.

Tattalin arzikin rabawa wani dandali ne da aka sadaukar don "yi da kanku" ayyukan yawon shakatawa wanda a yau ke yaduwa a cikin kasashe sama da 90 a duniya. Mun kasance a haihuwar sabon ra'ayi na tela tafiya, amma tare da yawancin abubuwan da ba a sani ba, wanda ke fitowa daga ingantawa zuwa zamba.

Dangane da bincike na Jami'ar Bocconi, dandamali 480 suna aiki a cikin duniyar kan layi har zuwa yau, wanda sama da 45% ke aiki a sabis don nishaɗi. An fahimci cewa damuwar ’yan wasan gargajiya, tun daga otal-otal zuwa masu gudanar da yawon bude ido, a gaba xaya, ga alama ta tabbata.

Ba abin mamaki ba ne, ana samun matsin lamba mai ƙarfi kan EU da gwamnatocin ƙasa don ƙa'idar da ke riƙe da kotu a cikin ƙwararrun duniyar yawon buɗe ido. A takaice dai, daga duniyar gargajiya na rarraba kayan yawon shakatawa (ba a ba da mahimmanci ga girman kasuwancin da abin ya shafa ba) ya zo da sako mai ƙarfi da haske: yin amfani da ka'idoji abu ɗaya ne; wasa da masu fafatawa da ba su da dokoki, ko kuma ba sa mutunta su, wani lamari ne na daban.

Idan aka yi la'akari sosai, an lura cewa yunkurin farko na ka'ida ya fara bayyana, a matakin kasa da na Turai, amma yana kan harajin filaye wanda - a cewar manazarta - yana mai da hankali kan uwar duk fadace-fadace.

Har zuwa yau akwai samfuran da ke neman bambance matakan haraji dangane da yanayin ma'amala: idan waɗannan sun samo asali ne daga manyan dandamali na kasuwanci ko kuma idan sun fito daga ayyukan kaɗaici na mutane.

Faransa ta yanke shawarar cewa ita ce dandamali (da farko, babban kamfanin Airbnb) wanda ke da alhakin tattarawa da biyan harajin gaba saboda ma'amaloli, kamar yadda aka sanya su a lokacin rajista don takamaiman bayanan haraji. Tsarin a sauran ƙasashen Turai har yanzu yana kan sifiri na shekara.

Wannan rashin tabbas ne, musamman haɗe da jin daɗin yin aiki a cikin wani nau'in ƙasar da ba mutum ba, wanda ke ƙarfafawa da bunƙasa a kan karkatar da tattalin arzikin rabo. Masana'antar da ta karfafa tare da daukaka dimbin kayayyakin yawon bude ido, ita ma ta gurbata masana'antar yawon bude ido da tabarbarewar harkokin yawon bude ido, wanda bisa ga dabi'ar ta, tana da matukar damuwa ga tabarbarewar aiki.