Currans na Granada Hills sun kasance suna yin hutu na iyali a kan Las Vegas Strip tsawon shekaru. Ba su kusa wucewa ba kawai saboda kasuwancin Jeff Curran da ke siyar da kayan girki masu girma ya ragu sosai.
Amma wannan lokacin rani zai zama hutu na Vegas mai wayo.
Shekara guda da ta wuce sun yi asarar dala 100 kowanne don tikitin zuwa nunin rukunin Blue Man a Venetian. A wannan shekara, dangin mutane hudu - Jeff, 59, matarsa, Michele, 55, da ɗansu manya da 'yarsu - sun shiga cikin Mac King Comedy Magic Show a Harrah tare da rangwamen tikiti zuwa $10.
Jeff ya kasance yana kashe har zuwa $ 500 a tebur na blackjack; sabon iyakarsa shine $150 - akan injin din dinari da kwata.
"Ban taba ganin ramukan dinari sun cika da cunkoson jama'a ba," in ji Michele a watan Yuli yayin da dangin ke kara kusantowa.
Samfurin kasuwancin Strip na karni na 21, wanda zai shiga cikin samar da masu ba da kyauta masu ba da kyauta da ke neman dakunan otal masu daraja, farashin gidan abinci na taurari hudu da kuma nunin farashi mai tsada, ya ruguje saboda mummunan koma bayansa. a cikin shekarun da suka gabata.
Ikon Vegas na fuskantar koma bayan tattalin arziki ya sa ya zama hujjar koma bayan tattalin arziki. Babu kuma. Kashe-kashen da tabarbarewar tattalin arzikin da ta faro a bara ba kamar wani abu da wannan gari ya gani ba.
Yawon shakatawa ya ragu a shekara ta biyu a jere, kuma mutanen da ke zuwa ba sa kashewa tare da watsi da baya. A bara Jeff Curran ya ba dansa da 'yarsa kusan kyauta a kan gidan caca; a wannan shekara iyakar su na yau da kullun shine $25 kowanne.
A cikin 2007, shekara mafi girma, mutane miliyan 39.2 sun ziyarci. A bara mutane miliyan 37.5 sun zo garin. Jami'an yawon bude ido sun ce kasuwancin gunduma ya ragu da kusan kashi 27% daga shekara guda da ta wuce. Idan yanayin halin yanzu ya ci gaba, Vegas na iya karya ziyarta miliyan 35 a wannan shekara, matakin mafi ƙanƙanta tun 1999.
Ko da slump din ya sauƙaƙa, za a ji tasirinsa a nan gaba. The Strip - kusan mil hudu na Las Vegas Boulevard wanda ke fitar da fiye da rabin kudaden shiga na caca a Nevada - yana sake nazarin al'adun sa na kashe kuɗi da yawa kan sabon gini da niyya ga mafi arha ko mafi yawan abokan ciniki.
Farashin dakuna a kan Titin yana da rangwame sosai wanda manyan wuraren shakatawa za su sanya ku a yau akan farashi iri ɗaya wanda aka caje otal ɗin shekaru biyu da suka gabata.
A Encore, wanda Vegas impresario Steve Wynn ya buɗe a watan Disamba a matsayin faɗaɗa wurin shakatawa na Wynn, an ba wa wasu abokan ciniki damar kwana biyu a wannan bazarar kan $99. Ga wasu darare na wannan faɗuwar, ana ba da ƙimar talla kamar ƙasa da $90 a Bellagio, otal na farko na Strip inda ɗakuna na iya kaiwa $500 ko fiye.
Wasu daga cikin manyan gidajen cin abinci na gari sun ba da rabin rabo don (ba sosai) rabin farashi a lokutan jinkirin rana. Cirque du Soleil, dan wasan juggernaut na acrobatics wanda ya mamaye Strip tare da nunin nuni shida, ya yi wani abu da tsoffin masu sa ido na Vegas suka sami ƙarin tunani fiye da duk abin da yake gabatarwa a kan mataki: Yana buga kusan 40% kashe fakitin tikiti na biyu.
"Cirque bai taɓa yin rangwame ga kowa ba," in ji Anthony Curtis, mawallafin Las Vegas Advisor, jagorar mai ba da shawara ga ma'amala.
Curtis ya ce wuraren shakatawa da gidajen cin abinci na Strip sun fi son sanya takaddun rangwame a cikin jagorar sa. "A wannan shekarar ina shiga ta ƙofofin da ba a taɓa samun kofofin ba."
Kudin kuɗi
Shugabannin gidajen caca sun ce sun ga alamun cewa raguwar da aka samu a halin yanzu ta ragu, tare da adadin mazauna otal yana komawa zuwa kashi 90%. Amma babban rangwamen yana raguwa sosai zuwa ribar wuraren shakatawa.
Ba a yi la'akari da yiwuwar sake komawa baya kamar wanda ya faru bayan harin 11 ga Satumba.
Rossi T. Ralenkotter, babban jami'in gudanarwa na Hukumar Taro na Las Vegas ya ce: "Wannan ya bambanta saboda ba koma bayan tattalin arziki ba ne mai fuska daya."
A bayan fage-fagen motsa jiki a mafi girman buri sabon ci gaba na Strip, MGM Mirage's CityCenter, na iya samar da mafi kyawun kallon tabarbarewar kuɗi.
Babban aikin, wanda ke tsakanin MGM Mirage's Bellagio da Monte Carlo, an ƙera shi azaman birni a cikin birni na hasumiya mai lanƙwasa ƙarfe da gilashi.
A cikin 2006, kusa da kololuwar shaharar Strip, kamfanin ya ƙaddamar da yaƙin neman zaɓe na tallace-tallace tare da farashi na musamman don “abokai da dangi” - wato, ma'aikatan MGM Mirage da manyan abokan ciniki.
A cikin shekara mai zuwa, MGM ta ɗauki kashi 20% na ajiya akan kusan rabin wuraren zama na kusan 2,400 a cikin gine-ginen gidaje guda uku da otal-otal, wasu farashinsu ya kai dala miliyan tara.
Masu saye sun ce kasuwar Las Vegas na yanzu bazai goyi bayan kimar fiye da $400 a kowace ƙafar murabba'in kan raka'a da aka sayar da su a $1,000 a kowace ƙafar murabba'in. A ƙarƙashin waɗannan sharuɗɗan, masu siye ba za su iya samun jinginar gidaje a cikakken farashin tallace-tallace ba.
"Wasu mutane za su yi tafiya," in ji Mark Connot, lauyan Las Vegas da ke wakiltar masu saye da yawa.
A karkashin dokar Nevada, MGM na iya adana adibas har zuwa kashi 15% na farashin kwangila, ko fiye da dala miliyan 262 na dala miliyan 350 na adibas kamfanin ya ce ya karba a kan 1,336 CityCenter condos a tsakiyar shekara, tare da ƙarin raka'a 1,100 a kasuwa.
Har zuwa kwanan nan, masu siye sun ce, MGM ta tsaya tsayin daka kan ko da ra'ayin sake tattaunawa. Yanzu kamfanin ya nuna alamun koma baya daga kimantawa na asali.
Babban jami'in MGM Mirage James J. Murren ya ce kamfanin ya san kima ya ragu sosai tun lokacin "fararen zafi" kafin koma bayan tattalin arziki. Amma Murren, shi kansa mai siyan rukunin CityCenter guda biyu, ya kara da cewa ya yi imanin cewa kasuwar na iya zama “ta daidaita, kodayake har yanzu tana da wahala,” kuma tana shirin murmurewa. "Muna jin lokaci shine abokinmu," in ji shi.
Hanyoyi sun yi yawa
A yanzu, ƙalubalen Las Vegas suna da girma.
tarurruka na kamfanoni da tarurruka - babban direba na ci gaban Strip - sun dauki nauyin almubazzaranci mai ban tsoro a cikin lokacin dage bel. Bai taimaka ba lokacin da Shugaba Obama ya nuna yatsa ga cibiyoyin hada-hadar kudi da suka tsara manyan barace-barace duk da karbar kudaden ceto na tarayya.
"Ya yi amfani da Las Vegas a matsayin misali na kashe kuɗi," in ji ɗan gidan caca Steve Wynn a wani taron saka hannun jari a watan Afrilu. Ya kasance mai hankali ne daga sokewar Wells Fargo & Co. na wani taron karrama ma'aikata a wuraren shakatawa nasa, wanda ya ce ya jawo wa kamfaninsa kudaden shiga dala miliyan 8.
Obama ya yi gyara, dan kadan, ta bayyana a Las Vegas a wani taron bayar da tallafi na watan Mayu ga shugaban masu rinjaye na Majalisar Dattawa Harry Reid, dan Democrat na Nevada (da kuma ta kwana a fadar Caesars a kan Strip).
Amma tare da littattafan al'ada har yanzu suna raguwa, zafi yana daɗe.
Ba wai kawai tabarbarewar tattalin arziƙin ta yi yawa kuma ta yi tsanani fiye da na baya ba, amma garin yana da yawa a cikin hatsari. A cikin 2001, Las Vegas yana da dakunan otal 125,000 don cika; a karshen shekara ta 2008 adadin ya kasance 141,000. An kuma shirya bude wasu karin 16,000 nan da shekaru biyu masu zuwa.
A matsayin babban yatsan yatsa, ana buƙatar karuwar sabbin baƙi 200,000 a kowace shekara don cika kowane sabbin ɗakuna 1,000 - ma'ana cewa sabbin baƙi miliyan 3.2 za su zo garin don ɗaukar sabon ginin.
Rashin juyar da wannan yanayin zai rushe ɗaya daga cikin labaran imani na garin: sabbin, glitzier Properties koyaushe suna haifar da yawon shakatawa don cika su.
An gudanar da wannan axiom tun lokacin da Wynn ya buɗe Mirage mai ɗaki 3,000 a cikin 1989. Mutane da yawa sun yi shakkar dukiyarsa mai sheki zata iya isa ya biya bashin ta. Maimakon haka nasara ce mai ruri. Guguwar wuraren shakatawa masu jigo ta biyo baya.
Akwai Kirk Kerkorian's MGM Grand a cikin 1993; Bellagio na Wynn, yana tashi daga rugujewar dunes a 1998; dan Venetian, yana buɗewa a shafin Sheldon Adelson's da aka rushe Sands a 1999.
A wannan shekarar Circus Circus Enterprises, wanda ya mallaki gidan caca na Circus Circus, ya buɗe babban filin Mandalay Bay ga irin wannan yabo cewa kamfanin ya canza suna zuwa Mandalay Resort Group. (MGM Mirage ne ya samo shi daga baya, wanda aka kafa lokacin da Kerkorian's MGM Grand ya karɓi Wynn's Mirage Resorts.)
Taken tallace-tallacen abokantaka na dangi a cikin 1990s ya nuna rashin lafiya (iyaye sun zama masu kashe kuɗi), kuma 9/11 wani ɗan gajeren lokaci ne. Duk da haka, Strip ya fara mafi girma shekaru goma.
Kuma a tsakiyar 2000s an ga sabon zagayowar, ko da ya fi na ƙarshe, a cikin wasan.
Wynn, ya sake dawowa daga asararsa na Mirage Resorts, ya kafa Wynn Resorts Ltd. kuma ya bude Wynn Las Vegas a 2005. Ian Bruce Eichner, mai haɓaka gidaje daga New York, ya ƙaddamar da 2,250-raka'a Cosmopolitan. Tsohon shugaban gidan caca Glenn Schaeffer ya yi haɗin gwiwa tare da mai haɓaka gidan kwana Jeffrey Soffer don ƙaddamar da Fontainebleau mai daki 3,815 akan iyakar arewa mai nisa.
Sai kidan ya tsaya.
Defaults, kararraki
Eichner ya gaza kan lamunin gini a cikin Janairu 2008 kuma ya rasa aikin ga babban mai ba da lamuni, Deutsche Bank. Gina kan Fontainebleau, kashi 70% an kammala, akasari an dakatar da shi a watan Afrilun wannan shekara; ta kare ne a shari’a da masu ba da lamuni, wadanda ke zargin rashin gudanar da aiki da kuma tsadar kayayyaki. A watan Yuni Fontainebleau ya shigar da karar kariya ta fatarar kudi.
CityCenter ya zama batun karar da abokin ci gaban MGM, gwamnatin Dubai ya shigar; wanda aka daidaita a wannan shekara tare da sake gyara kuɗaɗe wanda ya ba da damar aikin ya ci gaba zuwa wani lokaci mai buɗewa daga farkon Disamba.
Mafi kyawun kwatancin rigimar da ke tsakanin babban tsammanin da kuma matsananciyar gaskiyar tattalin arziki shine yanki mai girman eka 88 a fadin Wynn Las Vegas, wani faffadan sharar yashi mai dauke da tsatsawar karfe. Wannan shine wurin Echelon, wanda aka ƙaddamar a matsayin wurin shakatawa na dala biliyan 4 ta Boyd Gaming Corp.
Boyd ya sanya sunansa a matsayin mai ƙananan gidajen caca da ke ba da abinci ga mazauna yankin Las Vegas, da kuma jerin otal-otal na cikin gari waɗanda aka sayar da su ga masu yawon bude ido na Hawaii. Ya mallaki kadarori 10 a cikin yankin Las Vegas a cikin 2006 lokacin da ya sanar da Echelon, ƙoƙarin haɓaka bayanin martabarsa tare da "gaskiya mai mahimmanci" akan Strip.
Boyd ya samu kuma ya hargitsa otal din Stardust. A lokacin da aka fara aikin Echelon a watan Yunin 2007, aikin ya fadada zuwa hadaddun otal-otal guda hudu da suka hada da dakuna 5,300, wurin taron tarurruka, gidajen wasan kwaikwayo biyu da kuma kantin sayar da alatu. Sabon farashinsa na dala biliyan 4.8 ya sanya shi aiki na biyu mafi tsada a kan Strip, bayan dala biliyan 8.4 na CityCenter.
Bayan shekara guda, bayan zuba jarin dala miliyan 700 a aikin, Boyd ya rufe shi. A lokacin, kamfanin ya ambaci "yanayin tattalin arziki" da kuma daskarewar bashi, amma ko da yake duka biyu sun fara daidaitawa, bai sake yin la'akari da shawararsa ba.
"Muna ci gaba da duba aikin, kuma ba mu ga wata hanya ta sake farawa ba," in ji Babban Jami'in Boyd Keith Smith a cikin wata hira. "Muna ɗaukar sauran 2009 don nazarin zaɓuɓɓukanmu."
Kasuwanci mai ban mamaki
A halin yanzu, rage-rage farashin ya kasance kalmar kallo akan Tashar. Wynn Resorts ya sami kudaden shiga a Las Vegas na dala miliyan 291.3 a farkon kwata na wannan shekara, gashi ne kawai a gaban dala miliyan 287.2 a daidai wannan lokacin na 2008, duk da ninka kayan dakinsa ta hanyar bude Encore mai daki 2,034 a watan Disamba.
Wynn ya ba da rahoton cewa rangwamen ya rage matsakaicin kudaden shiga a kowane daki zuwa $194 a farkon rabin wannan shekara, daga $289 a shekara da ta gabata - duk da cewa yawan tallan da yake yi bai taimaka wajen zama gaba daya ba, wanda ya fadi zuwa 88% daga 96.2%.
Wasu ƙwararrun masana'antar caca suna tsoron cewa ci gaba da rangwame mai nauyi zai dusashe aura na Vegas na dogon lokaci.
"Dole ne ku sauke farashin ku, amma ba ku so ku ƙirƙiri ma'ana cewa wannan ƙwarewar ragi ce ko kuma ƙwarewar kanta ta ragu," in ji Billy Vassiliadis, babban jami'in R&R Partners, jama'ar Las Vegas. Kamfanin dangantaka wanda ya haifar da sanannen "Abin da ke faruwa a nan, ya tsaya a nan" yakin tallace-tallace. "Abin da ke damun shi ne na gaske."
Wani abin damuwa shi ne cewa mafarautan ciniki da aka ruguza su zuwa Ramin ta hanyar dakunan yankan ƙila ba za su kasance cikin ɓangaren kasuwa ba wanda tsarin kasuwancinsa - ƙayyadaddun masauki masu tsada, cin abinci mai daɗi da nishaɗi - ya dogara. Maimakon cin abinci a babban gidan abinci na Wolfgang Puck na otal, alal misali, suna iya yin tsalle a kan titi don cin abinci mai sauri.
A gefe mai haske
Duk da haka, yana da wuya a sami babban jami'in gidan caca a Las Vegas wanda ba ya da kyakkyawan fata game da makomar al'ummar wurin shakatawa.
Hukuncinsu shi ne, ko da yake Las Vegas na iya yin kisa fiye da yadda aka yi a baya, amma ta koyi shiga cikin wani sashe na yanayin ɗan adam wanda ko dogon koma bayan tattalin arziki mai zurfi ba zai iya kawar da shi ba.
"Jama'a za su ci gaba da dabi'un da suka yi na tsawon shekaru dari," Wynn ya annabta a taron zuba jari na duniya na Cibiyar Milken a watan Afrilu. "Las Vegas zai kasance a can. Zai murmure da sauri fiye da tunanin mutane. Kowa zai zama ɗan wayo. Za su yi imani da almara haƙori kaɗan kaɗan. Kuma kowa zai yi farin ciki da shi. "
