Da sanyin safiyar Alhamis jirgin Soyuz na kasar Rasha zai tashi daga Baikonur Cosmodrome da ke kasar Kazakhstan dauke da dan yawon bude ido na karshe mai zaman kansa, mai tsara manhaja na Amurka Charles Simonyi, zuwa tashar sararin samaniya. Tun da tashar ta fadada daga ma'aikatan jirgin uku zuwa shida, dole ne a yi amfani da Soyuz don ɗaukar, misali, 'yan saman jannati na Kanada, Turai da Japan waɗanda suka dade suna jiran shekaru don rayuwa a tashar sararin samaniya ta duniya (ISS). Har ila yau, bayan shekarar 2010 lokacin da jiragen saman Amurka suka yi ritaya, jirgin zai dauki 'yan sama jannatin Amurka zuwa sararin samaniya. Irin wannan ɗagawa mai nauyi ga Soyuz ya kawo ƙarshen, a yanzu, ga abin da ya kasance wani shirin yawon buɗe ido na sararin samaniyar Rasha mai riba.
Tun daga shekara ta 2001, 'yan kasar Rasha sun yi jigilar mahalarta jirgin sama masu zaman kansu guda shida, wadanda suka biya akalla dala miliyan 20 da aka kulla ta hanyar Kasadar Sararin Samaniya ta Virginia, don balaguro zuwa sararin samaniya. Simonyi zai yi tafiya ta biyu, dala miliyan 35, zuwa tashar. An shirya shi don aikin kwanaki 12 don yin bincike game da asarar yawan kashi da ciwon baya a sararin samaniya, don yin aiki a kan nazarin nazarin duniya, da kuma sadarwa tare da dalibai. Kuna iya bin kwarewarsa akan layi.
Duk da haka, Shugaba da Shugaba na Space Adventures, Eric Anderson, ya gaya mani ta hanyar imel cewa sanarwar Rasha ba ta shafi shirye-shiryen kamfanin na ayyukan sararin samaniya na gaba ba, kuma Space Adventures yana da manufa mai zaman kanta da aka tsara don 2011. "Muna ci gaba kamar yadda aka tsara. , "in ji Anderson. (Zaku iya duba sanarwar manema labarai na kamfanin nan.)
Bugu da kari, babban jami'in hukumar kula da sararin samaniyar kasar Rasha Anatoly Perminov, ya shaidawa jaridar gwamnatin kasar cewa, ta yi wa kasar Kazakhstan alkawarin aike da wani jirgin sama daga tsohuwar jamhuriyar Soviet zuwa tashar "a kan kasuwanci", kuma wannan balaguron ya zama haka. fada.
"Yan Rasha sun ce kawai 'ba za mu dauki fasinjoji masu biyan kuɗi' a kan Soyuz, motar gwamnati ba, saboda tashar sararin samaniya na fadada ma'aikatansa. Amma ta fuskar kasuwanci, [jirgin Simonyi] ba shi ne jirgin kasuwanci na ƙarshe zuwa sararin samaniya ba,” in ji Henry Hertzfeld, farfesa mai bincike kan manufofin sararin samaniya da harkokin ƙasa da ƙasa a Jami’ar George Washington da ke DC.
Kamfanoni masu zaman kansu kamar Xcor Aerospace, da ke Mojave, California, da Virgin Galactic mallakin hamshakin attajirin nan Richard Branson's Virgin Group, suna kera rokoki da jirage masu saukar ungulu don daukar fasinjoji a cikin jirage masu saukar ungulu, kuma ana iya amfani da motocin don gwada kayan aikin gwamnati. Amma, in ji Hertzfeld, irin wannan nau'in sana'a mai zaman kansa har yanzu yana kan ƙuruciyarsa. "Har yanzu dole ne a tabbatar da cewa kasuwanci ne mai kyau," in ji shi. Hertzfeld ya kara da cewa, galibin wadannan kamfanoni, idan ba duka ba, wadanda suka yi fice wajen kera motoci suna karbar kwangilar gwamnati da kudin R&D.
Misali daya shine SpaceX da ke Hawthorne, California, wacce ta sami kwangilar gwamnati don amfani da roka don jigilar kaya zuwa tashar sararin samaniya da zarar jiragen sun yi ritaya. Har ila yau, kamfanin yana da wani sashi a cikin kwantiraginsu, wanda NASA ba ta yi atisaye ba, na daukar ma'aikatan jirgin zuwa tashar. "Mun haɓaka damar yin jigilar kaya tare da shirye-shiryen nan gaba don haɓakawa don ɗaukar ma'aikatan jirgin. Tsarin mu na capsule zai iya ɗaukar duka biyun, ”in ji Lawrence Williams, mataimakin shugaban kamfanin. An shirya motarsu mai suna Falcon za ta fara tashi da tashar a shekarar 2011. "Idan muka fara aiki kan karfin ma'aikatan a yau, za mu iya daukar ma'aikatan cikin watanni 24," in ji Williams.
Duk da yake akwai kamfanoni masu zaman kansu da ke aiki tukuru don kera motocin da za su dauki nauyin ayyukan jiragen sama na Amurka, ya rage cewa kumbon Soyuz zai kasance wani bangare mai mahimmanci fiye da yadda yake da shi na ci gaba da kulawa da fadada tashar sararin samaniyar dala biliyan 100. Williams ya ce abin da ya tilastawa Rashan ta kin daukar fasinjojin da ke biyan albashi bayan shekara ta 2009 shi ne cewa za su yi jigilar 'yan sama jannatin Amurka da yawa zuwa tashar sararin samaniya. "Amurka ba za ta sami abin hawa da za ta tashi da kanta ba, don haka NASA na wucin gadi dole ne ta dogara da bangaren kasuwanci," in ji Williams. "Russia suna da kwangilar yin hakan."
"Za mu sami gibi kuma abin takaici ne, amma motar motar ta tsufa kuma dole ne a yanke shawarar yin ritaya. Yanzu dole ne mu dogara ga wasu kuma mu mai da hankali kan Ares, [motar harba NASA nan gaba], don dawo da ikon mu ga 'yan Adam don yin balaguro zuwa sararin samaniya," in ji Hertzfeld.
