Baƙi a Otal din Seasons Hudu da rauni ta hanyar farfasa ƙofar gidan wanka na gilashi

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Baƙi a Otal din Seasons Hudu da rauni ta hanyar farfasa ƙofar gidan wanka na gilashi

A cikin labarin na wannan makon, mun yi nazari kan shari’ar Parker v. Four Seasons Hotels, Limited, 845 F. 3d 807 (7th Cir. 2017) inda “Diane Parker ta ji rauni a lokacin da wata kofar gilashin da ke zamewa a bandakin otal din ta Four Seasons Hotel. dakin ya watse. Otal din ya amince da sakaci kuma wani alkali ya ba Parker $20,000 a matsayin diyya, wanda aka rage zuwa dala 12,000 bayan da aka ba da kudirin tashi. Kotun gundumar ta ki amincewa da bukatar Parker na gabatar da tambayar diyya ga alkalai, inda ta gano shaidarta ba ta isa ba a matsayin doka. Mun koma baya kuma mun ba da umarnin ci gaba da shari'a kan tambayar diyya." Dubi labarin mu na farko kan ɓarna abubuwan hutu: Dickerson, Rage Hutu: Lokacin da masu yawon bude ido suka ji rauni ta hanyar farfasa kofofin gilashi da tagogi, Labaran Masana'antar Balaguro ta Duniya ETN (11/26/2014).

Ma'aikatan Otal: Boyewar Wadanda Aka Cire

A cikin Ma'aikatan Otal, Zarge-zargen Weinstein ya ba da haske kan cin zarafi, nytimes (12/17/2017) an lura cewa "A wani babban otal mai katanga a nan tare da manyan kwastomomi, wani ma'aikacin gida yana juya zanen gado don baƙo na VIP wata rana da yamma. lokacin da ta ce bakon ya ba ta kudin tausa. Ta k'i ta gayawa wani supervisor. Duk da haka, washegari, ta ce ta koma ta share ɗakin kwana guda, inda ta sami buɗaɗɗen jaka da kuɗi a ciki…Otal ɗin, Peninsula Beverly Hills, ya ja hankalin fiye da da'irar abokantaka masu kyau tun daga 'yan wasan kwaikwayo da yawa. ciki har da Ashley Judd da Gwyneth Paltrow, sun zargi Harvey Weinstein da yin amfani da murfin tarurrukan aiki a wurin wajen cin zarafinsu. Ga ma'aikatan Peninsula da sauran otal, waɗannan zarge-zargen suna nuni da cin zarafi da mata ke jurewa su kaɗai a cikin suites a kowane lokaci. Babu wata shaida da Mista Weinstein ya ci zarafin ma'aikatan otal. Amma ma’aikatan sun ce otal-otal kan sanya hankali da nuna girmamawa ga abokan ciniki masu karfi kafin jin dadin matan da ke aiki a wurin, da'awar da ke ci gaba da mamaye masana'antar karkashin matsin lamba don kare ma'aikata. "

Guguwar Puerto Rico ta Mutu

A cikin Mazzei, Puerto Rico Oda Bita da kuma sake kirga Mutuwar Guguwar, nytimes (12/18/2017) an lura da cewa "Gabatar da shaidu masu tasowa cewa Puerto Rico ta ƙididdige adadin mutanen da suka mutu saboda guguwar Maria, Gwamna Ricardo A. Rossello ya ba da umarnin a ranar Litinin cewa a sake duba duk mutumin da ya mutu a tsibirin tun lokacin bala'in guguwar. Jami'ai za su sake duba duk mace-macen da ake dangantawa da dalilai na asali… Tsawon tsawaita baƙar fata ya kawo cikas ga jiyya ga wasu marasa lafiya a tsibirin ciki har da da yawa waɗanda ke kwance ko kuma sun dogara da dialysis ko na numfashi.

Rashin Wutar Lantarki Filin Jirgin Sama na Atlanta

A Barnes & Fortin, Rashin Wutar Lantarki a Filin Jirgin Sama na Atlanta Snarls Air Traffic Nationwide, nytimes (12/17/2017) an lura da cewa "Rashin wutar lantarki a Hartsfield-Jackson Atlanta International Airport a ranar Lahadi ya rushe ayyuka a filin jirgin sama mafi yawan jama'a a duniya. wanda ya tilasta soke tashi da saukar jirage sama da 1,150 da kuma makalewar jirage a kan kwalta na sa'o'i, hukumomi da fasinjojin sun ce. Rashin wutar lantarki a filin tashi da saukar jiragen sama, babban cibiyar zirga-zirgar jiragen sama na cikin gida da na kasa da kasa, ya haifar da tarzoma a duk fadin kasar, wanda ya shafi zirga-zirgar jiragen sama a Chicago, Los Angeles da sauran wurare”.

Rashin Jirgin Jirgin Amtrak

A Chosshi, Jirgin Jirgin Amtrak ya Bar Mutane da yawa Mutuwa a Jihar Washington, nytimes (12/18/2017) an lura cewa "An kashe mutane da yawa bayan jirgin Amtrak da suke tafiya a kan hanya a jihar Washington a safiyar Litinin, a cewar mazauna yankin. hukumomi. Akalla mota daya aka bari tana rataye a kan wata babbar hanya daga kan titin wuce gona da iri, wata kuma ta juye juye a kan titin da ke kasa…Motoci da manyan motoci da ke kan babbar titin jirgin ya yi taho mu gama da wadanda ke cikin jirgin ne kawai. 501, yana dauke da fasinjoji kusan 78 da ma’aikatan jirgin biyar”.

Train Balaraben Tafiya A Indiya

A cikin balaguron balaguron jirgin ƙasa yayin da laifuka ke tsalle da kashi 34%, Travelwirenews(12/10/2017) an lura da cewa "Tafiya ta jirgin ƙasa yana ƙara yin haɗari a rana yayin da laifuffuka a ƙarƙashin Code Penal Code (IPC) suka shaida karuwar sama da 34% shekara biyu kamar yadda rahoton hukumar yaki da laifuka ta kasa (NCRB) na shekarar 2016 ya nuna cewa laifukan IPC da suka hada da kisan kai, fyade, tarzoma, garkuwa da mutane da fashi da makami da dai sauransu da hukumar ‘yan sandan jirgin kasa (GRP) ta yi wa rijista a shekarar 2016 ya kai 42,388 idan aka kwatanta da 39,239 a cikin 2015 da 31,609 a cikin 2014 ″.

Uber Don Shirya Matsalar Fyade

A Wattles, Uber ta matsa don sasanta karar da aka yi wa fyade, money.cnn (12/9/2017) An lura cewa Uber ta amince da sasantawa da wata mata da ta kai karar kamfanin kan yadda ta aikata bayan wani direban Uber ya yi mata fyade. a Indiya. Ta yi iƙirarin cewa shugabannin zartarwa a can sun sami bayanan likitanta na sirri bayan fyaden 2014. Baya ga ikirarin mamaye bayanan sirri, Jane Doe ta yi zargin shugabannin Uber sun bata mata suna ta hanyar ba da shawarar cewa fyaden nata na iya zama yunƙuri na lalata Uber da abokin takararta na Indiya, Ola ya shirya.

Ingancin Abinci na Jirgin

A cikin ingancin abinci na Airline: Delta mafi lafiya da Hawaiian Airlines mafi muni a Amurka, Travelwirenews (12/10/2017) an lura da cewa "Delta shine jagora mai haske a cikin manyan dillalai kuma yana da alaƙa da Virgin America a wannan shekara a matsayin jirgin sama mafi lafiya. . Mafi munin abincin jirgin sama idan ya zo da lafiya a kan Jirgin Saman Hawaii da United Airlines. ”

Yaƙin The Super Trains

A Zaleski, Masu haɓakawa suna ba da gudummawar manyan ayyuka na biliyoyin daloli daban-daban tsakanin Washington, DC da Baltimore. Shin fantasy ne, ko mai canza wasa?, msn (12/16/2017) an lura cewa "Wani kamfani mai zaman kansa mai suna Baltimore Washington Rapid-Rail ya bayyana hanyoyi guda uku masu yuwuwa wanda kamfanin zai so a yi amfani da shi don gina magnetic-levitation. layin dogo. BWRR tana kan shigo da fasahar maglev na kasar Japan mai karfin gaske don samar da jirgin kasa mai karfin kilomita 300 wanda ta ce zai iya takaita tafiyar tsakanin biranen biyu zuwa mintuna 15 kacal. Tambarin farashin da aka kiyasta? Biliyan 10…(Shawara ta biyu daga Elon Musk ita ce ta tono) rami biyu mai tsawon mil 35 tsakanin Baltimore da Washington, DC, wanda zai iya shigar da hyperloop - isar da haske mai haske wanda zai iya fashewa a cikin fasinjoji. capsules da aka matse a cikin injin daskarewa sama da 600 mph”, Kasance da mu.

Babu Mooning Temple, Don Allah

A cikin Temple-mooning California duo duo da aka saki, blacklist, Travelwirenews (12/10/2017) an lura cewa "Daya daga cikin abubuwan farko da Amurkawa marasa mutunci suka yi bayan an ce an janye tuhumar da ake yi musu shi ne sake bude asusun Instagram wanda ya kai su. cikin wahala. A bayyane yake ba su tuba ba ma'auratan da ke California waɗanda suka walƙiya gindinsu a gidajen ibada guda biyu kuma suka sanya hotunan kan layi an kori su daga Thailand. "

Champaign Tantrum Kudinsa E5,000

A cikin jirgin saman Champagne Tantrum na mata ya yi saukar gaggawa, Travelwirenews (12/10/2017) an lura da cewa "Jirgin fasinja da ya nufi Zurich ya tsaya ba zato ba tsammani a Stuttgart, bayan wata mata fasinja ta fito lokacin da ma'aikatanta suka ki yi mata hidima. 'Yan sanda sun ce 'yar kasar Switzerland mai shekaru 44, wacce ke tashi a matakin farko daga Moscow, ta nemi a zuba ruwan inabi mai kyalli sau da yawa kuma an hana ta. Daga karshe ta zage ta fara takawa sama da kasa jirgin sama kafin ta ja wani ma'aikacin jirgin a wuyan hannu. Don gudun kada lamarin ya zube, matukin jirgin ya yanke shawarar tsayawa na gaggawa a filin jirgin sama na Stuttgart, inda ‘yan sanda suka raka matar daga cikin jirgin kuma suka umarce ta da ta biya tarar E5,000 ($5,871). Mai kishirwa mai kishirwa na iya fuskantar biyan dubun dubatan kudade sakamakon tsayawar da ba a yi tsammani ba”. nanytimes

Guguwar Kai-Tak ta kashe mutane 30

A cikin yanayi mai zafi da iska mai zafi ya kashe mutane 30, kuma kusan 90,000 sun gudu zuwa mafaka a Philippines, a nytimes (12/17/2017) an lura cewa "Fiye da mutane 30 ne suka mutu, wasu da yawa kuma sun bace bayan guguwar da ke tafiya a hankali ta haifar da ambaliya zabtarewar kasa a tsakiyar kasar Philippines, jami'ai sun ce a ranar Lahadi. Dubban matafiya na bukukuwan Kirismeti sun makale, kuma mutane 89,000 aka tilastawa tserewa zuwa matsugunan gaggawa saboda guguwar Kai-Tak mai zafi”.

Rashin Bayyana Dokokin Saudiyya

Kamfanin dillancin labaran iqna ya habarta cewa, ya nakalto daga shafin sadarwa na yanar gizo na Travelwirenews cewa, “Bengaluru: Wani taron masu saye da sayarwa a birnin ya jawo kamfanin MakeMyTrip da Oman Air na kan layi saboda gaza sanar da wata uwa da ‘yarsa. Mata ba za su iya zuwa Saudiya ba tare da abokin tarayya ba, yayin da suke yin tikitin zuwa yankin yammacin Asiya… Da yake rike da kamfani da kamfanin jirgin sama da laifin cin hanci da rashawa da rashin aikin yi, kungiyar ta umurce su da su mayar da kudin da matan suka biya. dole ne su fitar da kudin tafiyar da suka sake yi sannan su biya Rs 12 a matsayin diyya na haifar da bacin rai ga matafiya”. Dubi Dickerson, Dokar Balaguro, Latsa Jarida na Shari'a, Sashe na 10-2017 (5,000) kan ayyuka da wajibai na masu gudanar da balaguro da wakilan balaguro don isar da bayanan da ake buƙata game da ƙasar da za a nufa ga matafiya.

Hukuncin Dokar Balaguro Na Mako

A cikin shari'ar Parker Kotun ta lura cewa: Mun juya ga gaskiyar, wanda za mu sauƙaƙa don mai da hankali kan batun da ke hannun. Parker da 'yar uwarta, Cindy Schiavon, sun duba cikin Seasons Hudu a ranar 27 ga Afrilu, 2007, suna neman dakunan da ke kusa. Bayan ɗan jinkiri a teburin, an sanya Parker ɗakin 3627 kuma an ba 'yar'uwarta dakin da ke kusa. A dakin Parker, wata kofar gilas mai zamiya ta raba wurin shawa da wurin banza. A ranar bayan shiga, Parker ya yi wanka kuma ya yi ƙoƙarin fita daga wurin shawa ta buɗe ƙofar gilashi. Tana lallaba kofar, sai ta fashe ba zato ba tsammani, ruwan gilasai na zubo mata a tsiraicinta wanda hakan ya jawo mata rauni. 'Yar'uwar Parker ta kira taimako daga gaban tebur".

Matsakanin Waƙoƙin Sama

Jim kadan bayan haka, Joseph Gartin, injiniyan otal din, ya zo domin ya binciki lamarin. A cewar takardar shaidar Schiavon, Gartin: nan da nan ya kalli hanyar da ke sama ya ce, 'Da alama mai tsayawa ya sake komawa'…Ya bayyana cewa kwanan nan an yi gyare-gyare a otal din kuma 'gungun' sabbin kofofin gilashin da aka saka sun fashe. saboda masu tsayar da titin ba sa aiki yadda ya kamata. Hakan ya ba da damar hannayen kofa su fado cikin bangon kuma ya haifar da fashewar kofofin gilashin. Wannan ɗaya ne daga cikin dakunan da ke cikin jerin 'kada a siyar'. Kuna iya son duba naku. Da karɓar shawarar Gartin, Schiavon ta duba ƙofar da ke zamewa a cikin banɗakinta a ɗakin da ke kusa kuma ta gano cewa tana fama da lahani iri ɗaya.

Fargabar Fargawar Da Ta Gabata

“Parker ta kuma gano wasu shaidun da ke nuna cewa kofar da ke cikin dakinta ta ruguje kafin lamarin da ya jawo mata rauni. Kuma cewa an canza kofa. Wani imel na Oktoba na 2007 tsakanin ƴan kwangilar ɓangare na uku da ke aiki akan al'amuran fashewar kofa ya nuna cewa ɗakuna da yawa da aka saita su kamar yadda ɗakin Parker ke da batutuwa iri ɗaya:

Imel din

'Bob- Anan akwai sabuntawa daga Kwangilar Kwangila & Bayarwa akan ƙofofin shawa a lokutan Hudu. CMS ya shigar da kofofin baho 150, kofofin shawa 136 da kofofin sito 136 a yayin gyaran. Mun sami hutun ƙofar shawa ɗaya (ɗaki 4401) da ƙofofin gilashi masu zamiya guda biyar (ɗakuna 3427, 3527 sau biyu, da 4419). An gano musabbabin karyewar kofar shawan, kuma an duba dukkan kofofin shawan don tabbatar da cewa ba a kara samun wata matsala ba. Tun da dakunan X27 suna wakiltar kashi 80% na gazawar ƙofar sito an bincika waɗannan ɗakunan don gano sun bambanta a cikin waɗannan ɗakunan da wataƙila sun haifar da matsalolin. Tsarin bango mai kauri a cikin wannan ɗakin yana barin ƙarancin izini ga ƙofar… kuma juriyar haƙuri na iya ba da gudummawa ga karyewar saboda ƙofar na iya karkata har zuwa ½” idan wani ya ja ƙofar yayin aiki da shi wanda zai ba da damar kusurwar gilashin. buga dutsen. CMS yana aiki… don ƙara kariya ta kusurwa zuwa gilashin don kare sasanninta a cikin yanayin tasiri kuma CMS kuma yana binciken ci gaba da jagorar ƙasa wanda otal ɗin ya ba da shawarar”.

Otal Ya Amince da Sakaci

"Otal din ya amince da sakaci, don haka kawai batun shari'a shine diyya, amma Four Seasons ya hana Parked gabatar da batun hukuncin diyya a gaban alkali, tana mai cewa shaidarta ba ta isa a matsayin doka ba don gabatar da wannan da'awar ga mai shari'a. juri. Kotun gundumar ta amince, kuma bayan shari'a, Parker ya dawo da $20,000 a matsayin diyya wanda aka rage zuwa $ 12,000 bayan tashi. Parker ya roki."

Ayyukan Masu Dukiya

"A karkashin dokar Illinois, masu mallakar kadarorin suna bin wadanda suka gayyata wani aikin kula da wuraren a cikin wani yanayi mai aminci… A cikin aikin abin alhaki, mai gabatar da kara yana da nauyin tabbatarwa: (1) kasancewar yanayin da ke gabatar da hadarin da bai dace ba. cutar da mutanen da ke cikin harabar; (2) cewa waɗanda ake tuhuma sun sani, ko kuma ya kamata su sani, cewa yanayin yana haifar da haɗari marar ma'ana na cutarwa; (3) cewa ya kamata waɗanda ake tuhuma su yi tsammanin cewa mutane a cikin harabar ba za su iya gano ko gane haɗarin ba ko kuma sun kasa kare kansu daga gare ta; (4) yin sakaci ko ƙetare daga ɓangaren waɗanda ake tuhuma; (5) raunin da masu gabatar da kara suka samu da kuma (6) cewa yanayin kadarorin shine makusancin abin da ya faru ga mai kara”.

Lalacewar Azaba

"A karkashin dokar Illinois, za a iya ba da ladaran hukunci ko abin koyi lokacin da aka aikata laifuka tare da zamba, ainihin mugunta, tashin hankali ko zalunci, ko lokacin da wanda ake tuhuma ya aikata da gangan, ko kuma tare da irin wannan sakaci mai tsanani don nuna rashin kula da haƙƙin mallaka. Wasu'…Ko da yake Parker ta yi ikirarin cewa otal din ta yi zamba ne a lokacin da ta kasa yin gargadi a lokacin da aka shiga dakinta cewa dakinta na dauke da wani yanayi mai hadari, kamar kotun gundumar mun yanke cewa Parker ba ta gabatar da wata shaida ta zamba ko kuma niyyar cutar da ita da gangan ba. .

Babban Sakaci

“Maimakon tambayar ita ce shin ko halin da otal din ya yi ya kasance da sakaci sosai ‘domin nuna rashin kula da haƙƙin wasu… nan gaba. Kotunan Illinois sun bambanta sakaci daga halin ganganci da son rai…Kotu daya ta bayyana son rai da halin son rai a matsayin '' matasan tsakanin ayyukan da ake dauka a matsayin sakaci da ganganci'… Sakacin da ba ya ba da hujjar ladabtarwa ya hada da '' rashin sani, kuskure, kurakurai na hukunci da kamar haka'…Amma ana iya bayar da diyya a cikin shari'o'in da suka shafi 'rashin ko in kula ga haƙƙin wasu' ko kuma ɗabi'ar da ta dace da girman laifin ɗabi'a da ke tattare da cutar da gangan, inda wanda ake tuhuma ya yi wa wani mummunan lahani ga wani cikin sani. rashin kula da wannan kasadar”.

Shaida Na Niyya & Ƙaunar Ƙaunar

"Da waɗancan ƙa'idodin a zuciya, mun juya ga shaidar Parker na ganganci da rashin mutunci a nan. Shaidar Schiavon da imel daga dan kwangilar da ke aiki a kan al'amuran ƙofa sune mafi kyawun shaidar Parker cewa otal ɗin ya san akwai matsala mai tsanani tare da ƙofofin zamewa a lokacin da aka yi hayar ɗakin zuwa Parker. Parker ya samu shigar injiniyan otal din cewa mai tsayawa ya sake matsawa, cewa 'bunch' na sabbin kofofin zamiya sun fashe saboda masu tsayawar titin da ke kan titin ba sa aiki yadda ya kamata, ga kofofin suna fada cikin bangon da kuma fashewa. fashewa da kuma cewa dakunan da matsalar ta shafa an sanya su cikin jerin 'kada a siyar'…Ta kuma sami imel ɗin da ke nuna cewa kofofin da yawa sun karye ta irin wannan hanyar kuma ƙofar gilashin da ke cikin ɗakinta a baya ta fashe kuma an maye gurbinta. ".

Kammalawa

"Gabatar da wannan shaida a cikin yardar Parker, zai yi kyau a fahimci cewa Hudu Seasons sun san cewa akwai matsala kuma ƙofofin gilashin gabaɗaya, cewa ƙofar ɗakin Parker ta farfashe a baya kuma akwai matsala tare da mai tsayawa wanda ya ba da izini. Hannun kofar ya hadu da bangon, wanda hakan ya haifar da rugujewar kofar gilashin. Har ila yau, yana da kyau a gane cewa otal ɗin ya san cewa ba a gyara matsalar ba har zuwa lokacin da Parker ya duba cikin ɗakin, kuma an cire ɗakin daga sabis don wannan dalili kuma an sanya shi a kan 'kada ku. sale' list. Duk da haka otal ɗin ya yi hayar ɗakin ta wata hanya… Rauni ya fi yadda za a iya gani lokacin da otal ya sanya a cikin wurin shawa kofa ta gilashin da ke saurin fashewa a yau da kullun…. da'awar juri. Don haka mun dage shari’ar don ci gaba da shari’ar a kan batun diyya.”

Tom Dickerson

Marubucin, Thomas A. Dickerson, mai ritaya ne na Mataimakin Shari'a na Sashin daukaka kara, Sashe na biyu na Kotun Koli ta Jihar New York kuma ya yi rubutu game da Dokar Balaguro na tsawon shekaru 41 gami da littattafan shari'ar da yake sabuntawa duk shekara, Dokar Tafiya, Law Journal Press (2016), Litigating Torts International a Kotunan Amurka, Thomson Reuters WestLaw (2016), Ayyuka na Aji: Dokar 50 ta Amurka, Law Journal Press (2016) da sama da labaran doka 400 da yawa daga cikinsu ana samunsu a nycourts.gov/courts/ 9jd / mai karɓar haraji.shtml. Don ƙarin labarai na dokar tafiye-tafiye da ci gaba, musamman, a cikin membobin EU na EU duba IFTTA.org

Ba za a sake buga wannan labarin ba tare da izinin Thomas A. Dickerson ba.

Karanta da yawa daga Labarin Justice Dickerson anan.

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