Masu yawon bude ido na sararin samaniya: Jiran wurin zama na gaba zai iya dadewa

Almaty, Kazakhstan – hamshakin attajirin nan Ba’amurke Charles Simonyi na iya zama ɗan yawon buɗe ido na ƙarshe da ya hau roka na Soyuz zuwa sararin samaniya na ƴan shekaru masu zuwa.

Yawon shakatawa na sararin samaniya - irin wanda kuke kashe dala miliyan 35 na tsawon makonni biyu a tashar sararin samaniya ta kasa da kasa (ISS) - yanzu yana kan aiki.

Me yasa? Babu sauran daki a masaukin ISS.

Lokacin da ma'aikatan tashar sararin samaniyar ya ninka daga baya a wannan shekara, ba za a sami kujeru ba ga masu zurfafa aljihu, wadanda a halin yanzu suka hau kan kumbon na Rasha wanda shi ma ke daukar 'yan sama jannati masu aiki zuwa tashar.

Mista Simonyi, wanda ya sauka da sanyin safiyar Laraba a kan tsaunuka na kasar Kazakhstan, ya samu arzikinsa ne a matsayinsa na jagora a fannin kera manhajoji a kamfanin Microsoft Corp. Shi ne na farko da ya fara yin balaguro har sau biyu kuma daya daga cikin 'yan sama jannati shida da suka shiga sararin samaniya. Tafiyar sa ta farko a shekarar 2007 ta ci dala miliyan 25.

"Ina tafiya kusa da jirgina na farko saboda har yanzu zan iya amfani da kwarewar jirgin da na yi a baya," in ji Simonyi a wani taron manema labarai a watan Maris, ya kara da cewa wannan tafiya za ta kasance ta karshe. A lokacin da ake cikin mawuyacin hali na rikicin kudi a duniya, Simonyi ya ce yana goyon bayan binciken sararin samaniya ta hanyar zuba kudinsa a masana'antar sararin samaniya.

Simonyi ya tarwatse ne a ranar 26 ga Maris daga Baikonur Cosmodrome a Kazakhstan tare da ma'aikatan jirgin biyu, dan sama jannatin Rasha Gennadiy Padalka da dan sama jannatin Ba'amurke Michael Barratt. Ya ɗauki hanya ɗaya tilo da ke akwai ga masu yawon buɗe ido sararin samaniya: yin ajiyar Soyuz ta hanyar Space Adventures Ltd na tushen Amurka.

Amma Soyuz jirgi ne da ake amfani da shi sau ɗaya wanda zai iya ɗaukar mutane uku kawai. Lokacin da ma'aikatan ISS suka haura mambobi shida daga uku, isar da dukkan ma'aikatan zuwa ISS zai yi balaguro biyu a iya aiki. Ba za a sami wuraren zama ga masu yawon bude ido ba, har ma da wadanda ke da dala miliyan 35 don kona.

Kujerun da masu yawon bude ido suka yi amfani da su, 'yan sama jannatin Amurka ne za su dauki kujerun. A watan Disambar da ya gabata, NASA ta rattaba hannu kan wata kwangilar dalar Amurka miliyan 141 da Hukumar Kula da Sararin Samaniya ta Rasha, don aika ma'aikatan ISS uku a cikin motocin Soyuz guda biyu a shekarar 2011. Kuma adadin kujerun da NASA ta dauka zai karu saboda babban jigilar da 'yan sama jannatin Amurka ke amfani da shi, jirgin saman sararin samaniya. , za a yi ritaya a shekara mai zuwa.

Har yanzu ana kan gina sabon jirgin na Amurka, Orion, da roka mai ɗaukar nauyinsa, Ares. Ana sa ran tashin jirgin farko na Orion a cikin 2015.

Amma kamfanonin yawon shakatawa na sararin samaniya suna neman hanyoyin ci gaba da kasuwanci. A bisa ka'ida, za su iya siyan motar Soyuz gabaɗaya kuma su aika abokan cinikinsu zuwa sararin samaniya ko da ba tare da tsayawa a ISS ba. Wannan shine abin da Space Adventurers ke niyyar yi. Amma irin wannan tsare-tsare na buƙatar gina ƙarin jirgin sama na Soyuz, saboda duk jiragen da ke aiki a halin yanzu an ba su kwangilar balaguron ISS.

"Akwai yuwuwar gina wani jirgin ruwa," in ji Aleksey Krasnov, shugaban kula da jiragen sama na Hukumar Kula da Sararin Samaniya ta Rasha, a wani taron manema labarai. "Amma akwai matsaloli game da wannan. A wannan shekara muna da rikodin adadin jiragen sama - hudu - wanda ke nufin muna buƙatar harba jiragen sama guda hudu.

"Ya zama dole a yi la'akari da damar masana'antu da samar da kayayyaki da kuma albarkatun bil'adama lokacin da ake gina jirgi na biyar," in ji Mr. Krasnov. Amma ya kara da cewa yana fatan kamfanin Energiya da ke kera jirgin na Soyuz zai gina jirgi na biyar.

Vitaliy Lopota, shugaban kuma babban mai zanen Energiya, ya yi iƙirarin cewa ana ɗaukar 2-1/2 zuwa shekaru uku don kera jirgin sama, wanda ke nufin jiragen yawon buɗe ido ba zai iya komawa ba har sai 2012-2013 da farko.

"Amma wannan aikin zai bukaci karin kudade," in ji Mista Lapota ta hanyar kamfanin dillancin labaran Rasha RIA Novosti. "Yanayin kasuwannin hada-hadar kudi na yanzu ba sa barin kera wani jirgin sama mai mutum-mutumi."

Kamfanoni masu zaman kansu sun fara neman zaɓuɓɓuka masu rahusa. Yawancin su suna haɓaka hanyoyin da za su koma jiragen ruwa na Soyuz da masu ɗaukar kaya don samun masu yawon buɗe ido zuwa sararin samaniya. Gasar tana girma cikin sauri.

Kamfanin Birtaniya na Virgin Galactic yana shirin tura mutane 500 zuwa sararin samaniya a kowace shekara a sabon gininsa na SpaceShipTwo, dauke da roka mai suna White Knight Two. Tana shirin aika yawon buɗe ido ta farko da zaran shekara ta gaba ko a cikin 2011, lokacin da aka gama duk jirage na gwaji. Tafiyar sararin samaniya na awa 2-1/2 zai ci $200,000. Sauran kamfanoni irin su Space Adventures da RocketShip Tours Inc. na Phoenix, suna ba da jiragen sama na karkashin kasa inda masu yawon bude ido za su yi tafiya mai nisan mil 37 zuwa 68, su fuskanci rashin nauyi na mintuna biyar zuwa 10, kuma su dawo duniya.

Gasa a kamfanoni masu zaman kansu na iya rage farashin jiragen sama. Amma ko ta yaya jiragen ke da arha, kerawa da kera jirgin da ya cika dukkan buƙatun aminci yana ɗaukar lokaci mai tsawo.

Duk da haka, kamfanoni masu zaman kansu suna fatan aika nasu motocin kafin a iya harba wani Soyuz mai zaman kansa. Amma a cikin irin wannan kasuwancin mai haɗari, ba kamfanoni ɗaya ne kawai abin zai iya shafa ba. Hadarurrukan jiragen na Challenger da Columbia sun yi tasiri matuka ga shirin sararin samaniyar Amurka. Idan irin wannan lamari ya faru tare da kamfanoni masu zaman kansu, zamanin yawon shakatawa na sararin samaniya a kan jiragen sama masu zaman kansu zai iya ƙare da sauri.