Masu ceton tattalin arzikin Masar sun hada da yawon bude ido da mashigin Suez Canal

Makonni biyu da suka gabata, Shugaban Hukumar Suez Canal, filin Marshal Ahmed Aly Fadel ya yi kira ga ’yan jarida da dama a hedkwatarsa ​​da ke Ismailiya a zauren taro na Cibiyar Bincike don sanar da muhimman shawarwari da suka shafi manufofin shekara ta 2009 a Suez Canal.

An kammala biyan kuɗin da aka biya na 2009, duk da haka a makare, saboda rashin tabbas a cikin masana'antar sufurin jiragen ruwa da ke haifar da fashin teku da kuma rikicin kudi na duniya. Sanarwa, wanda ya kamata a yi a watan Disamba, an jinkirta shi saboda "manyan sauyi a kasuwar jigilar kayayyaki da kasuwancin duniya," in ji Fadel.

Kaɗan kaɗan ne za su sani, bin kusa da na biyu ga ingantacciyar masana'antar yawon buɗe ido ta Masar yayin da masu samun kuɗin waje shine Suez Canal, babban injin tattalin arzikin ƙasar. Kasancewa muhimmiyar mashigar ruwa mai haɗa cibiyoyin kasuwanci na Bahar Rum zuwa sauran ƙasashen duniya, Masar ta ratsa mashigin Suez - hanya mafi kai tsaye tsakanin Turai/Yamma da China. Suez yana sanya tsarin tashar jiragen ruwa na ƙasa mahimmanci ga hanyoyin rayuwa na kasuwanci da dabaru.

Tunanin haɗa Bahar Rum da Bahar Maliya ya fara faruwa ne a zamanin Fir'auna. Fir'auna sun kasance majagaba a wannan fanni, yayin da suke haƙa magudanar ruwa da ke haɗa tekuna biyu ta gabashin reshen Kogin Nilu. Daga baya, an yi watsi da magudanar ruwa har sai Girkawa, sannan Romawa suka haƙa shi sau da yawa; duk da haka, an sake yin watsi da magudanar ruwa.

A lokacin da Larabawa suka mamaye Masar, an sake hako Suez. Ya ci gaba da wanzuwa tsawon shekaru masu yawa amma daga baya ya cika. A lokacin yakin Faransa na 1798, Napoleon Bonaparte ya yi tunanin haɗa tekuna biyu kai tsaye ta hanyar magudanar ruwa, amma injiniyoyin ba su goyi bayan ra'ayin cewa lallai matakin Tekun Bahar Maliya ya kai mita tara fiye da na Bahar Rum.

A ranar 30 ga Nuwamba, 1854, injiniyan Faransa Ferdinand De-lesseps ya yi nasarar rattaba hannu kan wata yarjejeniya tare da gwamnatin Masar don haƙa mashigar ruwa ta Suez a karo na ƙarshe. Ranar 25 ga Afrilu, 1859, an fara tono tashar tashar kuma ta ci gaba har tsawon shekaru goma. Sama da ma'aikatan Masar miliyan 2.4 ne suka shiga aikin, wanda sama da 125.000 suka rasa rayukansu.

Ranar 17 ga Nuwamba, 1869, an buɗe tashar Suez don kewayawa. Yana nuna wuri mai mahimmanci. Yana haɗa tekuna biyu da tekuna biyu Tekun Atlantika da Bahar Rum ta Gibraltar zuwa Port Said, da Tekun Indiya da Bahar Maliya ta Bab Al Mandab da Gulf of Suez zuwa tashar jiragen ruwa na Suez.

Ita ce magudanar ruwa mafi tsayi wadda ba ta da makulli; ana iya fadada shi da zurfafa a kowane lokaci idan ya cancanta.

Ƙofar Suez Canal na Port Said yana da rairayin bakin teku masu na yau da kullun amma marasa cunkoso fiye da sauran wuraren shakatawa na Masar. Mafi kyawun abin jan hankali na birnin, duk da haka, shine kallon jiragen ruwa yayin da suke shiga tashar. "Za ku iya yin hakan ta hanyar tsayawa a tashar jirgin ruwa ko kuma ta hanyar shiga jirgin ruwan da ba a biya ba sau da yawa," in ji wani shafin yanar gizon da ya kara da cewa, "Jirgin yana ɗaukar fasinjoji zuwa garin Port Fuad 'yar'uwar Port Said. Mafi kyawun alamar Port Said shine ginin Suez Canal Authority. Ana iya gani daga tashar jirgin ruwa kuma gininsa yana da ban mamaki. "

Kusan kowa a Masar ya san gundumar Larabawa a Port Said. Ita ce mafi dadewa kuma cibiyar kasuwanci da kasuwanci mafi girma a arewacin birnin gabar tekun Masar. Kowace rana, dubban mutane daga ko'ina cikin Masar suna ziyartar birnin da babu haraji, domin yin siyayya a wannan gunduma, inda farashin ya yi arha aƙalla kashi 50 cikin ɗari fiye da ko'ina a cikin ƙasar. Ziyarar walƙiya a gundumar ko da yake za ta bayyana matsalolin tattalin arziki da zamantakewa na mazaunanta, galibin baƙi daga Upper Masar, a baya Mohamed Raouf daga Masar Gazette ya ce.

A cikin Yuli 1956, Masar ta mayar da Suez Canal kasa bayan ya kasance wani kamfani na kasa da kasa kusan shekaru 87. Muhimmancin dabarun Canal na Suez ya ta'allaka ne a cikin gaskiyar cewa yana da mahimmanci ga kasuwancin duniya. Yana jigilar kashi 14 cikin 26 na jimillar cinikin duniya, kashi 41 cikin XNUMX na yawan man da ake fitarwa, kashi XNUMX cikin XNUMX na jimillar kayayyaki da kayayyaki da ke isa tashar jiragen ruwa na Gulf Larabawa.

Mashigar ruwa ta Suez ta rage tazarar da ke tsakanin Gabas da Yamma, alal misali, kashi 86 cikin 23 na tazarar da ke tsakanin tashar jiragen ruwa ta Jeddah ta Saudiyya zuwa tashar ruwan Bahar Maliya ta Canstanza ta sami ceto, idan aka kwatanta da hanyar da ke zagayen Cape of Good Hope. An rage tazarar dake tsakanin Tokyo da Rotterdam a kasar Holland da kashi XNUMX cikin dari idan ya zagaya Afirka.

Gwamnatin Mubarak a kodayaushe tana sha'awar ingantawa da kuma bunkasa ayyukan mashigin ruwa na Suez don tinkarar ci gaba da karuwar zirga-zirgar jiragen ruwa saboda dimbin karfin tankunan dakon kaya, da manyan jiragen ruwa da kuma karuwar yawan jiragen ruwa da ke tsallakawa mashigin ruwa. Jami'an magudanar ruwa sun ce za'a ci gaba da biyan harajin kusan iri daya ko kuma za'a rage su saboda illar zirga-zirgar wannan koma bayan tattalin arziki da kuma barazanar 'yan fashin teku a mashigin tekun Aden.

A baya-bayan nan, musamman kamfanonin kera makamai, sun sake yin jigilar jigilar kayayyaki zuwa kogin Cape of Good Hope a cikin 'yan watannin nan, don kaucewa 'yan fashin da ke farautar jiragen ruwa a kan hanyar da ke tsakanin mashigin Suez da tekun Indiya, in ji shugaban rundunar Suez.

Gwamnatin Masar ba ta bar wani dutse ba don kiyaye magudanar ruwa da aminci. Sai dai abin takaici a shekarar da ta gabata ne, Hukumar Tsaro ta Jihar ta kama Muhammad Tahah Wahdan, farfesa a tsangayar Kimiyya ta Jami’ar Suez Canal, bisa laifin kera wata mota mara matuki. An zargi Wahdan da kafa kwamitin da ke daidaita tsakanin shugabannin Hamas a yankin Gaza da kuma shugabannin kungiyar 'yan uwa musulmi a Masar, in ji Nirmin al Awadi na Al Dustur.