The Friedrichstadt-Paast Berlin ya yarda da asalin Yahudawa tun 1919 | Tarihin mataki mai ban mamaki na Friedrichstadt-Palast Berlin ya fara shekaru ɗari da suka wuce.
A ranar 29 ga Nuwamba, 1919, mawallafin gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Yahudawa Max Reinhardt ya buɗe Grofles Schauspielhaus ñ wanda ya gabace shi zuwa Palast. An sake masa suna Theatre des Volkes (Theater of People) a lokacin Reich na uku, Joseph Goebbelsí Reich Ma'aikatar Wayar da Kan Jama'a da Farfaganda ne ke sarrafa gidan wasan kwaikwayo kai tsaye. Ayyukan sun sake komawa a gidan wasan kwaikwayon da ke cikin sashin Soviet na Berlin bayan yakin a farkon lokacin rani na 1945 kuma an ba shi suna na yanzu na Friedrichstadt-Palast a 1947.
Har zuwa 1990, Palast ita ce gidan wasan kwaikwayo mafi girma a Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Jamus (GDR) ñ kuma a yau kuma a cikin Jamus ta sake hadewa. Dangane da sake bullar kyamar Yahudawa da kuma a matsayin wata alama ta hadin kai ga rayuwar Yahudawa a nan Jamus, Palasdinawa na cike da alfahari da amincewa da gadon Yahudawa a lokacin bukukuwa da tutar da ke dauke da Tauraron Dauda. Tun daga farkon lokacin cika shekara ta 2019/20, Palast ta kasance tana bitar tarihin wasan kwaikwayo tare da ayyuka iri-iri.
Gidan wasan kwaikwayo da aka fi ziyarta a babban birnin Jamus yanzu ya kafa tuta a wajen babban ƙofarsa mai ɗauke da Tauraron Dauda da kuma rubutun ì Tushen Yahudawa tun shekara ta 1919 a cikin Jamusanci da Ingilishi. Wadanda suka kafa mu na 1919 daga baya sun sha wahala a ƙarƙashin Nazis. Max Reinhardt a matsayin Bayahude, Erik Charell a matsayin Bayahude kuma dan luwadi, da Hans Poelzig a matsayin masanin zane-zane. Yayin da Reinhardt da Charell suka tafi gudun hijira, an hana Poelzig ci gaba da sana'arsa, in ji Dr. Berndt Schmidt, Babban Darakta na Palast. IItís ɓangare na mu gidan wasan kwaikwayo DNA da wani wajibi na yanzu.
Musamman bayan harin da aka kai a majami'ar Halle da kuma hare-haren da ake kai wa malamai da al'ummar yahudawa a duk fadin Jamus.î Bisa la'akari da tarihinsa mai ban sha'awa, Palast a yau ya tsaya tsayin daka kan 'yanci, bambancin ra'ayi da demokradiyya. Tun daga shekara ta 2014, gidan wasan kwaikwayon ya daina gayyatar jakadun kasashen da dokokinsu ke zaluntar 'yan luwadi zuwa farkonsa. A cikin 2017, Schmidt ya kuma nisanta kansa a bainar jama'a daga ra'ayin wariyar launin fata da kishin kasa na Alternative f¸r Jamus (AfD), jam'iyyar siyasa mai ra'ayin masu tsattsauran ra'ayi mai tsattsauran ra'ayi wacce ita ma ke da wakilci a majalisar dokokin Jamus ta Bundestag.
Takaddama ta barke a kafafen yada labarai da masu shirya wasan kwaikwayo kan ko an bar gidan wasan kwaikwayo mallakar gwamnati ya yi irin wadannan kalamai. Dokta Berndt Schmidtís hangen nesa: ìLokacin da muka ga 'yanci da 'yanci na fasaha a cikin haɗari, ba a ba da izinin wasan kwaikwayo na Jamus ba ñ su ma dole ne. Menene kuma ya kamata darussa daga tarihin Jamus su kasance?î A lokacin da ake ci gaba da cece-kuce a ranar 7 ga Oktoba 2017, duk gidan wasan kwaikwayon da ke da baƙi kusan 2,000 ya zama dole a kwashe na ɗan gajeren lokaci saboda barazanar bam da ba a bayyana ba. Bayanin bango: Game da waɗanda suka kafa Palastís: Max Reinhardt shine mafi hangen nesa kuma mai gidan wasan kwaikwayo na lokacinsa. Hans Poelzig ya kasance masanin gine-gine mai tasiri.
Erik Charell ya yi la'akari da nunin nunin ëGolden Twentiesí a Berlin, ya gano Marlene Dietrich da 'yan wasan barkwanci, kuma ya ƙirƙiri operetta ëIm Weifleen Rˆsslí (The White Horse Inn) wanda ya shahara a duniya. Daga 1933, Ƙungiyoyin Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙasa sun hana dukan uku daga aiki a Jamus. Zuriyarsu ta Yahudawa ta sa Reinhardt da Charell su tafi gudun hijira; a matsayin ɗan kishili kuma Bayahude, Charell na cikin haɗari musamman. Poelzig ya kasance yana fuskantar ramuwar gayya saboda tsarin gine-ginensa (ìdegenerateî).
A cikin 1980, tsohon Palast dole ne a rufe shi kuma ya rushe saboda lalacewar ginin. A ranar 27 ga Afrilu 1984, an buɗe sabon Palast a matsayin babban gini na ƙarshe na Jamhuriyar Demokaradiyya ta Jamus (GDR). Har yanzu yana burge a yau tare da babban matakin wasan kwaikwayo na worldís. Sabon Friedrichstadt-Paast yana da baƙi 1,900, wanda ya sa ya zama gidan wasan kwaikwayo mafi girma a Berlin. Tare da baƙi 700,000 a kowace shekara, ita ce gidan wasan kwaikwayon nishaɗi da aka fi ziyarta a Jamus.
Karin bayani kan yawon shakatawa na Jamus: www.germantourismboard.com
