Batun "Chianti Groupananan Vungiyar Vespa Tour" - ƙone-mataki na uku da damuwa

A cikin labarin na wannan makon mun sake yin nazari kan ayyuka da nauyin da ke wuyan wakilan balaguro da masu gudanar da balaguro wajen zabar masu ba da sabis na balaguro na ketare. A cikin Giampietro v. Viator, Inc. da TripAdvisor LLC, 2015 US Dist. LEXIS 132225 (ED Pa. 2015) an lura cewa Megan da Samuel Giampietro, mazauna Pennsylvania, "suna kai karar Viator, Inc. da TripAdvisor LLC dangane da hatsarin babur da ya faru yayin da suke hutu a Italiya". Wadanda ake tuhumar sun gabatar da bukatar yin watsi da dalilin cewa, a tsakanin su, TripAdvisor da Viator basu da aikin kulawa ba Megan Giampietro.

Sabunta Dokar Tafiya

Rahoton Ta'addancin Duniya

San Bernardino, Kalifoniya

A Nagourney, Masood & Schmidt, Killers Sun Long Radicalized, FBI Investigators, nytimes.com (12/7/2015) an lura da cewa "Ma'auratan da suka kai mummunan harin da ya kashe mutane 14 a makon da ya gabata, an dade ana tayar da su. Kuma sun kasance suna yin aiki a wani yanki da aka yi niyya kwanaki kafin aiwatar da kisan su, Ofishin Bincike na Tarayya ya ce Litinin… "Kamar yadda binciken ya ci gaba, mun koyi kuma mun yi imanin cewa duka batutuwan sun kasance masu tsattsauran ra'ayi kuma sun daɗe," David Bowdich. . Mataimakin daraktan FBI mai kula da ofishin filin na Las Angeles, ya fada a wani taron manema labarai a nan”. A Medina, Perez-Pena, Schmidt & Goodstein, FBI ta dauki harin San Bernardino a matsayin Harkar ta'addanci mai yiwuwa, nytimes.com (12/3/2015) an lura cewa "Ma'auratan da 'yan sanda suka ce sun kashe mutane 14 kuma sun bar 21 rauni a nan sun tara dubunnan harsasai da bama-baman bututun gida guda goma sha biyu a gidansu…wata alama ce da ke nuna cewa suna shirin kai hare-hare nan gaba. Hukumar ta FBI tana daukar harbin na ranar Laraba a matsayin wani abu na ta'addanci, duk da cewa hukumar ta yi nisa da cewa hakan ne."
A garin Baker, wata kasa ta yi mamakin lokacin da zubar da jini ya zama ta'addanci, nytimes.com (12/3/2015) an lura da cewa "Maharani sun hada da manyan bindigogi da bama-bamai…Hukumomi na ci gaba da kokarin tattara isassun bayanai a ranar Alhamis don amsa wannan tambayar, duba da tafiye-tafiyen da babban dan bindigar ya yi zuwa Gabas ta Tsakiya, yana neman duk wata alaka da kungiyoyin masu tsattsauran ra'ayi, tare da yin nazarin rayuwarsa don samun shaidar tsattsauran ra'ayi".

Alkahira, Misira

A Sabon harin ta'addanci da aka kai kan shahararren gidan abincin Alkahira, www.eturbonews.com (12/4/2015) an lura da cewa “Tana da sinadaran wani harin ta’addanci a Masar. A wannan karon Molotov cocktails sun fashe a wani gidan cin abinci na Alkahira inda suka kashe mutane 18 ranar Juma'a."

Sharm el-Sheikh, Misira

A cikin wane bala'i! Fatalwar garin Sharm el-Sheikh, Masar, www.eturbonews.com (12/1/2015) an lura cewa "Wannan garin bakin teku na Masar, ko mafi kyau shine, daya daga cikin manyan wuraren ruwa da wuraren hutu a duniya… Kudin hutu a Sharm El Sheikh na iya zama ƙasa da zama. a gida… (Duk da haka wannan) shine Sharm el-Sheikh inda tsaro na filin jirgin sama ya yi watsi da fasa-kwaurin bam (d) kan wani jirgin saman Rasha na baya-bayan nan wanda ya haifar da wani mummunan hatsari, wanda ya kawo hutu mai ban mamaki ga mummunan mummunan ƙarshen godiya ga ISIS. Lamarin yana da ban tausayi-kamar abin ban tausayi kamar Paris, Lebanon, Tunis da Brussel. Duniyar yawon bude ido ta gurgunce saboda tsoron ta’addanci”.

Istanbul, Turkey

A harin bam na Pipe a Istanbul: An dakatar da sabis na Metro, www.eturbonews.com (12/1/2015) an lura cewa "An dakatar da sabis na metro a Istanbul a yammacin Talata bayan da wani bam ya tashi kusa da tashar metro ya raunata mutane biyar".

Tailandia

A Tailandia: Masu yawon bude ido na Rasha suna cikin hadari?, www.eturbonewscom (12/4/2015) an lura da cewa "Masu tafiya kasar Rasha da ke hutu a Thailand na iya fuskantar hadari a cewar Hukumar Tsaro ta Tarayya ta Moscow…Hukumar Rasha ta gargadi Thailand game da wani gungun 'yan ta'adda 10 na kungiyar IS mai suna Islamic State. ya shiga Masarautar don kai wa Rasha hari”.

Balaguron yawon shakatawa na Rasha yana haɓaka

A Rasha: Indiya ta daina 'lafiya tafiye-tafiye', www.eturbonews.com (11/28/2015) an lura da cewa, "A karo na biyu ga masana'antar yawon shakatawa ta Goa, wadda tuni ta fara tabarbarewa sakamakon raguwar masu shigowa saboda faduwar darajar kudin ruble, Indiya ta shiga cikin jerin wuraren tafiye-tafiye masu aminci. An ba da shawarar ga masu yawon bude ido na Rasha, a cewar wani rahoto da kamfanin dillancin labarai na Rasha INTERFAX ya fitar…A cikin wata sanarwa a ranar Asabar, cibiyar yada labaran Rasha da ke Goa ta bayyana cewa, an sake ba da shawarar tafiye tafiye bayan da aka yi wa kasashen Masar da Turkiya bakar sunayensu. kamar yadda 'aminci' su ne Cuba, kudancin Vietnam da kudancin China.

Matsalolin Tsaron Jirgin Tailandia

A cikin FAA ana amfani da sabon nau'in zuwa THAI Airways saboda rashin bin ka'idojin aminci na ICAO, www.eturbonews.com (12/1/2015) an lura cewa “Hukumar FAA a yau ta sanar da cewa Masarautar Tailandia ba ta bin ka’idojin tsaro na (ICAO) kuma an ba ta kima na Category 2 dangane da sake tantance al’ummar kasar. Hukumar sufurin jiragen sama…A Category 2 International Aviation Safety Assessment (IASA) rating yana nufin cewa ƙasar ko dai ba ta da dokoki ko ƙa'idodin da suka wajaba don masu jigilar jiragen sama a ketare daidai da mafi ƙarancin ƙa'idodin ƙasa da ƙasa, ko kuma hukumarta ta farar hula-jiki mai daidai da FAA don amincin jirgin. al'amura - yana da kasawa a yanki ɗaya ko fiye, kamar ƙwarewar fasaha, ƙwararrun ma'aikata, rikodi, ko hanyoyin dubawa. Tare da kima na Category 2, masu ɗaukar kaya na Thailand na iya ci gaba da hidimar da ake da su zuwa Amurka. Ba za a bar su su kafa sabon sabis ga Amurka ba."

Binciken Crash Air Asia

A cikin Air Asia laifin kare lafiyar Airbus A320 ya yi hatsari inda ya kashe 162, www.eturbonewscom (12/1/2015) an lura da cewa “Binciken Indonesiya ya kammala: Jirgin Air Asia A320 da ya yi hadari ya fada tekun Java a ranar 28 ga watan Disambar bara, kasa da rabin jirgin da ya kwashe sa’o’i biyu… Wani fasinja mai tsatsauran ra'ayi wanda ya samu matsala akai-akai, ciki har da sau hudu a lokacin jirgin, da kuma sau 23 a shekarar da ta gabata…Masu bincike a kasar Indonesia sun fada a ranar Talata cewa matakin da ma'aikatan jirgin suka dauka ya haifar da asarar sarrafawa da kuma tsayawar wani jirgin fasinja na Air Asia da ya fado a tekun Java. A bara, ya kashe dukkan mutane 162 da ke cikinsa… Matakin da ma'aikatan jirgin suka yi ya haifar da gazawar sarrafa jirgin, lamarin da ya sa jirgin ya tashi daga tsarin tafiyar da aka saba. Lamarin ya haifar da tsawaita yanayin da ya wuce karfin ma'aikatan jirgin su murmure."

Direbobin Uber A Florida

A Ampel, Florida: Direbobin Uber 'Yan Kwangila ne, Ba Ma'aikata ba, law.com (12/3/2015) an lura cewa "Direba Uber a Florida za a ɗauke su 'yan kwangila masu zaman kansu maimakon ma'aikata, Ma'aikatar Tattalin Arziƙi ta Florida ta ƙaddara ranar Alhamis a nasara ga kamfanin ridesharing na tushen app. Hukuncin ya sauya hukuncin da aka yanke a baya kuma ya nuna matsayin Florida a muhawarar da ke fuskantar hukumomin gwamnati da kotuna a fadin kasar yayin da Uber ke zama a ko'ina",

Tukwici Direban Uber

A Kendall, Chen ya ba da Shaida Class Challenging Uber Over Tips, Mai rikodin (12/2/2015) an lura da cewa “Alƙali na tarayya (a cikin Ehret v. Uber Technologies, Inc., Case No. 14-cv-00113-EMC, Oda mai kwanan watan Disamba 2, 2015 (ND Cal.)) a ranar Laraba ya ƙyale fasinjojin Uber Technologies Inc. su ci gaba bisa tsarin aji tare da iƙirarin da suka yi niyya ga manufofin tukwici na kamfanin. Alkalin Alkalan Amurka Edward Chen na gundumar Arewacin California ya ba da shaida ga rukunin fasinjojin UberTAXI waɗanda suka karɓi imel na 2013 suna bayyana cewa za a caje su kyauta ta atomatik kashi 20 na abubuwan hawansu. Masu gabatar da kara sun yi iƙirarin cewa imel ɗin ya sa su yi imani cewa duk abin da aka bayar ya tafi ga direbobin su, yayin da a zahiri Uber ya kiyaye rabin ".

Uber Rape Case Defence

A cikin Todd, Uber ya juya zuwa ga Sanin Tsaro a cikin Suit Rape, Mai rikodin (12/4/2015) an lura da cewa "A cikin wata kwat da mata biyu suka kawo waɗanda ke zargin direbobin (Uber) sun yi lalata da su, lauyoyin kamfanin suna haɓaka. wani saba tsaro. A cikin takardun kotu da aka shigar da yammacin ranar Alhamis, Uber ta yi ikirarin cewa bai kamata a tuhume ta da laifin abin da direbobin suka aikata ba saboda 'ba ma'aikatan Uber ba ne', yana mai bayyana kariyar da kamfanin ya gabatar a baya a wasu kararrakin.

Anti-Uber Alliance

A cikin Ishaku, Lyft ya haɗu tare da abokan hamayyar Asiya don yin gasa tare da Uber, nytimes.com (12/3/2015) an lura da cewa "Ƙungiyar anti-Uber ta duniya na kamfanonin hawa-hailing yanzu sun sami tsari a hukumance. A ranar alhamis, Lyft, wani kamfani mai zaman kansa a Amurka, ya ba da sanarwar haɗin gwiwa tare da GrabTaxi, Ola da Didi Kuaidi, uku daga cikin manyan kamfanoni masu yabon hawan keke a Asiya. A karkashin haɗin gwiwa, kamfanoni za su iya yin aiki a cikin ƙasashensu na asali, tare da samar da sababbin hanyoyi ga kowannensu a kasuwannin da ba su shiga ba."

Airbnb Rayayye Shekara Daya

A cikin Roberts, Shekarar Rayuwarmu ta Airbnb, nyti.ms/1HntmBC (11/25/2015) an lura cewa "Alistair Cooke ya taɓa kwatanta New York a matsayin 'mafi girman tarin ƙauyuka a duniya' kuma na yi mafarkin zama a cikinsu. duka. Wannan sha'awar, maimakon aikina na masanin kimiyyar lissafi ko jami'in diflomasiyya, ya tilasta ni in ci gaba da tafiya tsakanin nahiyoyi da matata… fiye da shekaru 15. A ƙarshen kaka, mun yanke shawarar bin aikinta na fasaha a matsayin mai zane da sculptor zuwa New York…Ga dama na na rayu cikin mafarkin. Na ba da shawarar cewa mu yi gwaji kuma mu ƙaura zuwa wata unguwa daban kowane wata har tsawon shekara guda. Za mu sami gidaje ta amfani da Airbnb… Kuma burina na zuwa ƙauye-hop a gefe, na yi mamakin ko Airbnb zai iya canza yanayin rayuwarmu, ba kawai hanyar da muke tafiya ba… mutane na yau da kullun, ba kawai masu arziki ba. Kuma kamar yadda rayuwa ta kasance kamar haka a yau, garin yana cike da abubuwan da za a iya rabawa waɗanda aka fara gani da ban mamaki: Uber da Bike City, alal misali…Elaine za ta gaya muku sauyin da aka yi akai-akai ya sa ta fahimci wucewar lokaci da hakan. har yanzu ta fi son rayuwa ta wannan hanyar don kewaya kasuwar haya ta birni…Don haka duk da cewa shekarar gwaji ta wuce, adireshinmu har yanzu Airbnb ne”.

Duban otal Skeptic

Binciken Skeptic (reviewskepic.com) ya tabbatar da cewa "ya dogara ne akan bincike a Jami'ar Cornell (news.cornell.edu/stories/July11/OpinionSpam.html) wanda ke amfani da koyo na na'ura don gano sharhin otal na karya tare da kusan 90% daidai. Ƙara koyo game da bincike a Cornell Chronicle…da New York Times (nytimes.com/2011/08/20/technology/fining-fake-reviews-online.html)".

Babu Dabbobin Dabbobi Kamar Yadda Aka Duba Jakar

A Yamanouchi, Delta don dakatar da karɓar dabbobi a matsayin kayan da aka bincika, filin jirgin sama.blog.ajc.com (11/16/2015) an lura da cewa "Layin Jirgin Delta ya ce ba zai ƙara karɓar dabbobi kamar yadda aka duba kaya ba daga Maris 1, 2016… .dabbobin gida har yanzu suna iya tafiya a cikin gidan fasinja, sai dai a fannin kasuwanci da aka sani da Delta One. Har yanzu ana iya jigilar dabbobi ta Delta Cargo-duk da cewa yana iya yin tsada da ƙarancin dacewa. Farashin yana daga $193 zuwa $1,481.18″.

Yelp ya doke kara a kan sharhin karya

A cikin Todd, Yelp Beats Back Securities Suit Over Fase Reviews, law.com (11/25/2015) an lura cewa "Wani alkalin tarayya a ranar Talata ya jefar da karar mai hannun jari wanda ya zargi Yelp Inc. Da yaudarar masu zuba jari game da amincin sa. sake dubawa da yadda ake tace su…gano cewa kamfanin yana da 'a bayyane kuma a fakaice' ya yarda cewa wasu sake dubawa ba su da inganci. "Wadancan sun amince da fahimtar juna game da abin da ake nufi da bayanan da ake amfani da shi, yana nuna cewa babu mai saka jari mai amfani, na iya fahimtar mai saka jari ta Yelp an tabbatar da cewa samar da yelp tigar) rubuta." www.eturbonews.com
Labarin Dokar Balaguro: Harka ta Scooter

"Megan da Samuel Giampietro (sun yi zargin cewa) Viator, Inc. da TripAdvisor LLC" kamfanoni ne da ke gudanar da kasuwancin samar da ayyuka masu alaka da balaguro ta hanyar gidajen yanar gizon su wanda ya hada da sake duba wuraren da suka shafi ravel da yawon shakatawa' (da kuma) wadanda ake tuhuma. '' Samfurin kasuwanci shine kamfanin sabis na balaguro na intanet wanda ana siyar da sabis ɗin ga abokan ciniki inda wurin siyar ya kasance a wurin abokin ciniki' kuma waɗanda ake tuhumar' sun ba da rangadin gefe a wurare daban-daban a duk faɗin duniya, gami da sanya abokan cinikin sa masu gudanar da yawon bude ido”.

Alkawura

"Giampitros ya ba da hutu zuwa Italiya ta hanyar Viator… A 'shawarwari/shawarwari' na Viator sun kuma yi ajiyar 'Chianti Small Group Vespa Tour'… Tallan Viator na wannan tor ya bayyana cewa ba zai sami mutane sama da goma ba, ya haɗa da tafiya cikin nutsuwa. da hanyoyi masu ban sha'awa kuma farawa tare da zaman fuskantarwa na minti talatin kan yadda za a tashi Vespa lafiya".

Gaskiyar Konawa

“A ranar 30 ga Yuni, 2013, yayin da suke hutu, Giampitros sun fara rangadin Vespa a Florence, Italiya. Florencetown Vespa ya gudanar da yawon shakatawa. Ba a yi tallar rangadin ba-a zahiri mutane kusan ashirin ne, tafiye-tafiyen ya fi karkata kan tituna masu cike da cunkoson ababen hawa biyu babu kafadu, kuma tsarin ya dauki tsawon mintuna goma kacal. Yayin da Megan's Vespa ke yawon shakatawa ya tsaya sau biyu, amma mai kula da yawon shakatawa ya gaya masa cewa Vespa 'zai yi kyau' kuma ta ci gaba da amfani da shi. Lokacin da Megan's Vespa ya tsaya a karo na uku, ta fadi kuma ta sami munanan raunuka, ciki har da konewar digiri na uku, rashin hayyacinta, raunin da ya faru a lebe da idanunta da kuma taurin kai ".

Cajin

“The Giampietros… suna zargin cewa Viator kuma, ta hanyar abin alhaki na magaji, TripAdvisor (wanda ya sayi Viator) yana da alhakin raunin Megan… ya kasa gargadi Giampietros game da yanayin rashin tsaro da haɗari na yawon shakatawa na Vespa; ya kasa zaɓar ƙwararren mai ba da yawon shakatawa; cikin sakaci ya ba da labarin yawon shakatawa; ya kasa ba da kulawa da kulawa da kyau na yawon shakatawa; da sakaci aka zaba Florencetown Vespa a matsayin mai ba da yawon shakatawa; kasa bincika ayyuka da halayen mai bada ku; kuma ya ci gaba da sanya abokan ciniki tare da ma'aikatan Florencetown Vespa bayan da suka fahimci matsalolin da masu hawan keke da kuma cewa an gudanar da yawon shakatawa a kan titin da aka yi safarar su sosai ".

Aikin Wakilin Balaguro na Kulawa

"TripAdvisor da Viator suna jayayya cewa su ba wakilan balaguro bane don haka ba su da wani aikin kulawa ga Megan… wadanda ake tuhuma 'sun rike kansu a matsayin manyan hanyoyin bincike, ganowa da kuma tsara mafi kyawun abubuwan balaguron balaguro a duk duniya'.

Dokar Pennsylvania

“Dokar Pennsylvania ta sanya wasu wajibai na kulawa kan masu balaguron balaguro, wanda zai iya haɗawa da zabar masu ba da tafiye-tafiye masu dacewa da gudanar da bincike mai ma'ana na masu ba da tafiye-tafiyen da suka rubuta (suna ambaton Lyall v. Airtran Airlines, Inc., 109 F. Supp. 2d 365, 370) ED Pa. 2000) yana ambaton Slade v. Cheung & Risser Enter., Inc., 10 PA.D. & C. 3d 627 (CPCumb.Cty. 1979) (wakilin balaguron balaguro na iya zama abin dogaro ga siyar da masu yawon bude ido "Babban Tafkuna cruise a kan jirgin da aka kama saboda gazawar binciken tsaro… wakilin balaguro ya zaɓi jirgin ruwa daga cikin littafin tunani kuma bai yi wani bincike ba game da 'alhaki, kuɗi ko akasin haka, na jirgin ko layin jirgin ruwa'”); Touhey v Trans Nat'l Travel Inc., 47 Pa.D. & C. 3d 250 (CPPhila.Cty. 1983)(wakilin balaguron balaguro ya gaza bincikar wuraren da aka ba da shawarar a otal ɗin da har yanzu ake gini); Loretti v. Holiday Inns, Inc., 1986 WL 5339 (ED Pa. 1986) (An kai wa ɗan yawon buɗe ido hari yayin da suke tafiya a bakin teku kusa da otal ɗinta a Bahamas; "Wakilin tsakuwa yana da alhakin diski). rasa ingantaccen bayanin abu ga abokin cinikinsa”); McCartney v. Windsor, Inc., 1996 WL 65471 (ED Pa. 1996) (hadarin bas din yawon shakatawa a Ingila; wakilin balaguro na iya zama abin dogaro ga zaɓin sakaci na yawon shakatawa)).

The rarrabẽwa

"Korafe-korafen ya nuna cewa wadanda ake tuhuma suna mallaka da kuma gudanar da 'sabis na balaguro da yawon shakatawa' da kuma ba da 'yawon shakatawa na gefe a wurare daban-daban a fadin duniya ...'. Giampietros sun yarda cewa bisa shawarar Viator, sun yi ajiyar yawon shakatawa na Vespa a Florence, amma yawon shakatawa ba kamar yadda aka yi talla ba… Karɓar zarge-zargen gaskiya a cikin ƙarar su a matsayin gaskiya, Giampietros ya ba da wani yanki na hutun su a Italiya ta hanyar Viator, gami da marasa lafiya. -fated Vespa yawon shakatawa, kuma ya dogara da yanayin Viator na yawon shakatawa lokacin zabar shi… (Saboda haka korafin ya bayyana a) da'awar a bayyane don sauƙaƙewa Viator saboda keta aikin kulawa da yake bin Giampietros a matsayin wakilin balaguro ".

Marubucin, Justice Dickerson, ya kasance yana rubutu game da Dokar tafiye tafiye tsawon shekaru 39 gami da litattafan karatun sa na shekara-shekara, Law Travel, Law Journal Press (2015) da Litigating International Torts a Kotunan Amurka, Thomson Reuters WestLaw (2015), kuma sama da 350 na doka labarai. Don ƙarin labarai na dokar tafiye-tafiye da ci gaba, musamman a cikin membobin membobin EU, duba IFTTA.org.

Ba za a sake buga wannan labarin ba tare da izinin Thomas A. Dickerson ba.