- Kamfanonin jinginar gidaje sun fara bayar da amintattun jinginar gidaje, sabon nau'in saka hannun jari.
- Ofaya daga cikin sabbin gine-ginen shine otal ɗin Libby's Hotel and Baths mai hawa 12, wanda aka gina a 1926 a kusurwar Chrystie da Delancey Streets a cikin New York ta gabas ta gabas.
- Shi ne otal na yahudawa na farko na yahudawa tare da wani wurin waha da aka yi ado, gidan motsa jiki na zamani, bankunan Rasha-Baturke da wuraren zama a buɗe ga dukkan al'umma.
Wanda ya haɓaka shine Max Bernstein, baƙi daga Slutzk, Rasha, wanda ya isa New York tare da danginsa a cikin 1900 lokacin Max yana ɗan shekara 11. Titin da Max ya girma a ƙasan gabas ya cika da masu siyar da kaya, wasu da kekunan dawakai, yara suna wasa wasannin titi da mazauna zaman gida suna yin cuɗanya da juna. Abin takaici, lokacin da mahaifiyarsa Libby ta mutu a cikin shekara guda, Max ya gudu daga gida ya kwana a ƙaramin wurin shakatawa kusa. A cikin shekarun baya, Max ya ce mafarkinsa na gina otal ɗin Libby a kusurwar Chrystie da Delancey Streets ya zo masa a wannan daren.
Bayan shekaru na mallakar jerin gidajen cin abinci, kowannensu mai suna Libby's, Max ya sami damar mallakar ƙasa a kusurwar da ya fi so inda ya gina otal ɗin da aka buɗe a ranar 5 ga Afrilu, 1926. Max a bayyane yake ɗan talibi ne na asali saboda ya saka hannun jari. yawan kuzari da kuɗi a cikin babban kamfen na talla a cikin jaridun yau da kullun na yaren Yiddish. A ranar budewa, da New York Times ya haɗu da sauran takaddun don bayar da rahoton babban buɗewa. Otal ɗin Libby ya ƙunshi falo mai ban sha'awa mai hawa biyu tare da rufin filastar launi mai launi mai goyan baya ta ginshiƙan marmara da aka busa. Otal din yana da dakunan taruwa, dakuna da kuma gidajen cin abinci na kosher guda biyu. Max ya gudanar da taron sadaka da azuzuwan ninkaya don yaran unguwa.
Gidan rediyon Libby yana watsa shirye -shirye daga gidan rediyon Yiddish na farko, WFBH (daga saman mafi kyawun otal ɗin Majestic) wanda ke nuna shahararrun masu nishaɗi, gidan wasan kwaikwayo na rayuwa da ire -irensu kamar Sol Hurok, Rube Goldberg da George Jessel. Bernstein bai bar kuɗi ba, yana ɗaukar matsayin daraktan kiɗansa Josef Cherniavsky, shugaban Yiddish-American Jazz Band kuma wanda aka fi sani da Yahudawa Paul Whiteman. A cikin shekaru biyu na farko, otal ɗin da alama babbar nasara ce amma a ƙarshen 1928, rufin ya faɗi.
Gishiri na an bude sabbin otal -otal a New York. Mutane da yawa, don su kasance masu narkewa, sun fara kula da yahudawa, suna cire abokan cinikin Max. Max zai iya yin gasa mafi kyau idan yanayin motsin zuciyar sa bai riga ya kasance cikin karkace ba; a ranar 20 ga Oktoba, 1926, matarsa Sarah ta rasu. A shari'ar kotu daga baya, Max zai ba da shaida cewa baƙin cikin da ya fuskanta ya bar shi ya kasa aiki.
Bugu da ƙari, babban mai ba da bashi shine Kamfanin Jarin Amurka da Kamfanin Ba da Lamuni (AMBAM), mai ba da lamuni mai ƙima. Kafin hatsarin kasuwar hannayen jari na 1929, AMBAM ya riga ya ƙetare otal ɗin, kuma a cikin baƙon abu na ƙaddara, magajin gari Jimmy Walker ya nada Joseph Force Crater, lauya mai haɗin Tammany a matsayin mai karɓa. A cewar Alkalin Crater, wataƙila AMBAM yana da masaniya game da shirin birni na faɗaɗa Titin Chrystie. A kowane hali, AMBAM yanzu ya yi iƙirarin cewa otal ɗin ya kai dala miliyan 3.2 (bayan ƙimar Libby's Hotel a $ 1.3 miliyan kawai don ƙwacewa). Ta hanyar babban yanki, Birnin New York ya karɓi mallaka kuma ya biya AMBAM dala miliyan 2.85. Daga nan garin ya rushe gine -ginen da ke cikin shingen da suka hada da Max Bernstein's Libby's Hotel da Baths.
Amma akwai ƙarin labarin. A cikin 1931, an yanke wa AMBAM hukunci irin wannan makirci game da Otal ɗin Mayflower da ke Washington, DC Haka Alkalin Crater shine mai karɓar ƙimar Mayflower. Ya bace bayan watanni hudu kuma ba a same shi ba tun daga lokacin. An faɗaɗa Titin Chrystie, Babban Bala'in ya shiga kuma a ƙarshe, Robert Moses ya mai da wurin ya zama Sara Delano Roosevelt Park.
Lokacin da Max Bernstein ya mutu a ranar 13 ga Disamba, 1946, the New York Times Mahaifin ya rubuta: "Max Bernstein, 57, Mai Gidan Otel Da zarar ... Ya Gina Edifice $ 3,000,000 a cikin Zama, kawai don ganin Tunawa da Mahaifiya."
Wannan shine ƙarshen wannan labarin mai ban sha'awa sai dai Pakn Treger* labarin ya ba da labari mai zuwa:
Labarin Libby ya ɓace cikin duhu har zuwa lokacin bazara na 2001, lokacin da wani sashi na layin da ke kusa da kusurwar Chrystie da Delancey Streets suka shiga ciki, suna haifar da rami. Ramin ya girma ya isa ya haɗiye bishiya gaba ɗaya kuma ya fara kutsawa kan titunan birni da babbar cibiyar kusa da Sara Delano Roosevelt Park. A cikin waɗancan kwanaki marasa laifi kafin Satumba 11, nutsewar ruwa alama ce babbar barazanar da ke fuskantar ƙananan Manhattan.
Injiniyoyin birni ba su san musabbabin hakan ba, don haka suka saukar da kyamarar a cikin ramin. Ga mamakin su, ƙafa 22 a ƙasa sun sami ɗaki mara kyau, cike da akwatunan littattafai. Lokacin da suka bincika bayanan ajiya a Gidan Tarihi na Municipal, sun sami labarin cewa otal ɗin Libby ya taɓa tsayawa a can kuma sun gano ɗaki a cikin ƙaramin gininsa. A cikin New York Times labarin daga 11 ga Satumba, 2001, an nakalto Kwamishinan Gidajen Garin New York Henry J. Stern yana cewa, "Yana tunatar da ni Pompeii."
Ya bambanta da Pompeii, ba a yi yunƙurin isa ɗakin ko tono shi ba. Injiniyoyin birni sun zaɓi cika shi da tsire, suna binne ɗakin da abubuwan ban al'ajabi da ke ciki. An dasa sabon itace, kuma an gyara wurin shakatawa.
* "Ritz tare da Shvitz" na Shulamith Berger da Jai Zion, Pak Treger, bazara 2009
Sabon littafinsa mai suna "Great American Hotel Architects Volume 2" an buga shi.
Sauran Littattafan Otal da Aka Buga:
• Manyan otal -otal na Amurka: Majagaba na Masana'antar otal (2009)
• An Gina Don Ƙarshe: Otal-otal sama da 100 a New York (2011)
• An Gina Don Ƙarshe: Otal-otal 100+ Gabas na Mississippi (2013)
• Hotel Mavens: Lucius M. Boomer, George C. Boldt, Oscar na Waldorf (2014)
• Manyan otal -otal na Amurka Juzu'i na 2: Majagaba na Masana'antar otal (2016)
• An Gina Don Ƙarshe: Otal-otal 100+ Yammacin Mississippi (2017)
• Hotel Mavens Volume 2: Henry Morrison Flagler, Henry Bradley Shuka, Carl Graham Fisher (2018)
• Babban American Hotel Architects Volume I (2019)
• Hotel Mavens: Volume 3: Bob da Larry Tisch, Ralph Hitz, Cesar Ritz, Curt Strand
Duk waɗannan littattafan ana iya yin odarsu daga Gidan Gida ta ziyartar www.stanleyturkel.com da danna sunan littafin.