Ana iya samun shafin aluminum daga abin sha a cikin wani sabon nau'i na dutse a bakin tekun Cumbrian a Scotland. Wannan binciken ya baiwa masana kimiyar fahimta mai ban tsoro game da tasirin ayyukan dan Adam akan tsarin halitta da kayan duniya.
Masu bincike daga Jami'ar Glasgow sun gano cewa slag, wani sharar masana'antu da masana'antar karafa ke samarwa, yana rikidewa zuwa dutse mai tsayi a cikin shekaru 35.
Neman ƙalubalen ƙarni na fahimtar hanyoyin tafiyar da yanayin duniya, inda bincike ya nuna cewa dutsen yana samuwa ta halitta sama da miliyoyin shekaru.
Masu binciken sun rubuta wani sabon 'saurin zagayowar dutsen anthropoclastic' a karon farko, wanda ke kwaikwayi tsarin hawan dutse na halitta amma ya shafi kayan dan adam akan saurin lokaci. Sun yi imanin cewa mai yiwuwa za a fara zagayowar a wuraren masana'antu iri ɗaya a duniya.
Tawagar ta yi gargadin cewa saurin ci gaba da rashin shiri na dutsen da ke kewaye da wuraren sharar masana'antu na iya yin mummunan tasiri ga tsarin halittu, rayayyun halittu, sarrafa bakin teku, da kuma tsara filaye.
A cikin wata takarda da aka buga a mujallar Geology, masu binciken sun yi bayanin yadda cikakken bincike na ajiya mai nisan kilomita biyu a Derwent Howe a West Cumbria ya haifar da gano sabon tsarin tsarin duniya.
Derwent Howe ya kasance gida ga masana'antar ƙarfe da ƙarfe a cikin 19th kuma 20thƘarnuka, kuma bakin tekunta ya tara mitoci kubik miliyan 27 na murhu a tsawon tarihin masana'antar ta.
Wuraren da ake ajiyewa sun haifar da ɓangarorin ɓangarorin sharar gida waɗanda raƙuman ruwa da magudanan ruwa ke lalata su. Tawagar ta lura da abubuwan ban sha'awa da ba su dace ba a cikin tsaunin dutsen, kuma sun fara yin cikakken bayani a wurare 13 da ke gefen tekun.
Gwajin gwaje-gwajen da aka yi amfani da na'urar microscopy, X-ray diffraction, da Raman spectroscopy sun taimaka musu wajen tantance cewa kayan slag na Derwent Howe sun ƙunshi adibas na calcium, iron, da magnesium, da manganese. Waɗannan abubuwan suna da ƙarfin amsawa ta hanyar sinadarai, wanda shine mabuɗin haifar da hanzarin tsarin samuwar dutse.
Lokacin da tekun ya lalatar da slag, yana fallasa kayan zuwa ruwan teku da iska, wanda ke yin hulɗa tare da abubuwan amsawa na slag don ƙirƙirar siminti na halitta waɗanda suka haɗa da calcite, goethite, da brucite. Waɗannan siminti iri ɗaya ne waɗanda ke haɗa duwatsun da ke da ruwa, amma halayen sinadarai suna haifar da aiwatar da aiwatar da sauri fiye da yadda muka zaci makamancin haka a cikin zagayowar dutsen.
Dokta Amanda Owen ta Jami'ar Glasgow's School of Geographical and Earth Sciences ita ce marubuciyar takardar. Dr Owen ya ce: “Tsawon shekaru dari biyu, mun fahimci zagayowar dutse a matsayin wani tsari na halitta wanda ke daukar dubban shekaru zuwa miliyoyin shekaru.
"Abin da ke da ban mamaki a nan shi ne cewa mun gano waɗannan kayan da ɗan adam ya yi suna shigar da su a cikin tsarin halitta kuma sun zama masu haske - da gaske suna juya zuwa dutse - a cikin shekarun da suka gabata a maimakon haka. Yana ƙalubalanci fahimtar mu game da yadda ake samar da dutse, kuma yana nuna cewa abubuwan sharar gida da muka samar wajen samar da duniyar zamani za su yi tasiri a kan makomarmu."
Binciken dakin gwaje-gwajen tawagar ya samu karbuwa ne sakamakon abin mamaki da aka gano na kayan zamani da suka makale a cikin wasu samfurorin nasu, wanda ya taimaka musu wajen gano tsawon lokacin da aka dauka.
"Mun sami damar yin kwanan wata wannan tsari tare da madaidaicin madaidaicin," in ji Dokta John MacDonald, marubucin binciken. "Mun sami duka tsabar kudin King George V daga 1934 da aluminium na iya taɓawa tare da ƙirar da muka gane ba za a iya kera su ba kafin 1989 a cikin kayan.
"Wannan ya ba mu iyakar tsawon shekaru 35 don samar da dutsen, da kyau a cikin rayuwar ɗan adam guda ɗaya. Wannan misali ne a cikin microcosm na yadda duk ayyukan da muke gudanarwa a saman duniya za su ƙare a cikin tarihin ƙasa kamar dutse.
Dokta David Brown, marubuci na uku na jaridar, ya ce: “Slag ya ƙunshi dukkan abubuwan da ake buƙata don su zama dutse lokacin da aka fallasa shi ga ruwan teku da iska, don haka ina tsammanin yana da yuwuwar cewa wannan al'amari yana faruwa a duk wani ma'auni makamancin haka tare da wani bakin teku da aka fallasa tare da wasu ayyukan igiyar ruwa a ko'ina cikin duniya.
"Sharar fata ta karafa al'amari ne na duniya, kuma kamar yadda muka tattara, lokacin da sharar ma'adinan alkaline ke fallasa ruwa da iska, akwai yuwuwar siminti na kayan sako-sako."
Sakamakon binciken yana wakiltar misali na farko da aka rubuta cikakke kuma kwanan wata na saurin zagayowar dutsen ɗan adam a ƙasa. A cikin takarda, ƙungiyar ta lura cewa an riga an lura da irin wannan tsari a cikin tsarin gabar teku na Gorronodatxe kusa da Bilbao, Spain. Sai dai masu bincike a wurin sun kasa tantance tsawon lokacin da aka yi aikin saboda an ajiye sharar a cikin teku kafin a mayar da su bakin teku.
Dokta Owen ya kara da cewa: “Lokacin da aka fara zuba kayan sharar, sai a sako-sako kuma ana iya motsawa kamar yadda ake bukata, abin da bincikenmu ya nuna shi ne, ba mu da lokaci mai yawa kamar yadda muka yi tunanin samun wani wuri da za mu sanya shi inda zai yi tasiri kadan a kan muhalli – a maimakon haka, za mu iya yin wani al’amari na tsawon shekaru da dama kafin ya koma dutse, wanda ya fi wahalar sarrafawa.
"A kan gabar teku kamar Derwent Howe, tsarin lithification ya mayar da bakin teku mai yashi zuwa wani dandamali mai tsayi sosai, da sauri. Wannan saurin bayyanar dutse zai iya tasiri ga yanayin da ke sama da ƙasa da ruwa da kuma canza yadda bakin tekun ke amsa kalubale na tashin matakan teku da kuma matsanancin yanayi yayin da duniyarmu ta yi zafi. A halin yanzu, babu wani daga cikin wannan da aka lissafta a cikin tsarinmu na sarrafa sauyin yanayi, wanda ke kokarin canza yanayin yanayi.
"A halin yanzu muna neman ƙarin kudade don taimakawa ci gaba da bincike a wasu wuraren ajiya na slag a duk faɗin Turai, wanda zai taimaka don zurfafa fahimtarmu game da wannan sabon zagayen dutsen ɗan adam mai sauri."
Takardar ƙungiyar, 'Shaida don saurin zagayowar dutsen ɗan adam', an buga shi a cikin Geology. An tallafa wa binciken ta hanyar kudade daga Ƙungiyar Geological Society (London)
