Cibiyar Inganta Tourarfin Yawon Buɗe Ido ta Duniya da ke jagorantar dawo da Caribbean

The UNWTO ya bayyana annoba ta yanzu a matsayin mafi munin rikicin da yawon buɗe ido na ƙasa da ƙasa ya fuskanta tun lokacin da aka fara rubuce-rubuce a shekara ta 1950. An yi hasashen cewa a shekarar 2020, tsakanin dalar Amurka biliyan 910 zuwa dalar Amurka biliyan 1.2 za a yi asara a cikin kuɗin shigar da ake fitarwa daga yawon buɗe ido kuma aiyukan kai tsaye miliyan 100 zuwa 120 na cikin haɗari sakamakon takaita zirga-zirgar kasashen duniya da rage bukatar duniya.

Daga hangen nesa da Caribbean, Hukumar Tattalin Arziki ta Latin Amurka da Caribbean ta bayyana cewa annoba tana shafar tattalin arziƙin Latin Amurka da Caribbean ta hanyar abubuwan waje da na cikin gida waɗanda tasirinsu gabaɗaya zai haifar da mummunan ƙarancin yanki da yankin ke da shi gogewa tun lokacin da aka fara rubuce-rubuce a cikin 1900. 

Sashin yawon shakatawa ya zama abin takaici game da wannan ragin. Ana sa ran yawon shakatawa na Caribbean ya yi kwangila da 20-30% a wannan shekara tare da masu zuwa yawon bude ido da suka sauka da kashi 75% a cikin kwata 3 na ƙarshe na 2020. Wannan ƙanƙantar da aka samu a cikin yawon buɗe ido yana raguwar ayyukan tattalin arziƙi a cikin Caribbean tare da ci gaban da aka tsara zai yi da kashi 6.2 cikin 2020 a cikin XNUMX Maido da yawon buda ido zai dogara ne sosai kan yadda da kuma lokacin da ake bude iyakoki a duk fadin duniya.

Jagoranci Recoveryoƙarin Maidowa

The Cibiyar Nazarin Yawon Bude Ido ta Duniya da Cibiyar Kula da Rikici (GTRCMC) an dauki nauyin jagorantar kokarin dawo da yankin yankin Caribbean. Idan aka duba zuwa ga makomar, GTRCMC zai ci gaba da karfafa haɗin gwiwa tare da cibiyar sadarwar sa na gida, yanki, da kuma na ƙasa da ƙasa don magance tasirin cutar a wurare da kuma gano ingantattun dabaru don murmurewa da haɓaka shirye-shiryen su da amsawa ga tashin hankali na gaba. Cibiyar ta fahimci cewa dawo da yawon bude ido a kan lokaci yana da matukar muhimmanci ga ci gaban tattalin arzikin yankin. Faduwar tattalin arziki da tattalin arziki daga duk wani tsaiko da aka samu na tsawon lokaci ga bangaren yawon bude ido na iya haifar da mummunan sakamako ga yankin na Caribbean.

Kungiyar Kwadago ta Duniya (ILO) ta bayyana yawon bude ido a matsayin babbar hanyar samun kudaden shiga da ayyukan yi a yankin yankin Caribbean. Kafin annobar, sashin yawon bude ido ya tallafawa kasashe 16 cikin 28 na yankin Caribbean. Caribbeanasar Caribbean, a hakika, ta fi dogaro da yawan yawon buɗe ido a duniya tare da 10 daga 20 mafi yawan ƙasashe masu dogaro da yawon buɗe ido a duniya suna cikin yankin da Virginan tsibirin Birtaniyya ke jagoranta tare da dogaro da 92.6%. Bangaren tafiye-tafiye da yawon bude ido sun ba da kusan dala biliyan 59 ga babban kuɗin cikin gida na yankin Caribbean a cikin 2019. A matsakaici, masana'antar yawon buɗe ido kai tsaye suna ba da gudummawar kusan kashi 33 na Gross Domestic Product (GDP) da kuma sama da kashi 52 na rasit na fitarwa. A Antigua da Barbuda, yawon bude ido na da kashi 54% na GDP, 42% a Belize, 41% a Barbados, 38% a Dominica, da 34% a Jamaica.

Masana'antar tana ba da aikin kai tsaye ga ma'aikata 413,000 a cikin Caribbean, wanda ke wakiltar, a matsakaita, kashi 18.1 na yawan aiki. Lokacin da aka samar da aikin kai tsaye kuma ya haifar da wannan aikin, wannan kiyasin na iya haura zuwa kaso 43.1 tare da rarraba karkatuwa zuwa sama a cikin kasashen yankin gabashin Caribbean masu dogaro da yawon bude ido. Game da aikin kai tsaye, 48% na mutanen da ke aiki a Antigua da Barbuda suna aiki a cikin ayyukan da suka shafi yawon buɗe ido, 41% a Barbados, da 31% a Jamaica. 

Hakanan yawon bude ido ya yi daidai da manyan maƙasudin Manufofin Cigaban Cigaban. Yawon bude ido yanki ne mai matukar kwadago wanda ke samar da ayyuka ga mutane na kowane zamani da matakan kwarewa ba kawai a bangaren ba amma ta hanyar jerin darajojin sa a wasu bangarori da dama kamar su masana'antun al'adu, noma, gini, masana'antu, sufuri, sana'o'in hannu, kiwon lafiya, kudi ayyuka ko bayanai, da fasahar sadarwa. Yawon shakatawa kuma yana ba da gudummawa ga daidaito tsakanin maza da mata ta hanyar tallafawa karfafa tattalin arzikin mata. Yawon shakatawa na Caribbean suna ganin yawancin mata aikin yi, tsakanin kashi 50 zuwa 60. Har ila yau, yawon bude ido yana taimakawa wajen hanzarta ci gaban al'umma ta hanyar shigar da al'ummomin yankin cikin ci gabanta tare da baiwa al'ummomi dama su ci gaba a wurin asalinsu. Rushewar halin yanzu babu shakka ya bar al'ummomi da yawa a ciki da kewayen wuraren hutu suna fuskantar durƙushewar tattalin arziki da ba a taɓa ganin irinsa ba.

Faduwar duniya

Tattalin arzikin da ya dogara da yawon bude ido kamar wadanda ke yankin Karibiyan a bayyane yake yana fuskantar tasirin rashin daidaito sakamakon faduwar tattalin arziki daga rikicin duniya na yanzu. Yankin Karebiya yana da iyakokin gidan sauro na aminci. Wannan yana nufin cewa mutanen Caribbean, tattalin arziƙi, da makomar da mafi ƙarancin COVID-19 zai lalata su fiye da ƙasashe masu ƙasashe daban-daban na tattalin arziki. A duk faɗin yankin, rashin aikin yi da rashin aikin yi suna ta ƙaruwa yayin da aka kori dubunnan ma'aikatan masana'antu yayin da wasu ke ci gaba da aiki ba bisa ƙa'ida ba a cikin yanayin ragin sa'o'i da albashi. ILO ta bayyana cewa kusan rabin ma'aikatan yawon bude ido yanzu haka suna fuskantar yiwuwar samun gibi na aiki mai kyau ta fuskar rasa aiki, ragin lokacin aiki, da asarar kudaden shiga.

Abin takaici, gwamnatocin yankin Caribbean ba sa iya bayar da tsarin ba da tallafin albashi kamar takwarorinsu da suka ci gaba kamar su Burtaniya da Amurka. Wannan yana kara dagula matsalar. Tasirin faduwar yawon bude ido a yankin ya kara tabarbarewa kasancewar wasu mahimman hanyoyin samun kudaden shiga / kudaden shiga, saka hannun jari kai tsaye daga ƙasashen waje, da kuma fitar da kuɗaɗen suna cikin haɗari kasancewar manyan masu samar da kayayyaki - Amurka, Ingila da Kanada - sune Har ila yau yana fuskantar matsalar tattalin arziki.

Ba zato ba tsammani, mai zurfi, kuma mai yiwuwa tsawon lokaci a cikin ɓangaren tafiye-tafiye da yawon buɗe ido ya sanya ƙasashen Caribbean waɗanda ke dogaro da yawon buɗe ido na ƙasashen waje suka damu matuka game da tattalin arzikin su. Raguwar kudaden shiga na yawon bude ido na nuna cewa gwamnatoci ba sa iya tara kudaden shigar da za su yi amfani da kasafin kudinsu kuma dole ne su dogara da taimakon kasa da kasa da rance, wanda hakan ke haifar da karin matsala idan aka yi la’akari da yawan bashin na kasashen waje. Hakanan asusun ajiyar ƙasashen waje yana da ƙasa da haɗari a cikin ƙasashe da yawa.

Abin da wannan ke nufi ga Caribbean

Saurin martani na farko na gwamnatocin yanki game da annobar game da rufe iyakokin, takurawa kan taron jama'a, sadarwar da aka yi niyya, daidaiton bayanai tsakanin gargadi da tabbatarwa, da hadin gwiwar bangarori daban-daban ya taimaka wajen kiyaye shari'oin COVID -19 wadanda ke da nasaba da kananan yankin. yawan jama'a. Sakamakon karfafa dangantaka tsakanin masu ruwa da tsaki, karfin iya gano kasada tun da farko da kuma aiwatar da ayyukan rigakafi da sarrafawa a matakin al'umma an kara inganta. Koyaya, kodayake masana kiwon lafiyar jama'a sun ce nisantawar jama'a da keɓe masu keɓaɓɓu na da mahimmanci, rashin tabbas na tattalin arziki da ke tattare da waɗannan matakan yana ba da ƙarfi mai ƙarfi - musamman a wani ɓangare na duniya inda dogaro kan ma'amala ido-da-ido ke da yawa.

Babu shakka, Ba za a iya keɓe Caribbean daga yanayin duniya na koma baya ba la'akari da cewa yankin ya dogara ƙwarai da kasuwanni a Arewacin Amurka da Turai, waɗanda suka fi fuskantar matsaloli ciki har da Amurka, Ingila, Spain, da Italiya. Idan waɗannan ƙasashe masu ƙarfin tattalin arziki ba su farfaɗo da sauri ba, tsawon lokacin aikin dawo da shi zai ɗauki yankin Caribbean. Tattalin arzikin duniya yana kuma zubar da jini daga matsalar koma bayan COVID-19. Wannan ya saba wa tsarin da yawon bude ido ke bayar da dala tiriliyan 8.9 na GDP na duniya ko 10.3% na GDP na duniya; Ayyuka miliyan 330, ayyuka 1 cikin 10 a duk duniya; 28.3% na fitowar sabis na duniya; da dala biliyan 948 na jarin jari.  

Babu matsala idan aka ce dawo da yawon bude ido ya zama babban fifiko na masu tsara manufofin yanki da na duniya a yankin Caribbean. Saboda haka kawance tsakanin dukkan masu ruwa da tsaki - masu zaman kansu, na jama'a, na yanki, da na ƙasa da ƙasa - dole ne, a ƙarfafa, don cimma wannan manufa tasu.

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