IATA: Matakai na gaba don gwaji don sake buɗe kan iyakoki ba tare da keɓewa ba

The Transportungiyar Jirgin Sama ta Duniya (IATA) yana maraba da littafin Jagora akan Gwaji da Matakan Gudanar da Hadarin Kan Iyakoki ta Civilungiyar Kula da Aviationasa ta Aviationasa ta Duniya (ICAO). Wannan takaddar ta samarwa gwamnatoci kayan aikin tantance haɗari don amfani da shirye-shiryen gwaji waɗanda zasu iya sauƙaƙe bukatun keɓewa. 

Yana da mahimmin fitarwa wanda Aa'idar Hadin gwiwar ta ICAO ta samar don Rigakafin da Gudanar da al'amuran Kiwon Lafiyar Jama'a a Jirgin Sama (CAPSCA). CAPSCA ta haɗu da ƙwarewar jihohi, hukumomin kiwon lafiyar jama'a (Healthungiyar Kiwon Lafiya ta Duniya / WHO, Cibiyoyin Kula da Rigakafin Cututtuka, Cibiyar Kula da Rigakafin Cututtuka da Turai) da ƙwararrun masana masana'antu (IATA, Hukumar Kula da Filin Jirgin Sama, ,ungiyar Kula da Internationalasa ta ofungiyoyin Masana'antu ta eroasa ).

Wannan ci gaban mai karfafa gwiwa ya biyo bayan maganganun baya-bayan nan ne daga Shugaban Kwamitin Gaggawa na Dokokin Kiwon Lafiyar Kiwon Lafiya na Duniya na WHO, Dokta Didier Houssin, wanda ya hango rawar da za a iya gwadawa a matsayin hanyar sake bude tafiye-tafiyen kasashen duniya ba tare da matakan kebewa ba. Bayan taron Kwamitin Gaggawa na WHO a ranar 30 ga watan Oktoba 2020, ya ce, “a bayyane yake yin amfani da gwaje-gwajen tabbas yanzu ya kamata ya sami wuri mafi girma idan aka kwatanta da keɓewa, misali, wanda tabbas zai sauƙaƙe abubuwa duba da duk ƙoƙarin da an yi ta ne ta jiragen sama da na filayen jirgin sama. "

“Lokacin yana ginin ne don tallafawa kiran da muke yi na gwaji na yau da kullun don sake buɗe kan iyakoki ba tare da matakan keɓewa ba. ICAO, yana aiki tare da hukumomin lafiya da masana'antu, ya samar da babban tsari. Hukumomin kiwon lafiya sun fara gano yadda gwajin zai iya maye gurbin kebewa don dakatar da yaduwar kwayar cutar kan iyaka. Sakamakon karfafa gwiwa daga gwajin shirye-shiryen gwaji ya kamata yanzu ya baiwa jihohi kwarin gwiwar ci gaba cikin sauri, ”in ji Alexandre de Juniac, Darakta Janar da Shugaba na IATA.

Gwaji-Inganci da Aiki 

Shirye-shiryen Pilot don gwajin COVID-19 na matafiya sun fara samar da sakamako mai ƙarfafawa wanda ke tabbatar da ingancin su. 

• Nazari kan isowar fasinjoji zuwa Toronto an gwada fasinjoji sau uku: yayin isowa, da rana 5 da rana 14. Kashi ɗaya cikin ɗari na fasinjojin da aka gwada tabbatacce a kan wannan lokacin, tare da gano kashi 70% tare da gwajin farko. A takaice dai, sakamakon binciken na iya nuna yiwuwar kusan 60 daga kowane matafiya 20,000 da ba za a iya gano su ba lokacin isowa, wanda ya ragu matuka fiye da yadda ake yaduwa a Kanada.
   
• Tsarin gwaji kafin tafiya don hanyar Milan / Linate-Rome / Fiumicino gano game da 0.8% na fasinjoji tare da COVID-19. Tun da wannan matakin abin ya fi girma fiye da yadda aka ruwaito rahoton COVID-19 a Italiya a lokacin, zai bayyana cewa ba wai kawai yana gwada tasiri sosai wajen gano matafiya masu cutar ba amma gwajin tsari shi ne hanya mafi kyau don gano al'amuran asymptomatic kuma zuwa karya sarƙoƙi na watsawa.
   
• Nazarin Turai da ba da daɗewa ba shi ne ma mafi sa zuciya. Yana samfurin yanayi don ingantaccen tsarin gwaji. A cikin yanayi mai saurin yaduwa, akwai yuwuwar ganin adadin maganganu masu kyau da ba a gano ba ba su da yawa ba 5 cikin matafiya 20,000, suna ƙaruwa zuwa 25 a cikin mawuyacin hali. Waɗannan matakan abubuwan da suka faru har yanzu sun kasance ƙasa da ƙananan yaduwar cutar COVID-19 a cikin Turai.
   
• IATA ta tsara sakamakon gwajin don ƙididdige haɗarin da zai iya kasancewa idan aka aiwatar da tsarin gwajin kafin tafiya. Idan aka ce gwajin yana gano 75% na matafiya daidai waɗanda suke da COVID-19 (tasirin gwajin) daga asalin mutane tare da yawan 0.8% na yawan jama'a (misali, kwatankwacin Chile), haɗarin shine 0.06% na fasinjoji yana da cutar kuma ba a gano shi ba. Wannan yana nufin ma'anar tabbatattun sharuɗɗa 12 ga kowane fasinja mai zuwa 20,000.

Wadannan karatun duk suna nunawa a cikin hanyar gwaji kasancewa ingantacciyar hanyar takaita yaduwar COVID-19 ta hanyar zirga-zirgar jiragen sama. “Bayanai sun nuna cewa gwaji na yau da kullun na iya rage haɗarin shigo da COVID-19 ta hanyar tafiye-tafiye zuwa ƙananan matakan-ba sifili ba, amma ƙasa kaɗan. Tabbas a mafi yawan lokuta zai rage haɗari zuwa matakan da ke nufin cewa fasinjoji masu zuwa ba su da saurin kamuwa da cutar fiye da yawan mutanen yankin don haka ba sa ƙara ma'ana ga yaduwar COVID-19 a yawancin wurare. Ingancin zai ƙaru. Ci gaban fasaha yana faruwa a kowace rana wanda zai inganta aikin gwaji, ”in ji de Juniac.

IATA yana ƙarfafa gudu da kuma mai da hankali kan gudanar da haɗarin. “Wajibi ne hankalinmu ya karkata ga kula da kasada na kwayar cutar tare da kiyaye jin dadin jama’a baki daya. Hakan zai zama sauyawa daga manufofin gwamnati na yanzu gabaɗaya kan mayar da hankali ga kawar da haɗari har sai an sami allurar rigakafi kuma a kowane farashi ga rayuwar mutane da rayuwar su. Ko da da labarai masu ƙarfafawa na kwanan nan, zai zama daidai a cikin 2021 kafin mu iya tsammanin alurar riga kafi babba. A halin yanzu, hana mutane freedomancin motsi ba zai haifar da illa ga ayyuka da kuma tsarin rayuwarmu ba. Dabarun tare da gwajin haɗari suna ba da hanyar da za ta iya sauƙaƙe sauƙin farfado da tattalin arziƙi daga fa'idodin duniyar da aka sake haɗawa. Gwamnatoci na iya kara rage haɗarin ta hanyar saka hannun jari a cikin ingantattun hanyoyin tuntuɓar juna da shirye-shiryen sa ido kan kiwon lafiya don keɓe duk wata hanyar watsawa tsakanin al'umma. Kuma akwai ma fa'idojin da za a iya samu wajen shawo kan cutar ta hanyar yin gwaji mai yawa na matafiya wadanda ba sa nuna alamun cutar, "in ji de Juniac.

Mahimman ci gaba da aka samu a fasahar gwajin zai taimaka wa gwamnatoci aiwatar da gwaji ga matafiya ba tare da gurɓatar da kasancewar gwaje-gwajen kai tsaye da ya shafi ɓangaren kiwon lafiya ba, musamman gwajin polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Don gwaji don haɗa shi cikin tsarin tafiya dole ne ya zama mai sauri, daidai, mai daidaitawa, mai sauƙin amfani da araha. Duk da yake IATA ba ta bayar da shawarar takamaiman nau'in gwajin ba, dakin gwaje-gwaje ya ba da rahoton daidaito don saurin gwajin antigen (RAT) ya cika ƙa'idodin da aka ambata. Nazarin Oxford / Kiwon Lafiyar Jama'a Ingila ya nuna 99.6% takamaiman bayani tare da ƙwarewa sosai ga RAT.
 
Ayyuka

Masu tafiya suna tallafawa gwaji. Wani bincike na IATA ya nuna cewa kashi 83% na mutane ba zasu yi tafiya ba idan yana bukatar keɓewa. Hakanan ya nuna cewa wasu kashi 88% na matafiya zasu yarda a gwada su idan hakan zai taimaka musu. Hakanan binciken ya kuma bayyana cewa kashi 65% sunyi imanin cewa keɓantaccen keɓancewa bazai zama dole ba idan wani yayi gwaji mara kyau ga COVID-19. “Ra’ayin jama’a na goyon bayan gwajin COVID-19. Suna ganin hakan a matsayin mafi kyawun zaɓi idan aka kwatanta da keɓewa wanda ke kashe tafiya. Kuma suna jin dadi idan aka gwada ku aka ga ba daidai ba ba kwa buƙatar keɓewa, ”in ji de Juniac.

Ana buƙatar ƙididdigar duniya don canza yawancin matukan jirgi da “kumfa” zuwa cikin sake farawa a duniya na tashi sama na duniya. Don tallafawa wannan IATA yana haɓaka:

• Jagorar aiwatarwa mai amfani don Manual akan Gwaji da Matakan Gudanar da Hadarin Giciye
   
• IATA Travel Pass don gudanar da takaddun gwajin COVID-19, ɗayan hanyoyin magance ci gaba don taimakawa sarrafa takaddun gwaji. IATA tana maraba da canjin kasuwa mai gasa don waɗannan mafita waɗanda yakamata su zama masu fa'ida, duniya, daidaito da ma'amala. 

Speed

IATA yana buƙatar gwamnatocin da ke aiki tare da masana'antu su hanzarta aiwatar da tsarin haɗin kan duniya da tsari mai kyau don gwajin COVID-19 a cikin tafiyar tafiya.

Tafiya da gaske ya kasance cikin kullewa. Kowace rana da wannan yanayin ya tsawaita yana sanya ƙarin ayyuka cikin haɗari kuma ya sanya hanyar dawowa da wahala sosai.

Aiwatar da tsarin tsarin tsarin jituwa na duniya don tafiye tafiye na ƙasashen duniya zai dace da matakan da aka riga aka kafa don kiyaye matafiya lafiya. A watan Yuni, ICAO ta buga Take: Jagora game da Balaguron Jirgin Sama ta hanyar COVID-19 Rikicin Kiwan Lafiyar Jama'a wanda ke kira ga gwamnatoci da su aiwatar da tsari mai yawa na matakan tsafta a duk lokacin tafiyar. Sanya fuska yana da mahimmanci ga abubuwan -aukarwa tare da kyakkyawar yarjejeniya tsakanin binciken da aka buga kwanan nan game da zirga-zirgar jiragen sama da COVID-19 da ke nuni da ƙananan haɗarin watsa labarai (Harvard, TRANSCOM).

“Tsaro shine ginshikin jirgin sama. Wannan rikicin ya kara karfafa wannan sadaukarwar ne kawai. Akwai ƙoƙari mai ban sha'awa da gwamnatoci, hukumomin kiwon lafiyar jama'a da ƙungiyoyin jiragen sama ke yi don tabbatar da tsaro cikin aminci koda a yayin wannan annoba. Sharuɗɗan ICaukewar ICAO matakai ne masu amfani don sadar da lafiyar lafiyar jama'a daga shiga zuwa isowa. Kuma yawancin ci gaban da aka samu kan gwaji, gami da jagorancin ICAO, su ne abin da ake bukata don bude kan iyakoki tare da rage barazanar shigo da COVID-19, "in ji de Juniac.